京杭大运河(徐州段)沉积物重金属的分布与污染评价

以京杭大运河(徐州段)上游的底泥为研究对象，用火焰原子分光光度法测定其中的Zn、Pb、Cu、Cr和Cd的含量，并运用地质累汁指数法对各采样点的重金属污染状况进行分析评价，总结出这一流域重金属的污染分布情况．确定丁主要污染元素。     

Distributive hydraulic engineering,cross-scale landscape planning,and climate change resilience: On the water-adaptive strategy in the Huai'an–Yangzhou Section of China's Grand Canal

Water system plays a key role in the coupled human-nature system, and ancient people's experiences to build a water-adaptative way of life still shed light on human's pursuit for climate resilience today with their innate traditional ecological wisdom. In this paper, taking the Huai'an-Yangzhou Section of China's Grand Canal, and particularly its hydraulic engineering system as an example, we show the system's success in addressing the multi-dimensional challenges in a historical geographical context, as well as its landscape-shaping power across the entire lower Yellow-Huai River Basin up until today. Therefore, we argue that the system is not merely a hydraulic engineering project, but a cross-scale adaptive strategy that has deeply impacted generations of people's way of livelihood with its intrinsic resilient nature. We attribute the success to the advantages brought about by the “distributive hydraulic engineering” approach, which is reflected in the ancient Grand Canal-management, over the “master-structure dependent” approach which appears to be the common practice in modern hydraulic engineering. For testing the hypothesis, we build complex system models representing the two approaches with the Qingkou Hydraulic Nexus as an example, and by running long-term simulation, we evaluate the performance of the two approaches with respect to long-term resilience. We show from a complex network perspective that the former has significant flexibility advantages, and outperforms the former in multi-goal fulfillment capacities and long-term resilience especially under a low-tech, tight resource constraints condition. We conclude the paper with discussions on the implications of the findings, and argue that though with limitations, the traditional ecological wisdom as reflected in the Grand Canal case, with its holistic approach and flexibility design, still sheds lights on today's large-scale hydraulic engineering projects that pursue a resilient solution for long-term adaptive survival for the mankind.     

Knowingly Unfinished: Exploiting the Temporality of Landscapes

For landscape architects, working in a natural growing medium heavily exposed to changing climatic conditions, temporality is a given. Here, SueAnne Ware , Head of the School Architecture and the Built Environment at the University of Newcastle, Australia, explains how landscape architects are accentuating this situation by consciously working with the performative aspects of the landscapes they design, as exemplified in three projects in France, Spain and Australia.     

基于文化传承的北京大运河景观规划研究

北京大运河纵贯千年,价值意义极其突出,是国脉肇始,是兴都之廊。新时代背景下,国家对于保护好、传承好、利用好这一伟大的世界文化遗产提出了更高的期望与要求,但是高水平、高标准的发展建设诉求与部分遗产资源被侵占破坏、滨河空间文化彰显不足等现状对比鲜明。从风景园林的专业视角提出"HSES"分析模式,基于历史文脉的总结梳理,通过历史演变的空间叠合、文化遗产的价值评估和沿线景点的调研分析的技术方法,在运河水系恢复、遗产保护利用、公园景点塑造、讲好运河故事等方面提出发展建议,在北京大运河的景观规划层面传承历史文化,弘扬运河文明。     

Insights into the solubility of H2 in various polyethylene matrices at high pressure: A coarse-grained MC/MD study

After isothermal crystallisation with coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations, the solubility of H₂ molecules in different amorphous/semi-crystalline polyethylene(PE) systems was investigated by hybrid GCMC/MD simulations with explicit crystalline phase in high-pressure environment. The crystalline phase is successfully obtained by isothermal crystallisation for branch-free PE, while the existence of the branch hindered the formation of the crystalline phase in PE. In the amorphous phase, the density of end groups turns out to be a critical factor of H₂ solubility. As the branch density increase the density of the end groups, the branch density, but not the branch length has a strong positive correlation with H₂ solubility. While H₂ is excluded from the crystalline phase and the majority of them dissolve within the amorphous region, H₂ molecules were observed to dissolve in the crystalline-amorphous interface and directly neighbouring with the crystalline phase, with a preference for dissolving in the amorphous phase without being directly linked to crystalline phase via chemical bonds. Such behaviour could be explained by the rigidity of bonded crystalline-amorphous interface.     

