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21.
以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)作为溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)过程的先驱体,在酸、碱性催化剂作用下制备环氧树脂(EP)用硅溶胶。探讨了酸、碱性条件下乙醇和水的用量对sol-gel过程的影响,并采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)法对硅溶胶的结构进行了表征与分析。结果表明:在酸性(或碱性)条件下,n(乙醇)∶n(TEOS)=2∶1(或4∶1)、n(TEOS)∶n(水)=1∶2是最佳配比;酸性条件下制取的液态硅溶胶体系比较均匀,并具有线型结构;碱性条件下制取的液态硅溶胶具有体型结构,并且易团聚在一起,形成微粒聚集体。 相似文献
22.
23.
目的通过三乙烯四胺和苯甲酸合成IMBT,再利用IMBT、H3PO3和甲醛经过曼尼希反应制得IMBTM,并探究其对碳钢在HCl水溶液中的缓蚀作用。方法采用动态失重法、电化学技术以及热力学等方法研究缓蚀剂IMBT和IMBTM在60℃、1 mol/L的盐酸溶液中对10#碳钢的缓蚀性能和吸附规律。结果利用IR对产物进行表征,均得到了产物特征峰。在动态失重试验中,IMBT和IMBTM两种缓蚀剂的质量浓度为3 g/L时,碳钢的腐蚀速率分别为3.92、2.94 g/(m2·h),缓蚀剂的缓蚀率分别为79.65%和84.75%。极化曲线试验表明随着两种缓蚀剂浓度增加,腐蚀电位正移,阳极电流密度下降明显。交流阻抗的测试显示随着两种缓蚀剂浓度增大,容抗弧半径逐渐增大,且在相同浓度下,添加IMBTM时的容抗弧半径更大。另外,随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加,拟合参数Rct增大、Cdl减小,证明缓蚀剂在金属表面取代了水,并吸附成膜。研究等温吸附模型,发现数据带入Langmuir等温吸附方程后,表现出了很好的线性关系。结论在1 mol/L HCl溶液中,IMBT和IMBTM对10#碳钢均有缓蚀作用,且IMBTM的缓蚀作用较高。两种缓蚀剂均属于阳极型缓蚀剂,对阳极的缓蚀作用较高。且两种化合物在10#碳钢表面上的吸附过程为自发放热过程,其吸附规律遵循Langmuir等温吸附式,属于单分子层吸附。 相似文献
24.
AMT在碳钢-5%HCl体系中的缓蚀行为及其机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用极化曲线、失重和EIS等方法研究了AMT(2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑)在碳钢/5%HCl体系中的缓蚀行为和机理.研究表明AMT在该体系中表现为混合型缓蚀剂,其缓蚀机理可归因于几何覆盖效应,在电极表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附热约为27.10kJ/mol左右,其EIS图谱在自腐蚀电位下与空白一样,只有一个时间常数,但一定程度阴极极化时出现低频吸附容抗 相似文献
25.
1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢在HCl溶液中的空蚀行为 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
利用磁致伸缩空蚀实验机研究了1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢在HCl溶液中的空蚀行为,利用扫描电镜(SEM)跟踪观察了试样表面的空蚀形貌,测量了静态和空蚀条件下的极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS),分析了腐蚀和氢对空蚀损伤的影响,结果表明:在0.1mol/LHCl溶液中,加工硬化能力高的1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢的抗空蚀性能优于水轮机常规用材0Cr13Ni5Mo;当盐酸浓度增大为0.5mol/L时,阳极溶解和氢的共同作用促进1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢表面裂纹的形核和失稳扩展,裂纹扩展、连接引起材料大量脱落,使1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢的抗空蚀性能大大劣化,反而不如0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢. 相似文献
26.
