基于预测的最长队列优先调度算法

提出了一个基于预测的最长队列优先(PLQF)调度算法,该算法不仅考虑队列当前长度,还考虑了即将到来的流量信息,根据这一信息,资源被分配给最可能发生溢出的用户,通过预先调整队列长度以满足即将到来的流量,降低了丢包率(CLR),同时提高了缓存的利用率。理论分析表明,PLQF算法可以获得比传统LQF算法更低的CLR,仿真结果证实了PLQF算法的CLR只有传统LQF算法的10%~60%。     

一种适合众核MPI的托管式消息模型

以异构多核为特征的众核处理器已成为处理器技术的主流发展方向,如何在众核上实现高效、可用的MPI将逐渐成为一个研究热点。本文首先介绍了众核MPI的研究现状,然后结合已有的研究成果提出一种适合众核MPI的消息模型,最后对MPI在众核上的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Clustering-based adaptive low-power subframe configuration with load-aware offsetting in dense heterogeneous networks

Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) and cell densification represent promising solutions for the surging data traffic demand in wireless networks. In dense HetNets, user traffic is steered toward the Low-Power Node (LPN) when possible to enhance the user throughput and system capacity by increasing the area spectral efficiency. However, because of the transmit power differences in different tiers of HetNets and irregular service demand, a load imbalance typically exists among different serving nodes. To offload more traffic to LPNs and coordinate the Inter-Cell Interference (ICI), Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has facilitated the development of the Cell Range Expansion (CRE), enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (eICIC) and Further enhanced ICIC (FeICIC). In this paper, we develop a cell clustering-based load-aware offsetting and an adaptive Low-Power Subframe (LPS) approach. Our solution allows the separation of User Association (UA) functions at the User Equipment (UE) and network server such that users can make a simple cell-selection decision similar to that in the maximum Received Signal Strength (max-RSS) based UA scheme, where the network server computes the load-aware offsetting and required LPS periods based on the load conditions of the system. The proposed solution is evaluated using system-level simulations wherein the results correspond to performance changes in different service regions. Results show that our method effectively solves the offloading and interference coordination problems in dense HetNets.     

A rear-end collision risk assessment model based on drivers’ collision avoidance process under influences of cell phone use and gender—A driving simulator based study

Driver’s collision avoidance performance has a direct link to the collision risk and crash severity. Previous studies demonstrated that the distracted driving, such as using a cell phone while driving, disrupted the driver’s performance on road. This study aimed to investigate the manner and extent to which cell phone use and driver’s gender affected driving performance and collision risk in a rear-end collision avoidance process. Forty-two licensed drivers completed the driving simulation experiment in three phone use conditions: no phone use, hands-free, and hand-held, in which the drivers drove in a car-following situation with potential rear-end collision risks caused by the leading vehicle’s sudden deceleration. Based on the experiment data, a rear-end collision risk assessment model was developed to assess the influence of cell phone use and driver’s gender. The cell phone use and driver’s gender were found to be significant factors that affected the braking performances in the rear-end collision avoidance process, including the brake reaction time, the deceleration adjusting time and the maximum deceleration rate. The minimum headway distance between the leading vehicle and the simulator during the rear-end collision avoidance process was the final output variable, which could be used to measure the rear-end collision risk and judge whether a collision occurred. The results showed that although cell phone use drivers took some compensatory behaviors in the collision avoidance process to reduce the mental workload, the collision risk in cell phone use conditions was still higher than that without the phone use. More importantly, the results proved that the hands-free condition did not eliminate the safety problem associated with distracted driving because it impaired the driving performance in the same way as much as the use of hand-held phones. In addition, the gender effect indicated that although female drivers had longer reaction time than male drivers in critical situation, they were more quickly in braking with larger maximum deceleration rate, and they tended to keep a larger safety margin with the leading vehicle compared to male drivers. The findings shed some light on the further development of advanced collision avoidance technologies and the targeted intervention strategies about cell phone use while driving.     

