Mediating Change: A Japanese Perspective on Adaptable Architecture

Adaptable buildings that are effectively left open, in a perpetual state of making, have the greatest potential to cater for society's needs in the face of demographic change. Here Robert Schmidt III , architect and researcher, and Toru Eguchi , associate professor at Yokohama National University in Japan, explore how Japan, which has a rich tradition of adaptable architecture and also the highest life expectancy in the world, has embraced this approach.     

重庆金源大饭店

酒店的设计大气、典雅、力求使用现代的材料与灯光的配合，通过简洁、大方的造型营造富有生命力和时代感的空间。     

Global arrays: A nonuniform memory access programming model for high-performance computers

Portability, efficiency, and ease of coding are all important considerations in choosing the programming model for a scalable parallel application. The message-passing programming model is widely used because of its portability, yet some applications are too complex to code in it while also trying to maintain a balanced computation load and avoid redundant computations. The shared-memory programming model simplifies coding, but it is not portable and often provides little control over interprocessor data transfer costs. This paper describes an approach, called Global Arrays (GAs), that combines the better features of both other models, leading to both simple coding and efficient execution. The key concept of GAs is that they provide a portable interface through which each process in a MIMD parallel program can asynchronously access logical blocks of physically distributed matrices, with no need for explicit cooperation by other processes. We have implemented the GA library on a variety of computer systems, including the Intel Delta and Paragon, the IBM SP-1 and SP-2 (all message passers), the Kendall Square Research KSR-1/2 and the Convex SPP-1200 (nonuniform access shared-memory machines), the CRAY T3D (a globally addressable distributed-memory computer), and networks of UNIX workstations. We discuss the design and implementation of these libraries, report their performance, illustrate the use of GAs in the context of computational chemistry applications, and describe the use of a GA performance visualization tool.(An earlier version of this paper was presented at Supercomputing'94.)     

沿海大通道建成对上海市经济发展的影响

沿海大通道连接我国沿海三大经济区 ,同时也是上海郊区高速环线的一部分。它的建设可以显著地拓展和完善上海城市整体功能 ,促进经济、金融、贸易、航运“四个中心”建设 ,更好地形成上海市与整个长江三角洲地区城市群互补、互动、互融的联动发展效应 ,进而形成长江三角洲巨型城镇带 ,这也是上海市由“中心偏向”式发展 ,向区域协调型发展的重要转折点。同时 ,沿海大通道开通后地区间横向联系方便 ,对上海市而言是机遇与挑战共存 ,上海市必须迅速转变其经济功能 ,实行体制创新 ,才能保持发展优势 ,起到发展带动作用。　　研究建议 ,必须建立一个权威性组织 ,协调长江三角洲地区的发展。“十五”期内应积极争取沪崇苏西线的开通 ,打通向北的通道 ,促进上海南北两翼的平衡发展。城镇生产力布局和建设时应按经济影响范围 ,特别是协调出入口附近地区发展 ,实现郊区城镇化的有序推进。开展对郊区巨型商业综合体的研究 ,促进新的商业形式的出现 ,提高上海的商业活力。优先考虑建立轨道和其它公共交通优先发展的机制 ,实现有控制的分散组团发展模式 ,以利于提高上海的长久国际竞争力。     

杭州大剧院的预应力混凝土结构设计

在杭州大剧院中,大厅和左右舞台等均为大跨空间的梁-板-剪力墙结构。且大剧院的建筑设计限制了梁高和剪力墙的厚度。为了合理设计大剧院中的后张预应力混凝土梁,避免简化模型的计算误差,应用ANSYS软件对结构建立了三维有限元模型,应用等效荷载法得到结构在预应力作用下的计算结果,再与数学规划相结合来确定预应力配筋设计,有效地控制了结构的受力状态。通过现场测试试验对预应力梁与剪力墙节点处的墙上应力进行了测试,把实测结果与有限元计算结果进行了对比,验证了设计方案的合理性和有效性。     

城市运河文化景观的公众意象感知——以扬州为例

【目的】面对大运河如今发生的诸多变化,需要以动态、发展的眼光去审视运河遗产的保护与发展实践,全面、客观地认知现代社会对于运河遗产的体验与需求,为大运河遗产在现代社会的保护与利用实践中提供支撑。【方法】以683篇与扬州运河相关的游记文本数据作为研究材料,运用LDA主题模型构建文化景观意象感知描述体系,半定量化探究公众对于运河文化景观的意象感知特征。【结果】研究表明：一级感知维度下,扬州运河的意象感知主要从运河的典型景观、游览运河的行程感受及运河文化景观的区域影响力三方面展开;二级感知维度下,与人文景观、自然风光、特色美食、商业服务及服务设施等内容有关的高频词共同构建了较为丰富的运河感知意象,并体现了古运河串联不同城市资源的能力。【结论】当代社会大运河文化遗产的保护与利用,不仅是对运河遗产物质空间的更新与改造,也是对运河景观风貌及社会个体心理体验等社会空间的重构。该研究结论有助于理解运河文化景观在现代城市语境下的社会角色与地方意义,并为相关城市文化景观风貌塑造提供审慎参考。     

大空间火灾自动报警及联动控制系统施工技术

介绍重庆大剧院大空间火灾自动报警及联动控制系统组成,总结该系统的施工及调试技术,提出剧院类建筑大空间火灾自动报警及联动控制系统施工中应注意的问题及解决方法。     

空间结构定量分析的京杭大运河遗产保护研究

本文并未止步于以往对京杭大运河及其周边地区景观现象的表层分析,而是专注于地域环境、社会文化、政治经济等对运河景观形成及改变的深层影响.将河流空间结构特征理论引入京杭大运河遗产保护研究,通过将不同历史时期运河形态化的景观空间结构转化为可度量的连通度指标,分析大运河景观表象下社会人文与自然地理2方面因素的作用机制,使大运河景观遗产理论研究更加深入、科学、完整,进而完善大运河景观遗产保护体系.     

Persian Gardens and Landscapes

The verdant gardens of ancient Persia are a testament to this highly developed culture's resourcefulness and ability to not only source and direct water and irrigate the land in a hostile environment, but then to transform it into a manmade paradise. Here, Nasrine Faghih and Amin Sadeghy provide a historic outline of Persian garden typologies and their evolution over time, providing a focus on the central kiosk within the enclosed garden, highlighting the synergy between climate, resources and place.