Time-dependent smoke yield and mass loss of pool fires in a reduced-scale mechanically ventilated compartment

Technical and pure grades of the combustibles heptane and dodecane were used in a series of small-scale fire tests conducted in a 1 m³ compartment that was mechanically ventilated at 5 and 8 air changes per hour (ACH). Combustible mass loss rates, soot mass concentrations, soot size distributions, several gas species concentrations, and compartment temperatures were measured during the fire. Results for the two pure-grade hydrocarbons were compared with results obtained for their respective technical grades. Technical-grade dodecane produced the highest soot emissions; pure n-heptane produced the lowest. Soot size distributions of all four combustibles attained a steady profile whose modal diameter was about 200 nm. Underventilated fires showed higher carbon monoxide yields than soot yields. Both compartment ventilation rates produced similar results, although the fire self-extinguished earlier for 5 ACH.     

塔里木盆地塔中地区原油轻烃组成特征及其意义

塔里木盆地塔中地区原油总体上相对富含链烷烃,贫芳烃,苯的含量很低,正己烷和己烷含量较高,处于高成熟阶段,所经历的最高温度为115~128℃,除个别井原油表现为高K1值外,其他样品K1值与M ango所做的结论一致。