大运河文化遗产点保护路径探讨——以浙江嘉兴落帆亭为例

【目的】在大运河文化遗产保护实践中，存在遗产物质实体与文化之间的价值关联与精神统一阐发肤浅的问题，为此进行基于遗产点真实性与完整性的保护路径探究。【方法】以浙江省嘉兴市落帆亭名胜为例，通过叠加比对落帆亭、杉青闸、大运河的历史信息以及初步复原平面图，还原落帆亭名胜的历史样貌。【结果】将落帆亭文化遗产的有机生成过程分为运河作用与功能催生、事件发生与人文点染、风景建设与文化认同3个阶段，并总结出其生成机制。根据历史样貌与生成过程研究，对落帆亭文化遗产分别提出针对遗产本体和针对遗产生成机制的保护策略。【结论】揭示了大运河文化遗产点保护需要尊重遗产的历史发展规律，重视遗产所在地的地方风土与遗产的相互作用，为建设可持续发展的人居遗产提供借鉴。     

Hydrogen adsorption in nanotube and cylindrical pore: A grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation study

Physisorption of targeted amount of hydrogen within carbonaceous material is a formidable task. Even though at 80 K adsorption is satisfactory but at 298 K storing desirable amount of hydrogen is difficult. Here we report grand canonical monte carlo simulation of hydrogen adsorption within two different cylindrical pores in the temperature range 60–298 K and in the pressure range 1–500 bar. In one we construct a cylindrical pore (CP) of ≈2.0 nm diameter by removing carbon atoms from the center of stacked graphene sheets. In the other single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) of similar diameter is used for the adsorption. In all of our simulations intermolecular hydrogen interactions are modeled using the classical Silvera-Goldman potential, which contains both Lennard-Jones and electrostatic sites. Total amount of adsorbed hydrogen is always greater in SWCNT (adsorbed both inside and outside the wall) than in CPs, however amount of hydrogen adsorbed inside SWCNT only is always smaller than that inside CP. Surface defects created during removal of carbon atoms in CP results in almost 2 wt% increase in uptake compared to SWCNT.     

Magical Transubstantiations: A Voyage to Italy

Visiting Italy in 1978 as part of his own Grand Tour, Lebbeus Woods was able to see some of the treasures of the Renaissance and the Baroque. The ensuing mix of reality and imagination prompted the Editors of this 2, Aleksandra Wagner and Neil Spiller , to consider the visual travelogue –Cityscapes – in a similar manner, combining speculation and truth.     

Population connectivity of aquatic insects in a dam-regulated,desert river

Humans have exaggerated natural habitat fragmentation, negatively impacting species dispersal and reducing population connectivity. Habitat fragmentation can be especially detrimental in freshwater populations, whose dispersal is already constrained by the river network structure. Aquatic insects, for instance, are generally limited to two primary modes of dispersal: downstream drift in the aquatic juvenile life stages and flight during the terrestrial winged adult stage. Yet the impacts of large hydropower dams can make rivers uninhabitable for incoming (drifting) juvenile insects, with remaining refugia found only in tributaries. The ability of adult aquatic insects to traverse such river stretches in search of suitable tributary habitat likely depends on factors such as species-specific dispersal ability and distance between tributaries. To explore the intersection of natural and human-induced habitat fragmentation on aquatic insect dispersal ability, we quantified population genetics of three taxa with varying dispersal abilities, a caddisfly (Hydropsychidae, Hydropsyche oslari), a mayfly (Baetidae: Fallceon quilleri), and a water strider (Veliidae: Rhagovelia distincta), throughout tributaries of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Using 2bRAD reduced genome sequencing and landscape genetics analyses, we revealed a strong pattern of isolation by distance among mayfly populations. This contrasts with caddisfly and water strider populations, which were largely panmictic. Analysis of thousands of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that realized dispersal ability may not be accurately predicted by species traits for these widespread species. Principal components analysis revealed a strong division between caddisfly populations upstream and downstream of Havasu Creek (279 km through the 390 km study reach), suggesting that the geography of the Grand Canyon imposes a dispersal barrier for this species. Our use of genetic tools in the Grand Canyon to understand population structure has enabled us to elucidate dispersal barriers for aquatic insects. Ultimately, these data may be useful in informing effective conservation management plans for understudied organisms of conservation interest.