Surface energy-mediated fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast responses on nanostructured diamond

Nanostructured diamond have potential applications in many biomedical related fields and demonstrated extraordinary capacity to influence cellular responses. Studying the surface property of nanodiamond and its influence to protein adsorption and subsequent cellular responses along with the mechanism behind such capacity becomes more important. Here the role of surface energy associated with nanostructured diamond in modulating fibronectin and osteoblast(OB, bone forming cells) responses was investigated. Nanocrystalline diamond(NCD) and submicron crystalline diamond(SMCD) films with controllable surface energy were prepared by microwave-enhanced plasma chemical vapor deposition(MPCVD) techniques. Fibronectin adsorption on the diamond films with varied surface energy values was measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and the relationship between the surface energy and fibronectin adsorption was studied. The result indicated that fibronectin adsorption on nanostructured surfaces was closely related to both surface energy and material microstructures. The spreading and migration of OB aggregates(each containing 30–50 cells) on the NCD with varied surface energy values were also studied. The result indicates a correlation between the cell spreading and migration on nanodiamond and the surface energy of nanostructured surface.     

树突状细胞算法原理及其应用

描述树突状细胞的生物学机理,给出树突状细胞算法(DCA)的设计、实现及改进过程。介绍DCA在计算机网络、无线传感器网络、实时嵌入式系统和机器人学等方面的应用情况,对算法性能进行评价。基于标准数据集,将DCA与其他方法进行比较,分析DCA存在的问题,指出其下一步的研究方向。     

一种基于区域访问概率的容迟网络路由算法

延迟容忍网络泛指没有稳定端到端传输路径的无线网络,广泛应用于太空网络、乡村网络、移动传感网络、Ad hoc网络等等,具有重要的研究意义.其路由问题极具挑战性,是当前的一个研究热点.本文针对基于区域单元(Cell)移动模型的延迟容忍网络,提出一个基于区域访问概率的路由算法--PROAREA算法.已有的算法主要通过节点间的相遇概率来指导路由决策,而PROAREA算法则通过各节点访问区域单元的概率估算出了节点间数据传输的期望延迟,从而能够直接使用期望延迟来指导路由决策,具有更好的效果.实验结果表明,与延迟容忍网络中的Epidemic算法和PROHET算法相比,PROAREA算法的传输成功率平均提高了15%和6.95%,而平均传输延迟平均降低了46.7%和40.2%.     

基于Cell多核处理器的层次化运行时支持技术

基于Cell处理器的异构多核架构及软件显式管理的多级存储层次,使其面临编程困难和性能难以有效发挥等问题.现有基于Cell/B.E.的编程模型多侧重于支持类似于流处理的批量访存(bulk data transfer)应用,传统非规则访存应用性能较低.通过扩展Cell/B.E.访存库增强协处理单元的自主作用,以协处理单元为中心建立Cell计算平台上的MPI和弱一致性Pthread分层并行编程运行时支持.分层的运行时支持结构及扩展后的Cell/B.E.访存库使模型具有更好的效率和可扩展性,并且提高了非规则应用的性能;模型中的MPI方便了大量传统并行应用向新架构的移植及开发,而弱一致性Pthread则为MPI提供高效的任务运行时管理支持及为系统级用户提供对架构全面控制的编程接口.实验结果表明,提出的运行时支持技术不仅可适应不同应用的要求,同时借助访存库中的剖分优化机制可有效地挖掘Cell/B.E.架构性能.     

Cell处理器上软件缓存的设计与实现

在 Cell异构多核处理器上,并行程序对不规则共享数据的访问延迟较大,共享数据的一致性维护困难。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于扩充Location Consistency存储模型一致性协议的软件缓存。测试结果表明,该软件缓存能够缩短近40%的共享数据访问时间,有效提高并行程序的执行效率。