Fatty acid composition of egg yolk phospholipid fractions following feed supplementation of Lohmann Brown hens with humic-fat preparations

The effect of feed supplementation with humic-fat preparations on the fatty acid composition of egg yolk phospholipid fractions was studied. The Lohmann Brown was the experimental hen strain and two feeding mixtures were applied – the standard feed and the mixture supplemented with humic-fat preparations. The fatty acid profile of yolk lipids was significantly affected (P = .05) by the supplementation of feed and total increase of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was established. A different distribution of n-3 PUFA in egg yolk lipid fractions was observed: α-linolenic acid (18:3) was found in the triacylglycerol fraction, whereas docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) was detected in the phospholipid fractions. Supplementation of the hen’s diet with humic-fat preparations resulted in the production of n-3 enriched eggs with decreased n-6/n-3 ratio in all phospholipid fractions in comparison to the eggs from the control group.     

Effects of initial albumen quality and mineral oil–chitosan emulsion coating on internal quality and shelf‐life of eggs during room temperature storage

Effects of mineral oil (MO) and mineral oil–chitosan emulsion (MO:CH = 25:75) as coatings on internal quality and shelf‐life of eggs were evaluated during 5‐week storage at 25 °C. Eggs with three different initial albumen qualities [Haugh unit (HU): H = 87.8, M = 75.6 and L = 70.9] were evaluated. As storage time increased, HU and yolk index values decreased whereas weight loss increased. Coating with MO and/or 25:75 MO:CH emulsion could preserve the internal quality for at least 4 more weeks for H‐eggs and at least 3 more weeks for M and/or L‐eggs, all with weight losses <0.92%. All coated eggs had >70% positive purchase intent, and their colour differences at week 0 could not be detected by naked human eye (ΔE^* < 3.0, noncoated eggs as reference). Consumers significantly differentiated freshly MO‐coated from noncoated eggs on overall surface appearance. This study demonstrated that MO and 25:75 MO:CH emulsion coatings could preserve internal quality and prolong shelf‐life of eggs.     

Copper (I) ion stabilized on fe3o4‐core ethylated branched polyethyleneimine‐shell as magnetically recyclable catalyst for ATRP reaction

Branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI) was used to modify the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles coated with silica layer, and then, it was treated with ethyl iodide to prepare Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ethylated‐bPEI. In the next step, the yolk–shell structure was gained by selectively etching the SiO₂ middle layer. Finally, copper(I) was introduced to the yolk–shell Fe₃O₄@Ethylated‐bPEI and the activity of the catalyst was evaluated for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, led to obtain the well‐defined polymer with relatively low polydispersity. The toxicity of the residual copper in the polymer product was a limiting issue for applicability of ATRP reactions especially for biological purposes. In this report, the copper content in the polymer was reduced to the excellent value of 1.1 ppm. Moreover, the magnetic isolation, recyclability, and remove the need for an external ligand were other advantages of the synthesized catalyst which makes it suitable for employing in ATRP reactions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42337.     

ICP-OES法同时测定蛋制品中铅、锌、铜含量

建立了同时测定蛋制品中铅、锌、铜三种金属元素等离子体原子发射光谱检测方法。样品经微波消解前处理后,处理液进ICP测定。结果显示:3种金属元素的线性范围较宽,相关系数均(r)为0.999以上,检出限分别为0.8、0.4和1.0 mg/kg。该方法稳定可靠、操作简单、试剂消耗量小。     

成都市售皮蛋中重金属铅、锌含量的分析

以成都市部分市场的皮蛋为样品,以铅、锌含量为检测对象。采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅的含量,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定锌的含量。实验结果表明,皮蛋中Pb含量为0.20~0.31μg/g,Zn含量为11.39~17.02μg/g。根据国家标准规定,传统工艺生产的皮蛋Pb含量最高标准为3.00μg/g,其他工艺生产的皮蛋Zn含量最高标准为20.00μg/g。实验结果与国家皮蛋中重金属含量标准相比,成都部分市场的皮蛋中的锌与铅的含量均在安全范围内。     

超声波均质和GOD脱糖预处理鸡蛋清

考察了超声波均质及葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)脱糖对鸡蛋清(CEW)粘度、蛋清中溶菌酶浓度和活力的影响. 结果表明,超声波均质和GOD脱糖均能有效降低蛋清的粘度,从而得到低粘度的均匀料液. 但随着超声波功率的增加和超声处理时间的延长,溶菌酶的浓度及活力呈下降趋势. 而经GOD脱糖处理后的料液溶菌酶活力随GOD加入量的增大而降低,浓度则先升高后下降. 将两种处理方法结合使用,料液粘度可以降至4.0 mPa×s,此时溶菌酶损失19.48%,酶活降低19.13%.     

双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测鱼糜制品中鸡蛋卵白蛋白

目的 建立双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, sELISA)法检测鸡蛋卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)的方法,组装定量检测鱼糜制品中OVA含量的ELISA检测试剂盒。方法 确定各步骤反应时间,使用棋盘法确定捕获抗体和检测抗体的最佳工作浓度,建立检测方法并对其性能进行评价。结果 反应最佳条件为:抗原孵育20 min,检测抗体孵育20min,酶促反应显色10 min。兔抗OVA抗体为捕获抗体,工作质量浓度为1μg/mL,辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase, HRP)标记兔抗OVA抗体为检测抗体, 1:5000 (V:V)稀释。采用四参数逻辑曲线拟合标准曲线,所建立sELISA方法的检测范围为8.5～200.0 ng/mL,检出限为3.5 ng/mL,定量限为8.5 ng/mL。批次内和批次间的变异系数分别为2.31%～4.58%和6.06%～12.23%;鱼糜基质中的回收率为80%～130%;测得28种常见食物样品中4种样品的交叉反应率小于0.002%;试剂盒在4℃保存6个月期间,...     

用蛋清合成氨基酸锌的研究

本文首次报道了以鸡蛋清为原料,经过一系列化学处理,变为游离氨基酸,再与硫酸锌反应,合成氨基酸锌。产品经质检和卫生防疫站检测,各项匀指标均达到标准,经临床使用。对儿童有很好的补锌作用,且易于吸收,经济效益可观,有利于企业的生产．     

蛋形耐压壳设计与分析

基于蛋壳几何学特性,开展了蛋形耐压壳结构设计与性能分析。根据鹅蛋形状扫描、宏观尺寸统计试验,研究蛋壳圆度、体积、表面积及蛋形系数分布规律,建立体积方程、表面积方程及蛋形函数;设计了4 km水深蛋形耐压壳,并定量分析其安全性、储备浮力、空间利用率、水动力学特性等性能;采用正交试验,研究长轴、短轴、厚度对蛋形耐压壳性能影响规律。结果表明,鹅蛋壳为高度对称结构,其蛋形系数符合均值为0.69的正态分布;蛋形耐压壳具有良好的综合性能,其中厚度是影响强度的重要因素,长轴次之,短轴最小;长轴是影响屈曲的重要因素,厚度次之,短轴最小;厚度是影响浮力系数重要因素,短轴次之,长轴影响最小;长轴是影响空间利用率的重要因素,短轴次之,厚度影响最小;水动力学特性主要受短轴影响。     

蛋黄卵磷脂制备工艺及超临界CO_2脱蛋黄油实验研究

对用超临界CO_2萃取技术制备蛋黄卵磷脂的几种典型工艺进行了归纳、分析和比较。根据选择的工艺,对关键设备萃取器料筒进行了改进,通过正交试验,探讨了萃取压力、温度、时间、料筒层数等条件对蛋黄油脱除率的影响规律。