Vapour phase hydrogenation of olefins by formic acid over a Pd/C catalyst

It has been found that ethylene and propylene could be effectively hydrogenated by formic acid vapour over a Pd/carbon catalyst at low temperatures (<440 K). Surface hydrogen formation from formic acid is the rate-determining step for this hydrogenation reaction. Interaction of this hydrogen with the olefins is then fast. The conversion of formic acid in the presence of either of the olefins at any temperature is higher than in their absence. This has been explained by a much lower surface hydrogen concentration in the presence of the olefins. Direct experiments have confirmed that hydrogen inhibits the formic acid decomposition. Water vapour addition has a small positive effect on the decomposition of formic acid as well as on the hydrogenation of the olefins with formic acid. Catalysts consisting of gold supported on carbon or titania are both active in the production of hydrogen from formic acid. However, in contrast to the Pd/C catalyst, neither gives hydrogenation of the olefins with this acid.     

光泵甲酸分子远红外激光研究

用波长为10.6μm的连续CO2激光对HCOOH分子进行泵浦产生了743μm的远红外激光。对泵浦源的设计进行了理论分析和实验研究。测定了远红外激光的输出功率、偏振方向和泵浦效率,且输出为高斯光束,输出功率为7.3mW,泵浦效率为3.6×10-4,并对远红外激光输出的稳定性及泵浦效率进行了分析。     

H_2O_2/HCOOH体系氧化脱除模拟柴油中二苯并噻吩的研究

以H2O2和HCOOH混合液作为氧化剂,考察了H2O2/HCOOH体系对模拟柴油中二苯并噻吩(DBT)的氧化性能。在反应温度为50℃,反应时间为1 h,氧化剂中H2O2与HCOOH的体积比为1:1,氧化剂与模拟柴油的体积比为1:15的条件下,二苯并噻吩的脱除率可达98%。     

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic investigation of CO2 reduction on polyaniline in methanol

The ac response of polyaniline thin films on platinum electrodes was measured at different dc potentials during the CO₂ reduction in methanol/LiClO₄ electrolyte with a small amount of 0.5 M H₂SO₄. The complex capacitance curves were simulated and the data obtained were used to calculate kinetic parameters, based on the assumption that the thermodynamic potential E₀ is in the region of −0.2-−0.1 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE). With E₀=−0.2 V versus SCE and β=0.6, a j₀ value of ca. 10⁻⁴ A cm⁻² was found for the electroreduction of CO₂ on the polyaniline electrode.     

Chemical studies of anthocyanins: A review

Anthocyanins are natural colorants which have raised a growing interest due to their extensive range of colours, innocuous and beneficial health effects. Despite the great potential of application that anthocyanins represent for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, their use has been limited because of their relative instability and low extraction percentages. Currently, most investigations on anthocyanins are focused on solving these problems, as well as their purification and identification.     

BiZnx/Si光电阴极的制备及其CO2还原性能研究

将CO₂转化为高附加值的化学品是实现碳循环, 缓解能源危机和环境问题的有效途径之一。金属与半导体复合电极, 利用光电耦合技术为CO₂转化提供了一种新思路。本研究通过电沉积的方法在碱刻蚀处理后的Si片上制备了双金属Bi、Zn共修饰的Si基光电阴极(BiZn_x/Si), 用于CO₂的光电催化还原。研究表明, 引入金属Bi和Zn能够改善光的吸收性能, 降低电化学阻抗, 提高电化学活性比表面积(ECSA)。其中, BiZn₂/Si最优的光电极电化学比表面积可达0.15 mF·cm^-2。除此之外, 研究发现双金属共同作用有助于增强电极对中间体*OCHO的吸附作用, 在-0.8 V(vs. RHE)电势下, 最优的光电阴极BiZn₂/Si生成HCOOH的法拉第效率高达96.1%。更重要的是, 光电阴极BiZn₂/Si的光电流强度在10 h内维持-13 mA·cm^-2, 表现出良好的性能稳定性。