数据库课程分类教学与实践模式探索

基于计算机本科专业人才培养总体规划,根据学生的个体差异,研究探讨一种数据库课程的分类教学与实践模式,将学生分为不同类型,在授课、实验、课程设计和课后活动等方面分类实施不同的教学内容和实践安排,充分调动学生的学习积极性和主动性。     

A constraint programming-based solution approach for medical resident scheduling problems

Persistent calls come from within the graduate medical education community and from external sources for regulating the resident duty hours in order to meet the obligations about the quality of resident education, the well-being of residents themselves, and the quality of patient care services. The report of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) proposes common program requirements for resident hours. In this paper, we first develop a mixed-integer programming model for scheduling residents’ duty hours considering the on-call night, day-off, rest period, and total work-hour ACGME regulations as well as the demand coverage requirements of the residency program. Subsequently, we propose a column generation model that consists of a master problem and an auxiliary problem. The master problem finds a configuration of individual schedules that minimizes the sum of deviations from the desired service levels for the day and night periods. The formulation of this problem is possible by representing the feasible schedules using column variables, whereas the auxiliary problem finds the whole set of feasible schedules using constraint programming. The proposed approach has been tested on a series of problems using real data obtained from a hospital. The results indicate that high-quality schedules can be obtained within a few seconds.     

The provision of online public goods: Examining social structure in an electronic network of practice

Electronic networks of practice are computer-mediated social spaces where individuals working on similar problems self-organize to help each other and share knowledge, advice, and perspectives about their occupational practice or common interests. These interactions occur through message postings to produce an on-line public good of knowledge, where all participants in the network can then access this knowledge, regardless of their active participation in the network. Using theories and concepts of collective action and public goods, five hypotheses are developed regarding the structural and social characteristics that support the online provision and maintenance of knowledge in an electronic network of practice. Using social network analysis, we examine the structure of message contributions that produce and sustain the public good. We then combine the results from network analysis with survey results to examine the underlying pattern of exchange, the role of the critical mass, the quality of the ties sustaining participation, the heterogeneity of resources and interests of participants, and changes in membership that impact the structural characteristics of the network. Our results suggest that the electronic network of practice chosen for this study is sustained through generalized exchange, is supported by a critical mass of active members, and that members develop strong ties with the community as a whole rather than develop interpersonal relationships. Knowledge contribution is significantly related to an individual's tenure in the occupation, expertise, availability of local resources and a desire to enhance one's reputation, and those in the critical mass are primarily responsible for creating and sustaining the public good of knowledge. Finally, we find that this structure of generalized exchange is stable over time although there is a high proportion of member churn in the network.     

A reflection on information systems strategizing: the role of power and everyday practices

We review the IS strategizing literature and highlight its main strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include an account given to the relevance of tensions between planned and executed strategy, and associated tradeoffs such as rigidity and flexibility, formal and informal strategizing and the exploitation of static resources vis à vis the exploration of novel capabilities. Weaknesses relate to a predominant focus on an organizational level of analysis and a lack of power considerations. In this paper we aim to build on these strengths and to ameliorate these weaknesses by proposing a comprehensive IS strategizing framework that uses extant IS strategizing research as a foundation, rejuvenated by insights from the emerging strategy‐as‐practice literature. The paper extends our understanding of IS strategizing in light of the practice perspective by providing a multilevel account and incorporating power considerations.     

信息管理与信息系统专业教学改革试探

信息管理与信息系统专业因为不同学校的办学力量和学科起源不同,在培养方向上有着显著的差别。因此,培养的学生质量与社会需求上也有不同的契合,本文通过专业的起源和定位来剖析,探讨从通识教学与专业教学、专业实践两个方面的教学改革,来提高本专业学生的培养质量。     

基于FDI算法在软件测试实践中的应用

软件测试对于软件系统的性能以及功能都有很重要的意义,是保证软件可靠运行的关键.在软件测试的实践应用中,对于软件故障定位时,提出了基于谓词统计故障定位的算法,也就是FDI频率差异积分算法.在软件测试实践中采用基于FDI频率差异积分算法,可以很好地监控软件程序,测试软件的覆盖率以及执行时间等内存占用情况,并找到软件的故障瓶颈,以便采取更好的方法改进软件性能.探讨了实践中基于FDI频率差异积分算法在软件测试内的应用.     

C语言指针错误的分析及调试

C语言指针的有些错误在程序编译阶段难以发现,且现行教材主要从概念、理论上对指针错误进行讲述,存在不足.分析了带有此类错误的示例程序,并在VISUAL C++6.0进行调试,展示此类指针错误的错误现象,分析其产生的原因,提出正确使用指针的方法,以达到预防此类指针错误发生的目的.     

The Organisation in Ethnography –A Discussion of Ethnographic Fieldwork Programs in CSCW

Ethnography is now one of the key approaches usedwithin the CSCW community to specify the role ofcomputer based systems in work practice. Yet whatethnography involves as a program of inquiries is onlydiscussed in a piecemeal way in the literature. Thispaper attempts to make up for that absence bydescribing one fieldwork program (or programme)developed over a number of projects in whichethnography has been allied with computer systems andwork practice design. The discussions will be ofinterest to both expert practitioners of ethnographyand novices.     

高职高专Java程序设计课程教学研究

Java程序设计语言是现今比较流行的编程语言,如何对高职高专的学生讲授这门语言,是研究的主要问题。首先论述了高职高专的教学特点,然后根据特点,从三个方面对教学实施过程进行论述。包括基础课程学习的研究,教学教法的引导,以及如何提高学生的学习积极性。最后对论点进行了总结。     

软件工程实验室建设研究

阐述了建设软件工程实验室的意义,从软硬件环境的建设、切实可行的实践内容、有效的考核评价体系这三个方面对软件工程实验室建设进行了规划,并结合我校软件工程专业的实际情况提出了软件工程实验室建设的解决方案。