Kaoru Abe Yasuhiro Sakurai Akira Okuyama Kazuhiro Sasaki Kei Tawarada 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2009,89(6):1097-1100
BACKGROUND: The behavior of cadmium in ecosystems needs to be monitored because of the human toxicity of this heavy metal. The need recently arose for a simple and quick on‐site test for trace levels of Cd in food and environmental samples. In response, an immunochromatographic assay kit for detecting Cd was manufactured by Kansai Electric Power Co. of Japan. This kit uses the antigen–antibody complex reaction between the Cd–EDTA complex and an anti‐Cd–EDTA antibody and shows the results in terms of the degree of color developed on a test paper. We previously reported the successful use of this kit to determine Cd concentrations in brown rice. Here, we applied the kit to the determination of Cd concentrations in rice foliage and soil. RESULTS: Cadmium in rice foliage was not extracted successfully by the method used for brown rice. However, it was successfully extracted by 0.1 mol L?1 HCl solution at a rice foliage:HCl ratio of 1:20, and coexisting metals were removed sufficiently by the column treatment. The Cd concentrations determined by immunochromatographic assay were well correlated with the values obtained by acid decomposition and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The 0.1 mol L?1 HCl‐extractable Cd concentration in soil was also determined successfully with the kit. CONCLUSION: Approximate Cd concentrations in rice plants and 0.1 mol L?1 HCl‐extractable Cd concentrations in soil can be monitored easily and quickly by this method at locations where facilities for acid digestion and precision analysis are not available. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
27.
Reports an error in "Alpha-adrenergic receptors in hypothalamus for the suppression of feeding behavior by satiety" by D. L. Margules (Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 1970[Oct], Vol 73[1], 1-12; see record 1971-03588-001). On page 3, paragraph 1 of the Method section, the angle of implantation of cannulas was 6° from the perpendicular; in paragraph 2 of the Method section, the following sentence was omitted: All rats were maintained on a reversed dark-light cycle (lights off at 0800 hr. and on at 2000 hr. EST) and were drugged in the dark. On page 10, paragraph 6, line 10 of the Discussion section, "abolishes" should read "enhances." In "Precocious mating in male rats following treatment with androgen or estrogen" by Michael J. Baum (Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 1972[Mar], Vol. 78[3], 356-367; see record 1972-22393-001), on page 367 the date of receipt should read August 24, 1970. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
28.
用TOA—CCl4萃取盐酸介质中的金 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了TOA-CCl4体系萃取盐酸介质中Au(Ⅲ)的机理。用分配比法及饱和容量法确定平衡萃合物组成为TOAH·AuCl4TOAH·Cl,饱和萃合物组成为TOAH·AuCl4;计算出萃取反应平衡常数kex,N=10835及萃取反应热△H298=-8041kJ/K·mol,反应为放热反应,且进行趋势较大;借助紫外、红外光谱分析,确定萃取反应属离子缔合机理。 相似文献
29.
The hydrodechlorination of 1,2‐dichloropropane (DCPA), a chlorinated organic waste which is produced in the epichlorohydrin
process, to propylene was carried out over Ni/SiO2 catalysts. The effects of Ni loading and calcination temperature on catalyst performance and catalyst deactivation of Ni/SiO2 were systematically investigated. The Ni/SiO2 catalysts efficiently converted DCPA into propylene in 95% selectivity or higher. The particle size of Ni on SiO2 was strongly related to the catalyst stability. In terms of the effect of Ni loading, the largest Ni particles on SiO2 showed the best durability against deactivation. A series of TPR and UV‐DRS measurements revealed that nickel hydrosilicate
was formed as the result of the interaction between Ni and SiO2. Nickel hydrosilicate was found to be responsible for the catalyst stability leading to low catalyst deactivation. HCl adsorption
on Ni/SiO2 was the main reason for catalyst deactivation. HCl modified the crystal structure of metallic Ni to NiCl2 and led to irreversible deactivation and metal sintering.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
30.
SO2 and HCl are major pollutants emitted from waste incineration processes. Both pollutants are difficult to remove completely and can enter the catalytic reactor. In this work, the effects of SO2 and HCl on the performance of Rh/Al2O3 and Rh-Na/Al2O3 catalysts for NO removal were investigated in simulated waste incineration conditions. The characterizations of the catalysts were analyzed by BET, SEM/EDS, XRD, and ESCA. Experimental results indicated the 1%Rh/Al2O3 catalyst was significantly deactivated for NO and CO conversions when SO2 and HCl coexisted in the flue gas. The addition of between 2 and 10 wt.% Na promoted the activity of the 1%Rh/Al2O3 catalyst for NO removal, but decreased the CO oxidation and BET surface area. The catalytic activity for NO removal was inhibited by HCl as a result of the formation of RhCl3. Adding Na to the Rh/Al2O3 catalyst decreased the inhibition of SO2 because of the formation of Na2SO4, which was observed in the XRD and ESCA analyses. SEM mapping/EDS showed that more S was residual on the surface of the Rh-Na/Al2O3 catalyst than Cl. 相似文献