基于UGNX的五坐标数控编程后处理程序开发应用

针对UGNX平台下的五坐标数控铣削编程后处理程序开发,以PostBuilder为环境,详细介绍了其五坐标数控铣削机床的后处理程序开发的关键技术,包括PostBuilder后处理开发模式、五坐标机床运动学原理配置、TCL语言应用等方面,并以FIDIA KR214六坐标高速铣削加工中心的后处理开发为实例进行应用说明。     

Feasibility study of the minimum quantity lubrication in high-speed end milling of NAK80 hardened steel by coated carbide tool

High-speed milling of hardened steels generates high cutting temperature and leads to detrimental effects on tool life and workpiece surface finish. In this paper, feasibility study of the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in high-speed end milling of NAK80 hardened steel by coated carbide tool was undertaken. Flood cooling and dry cutting experiments were conducted also for comparison. It is found that cutting under flood cooling condition results in the shortest tool life due to severe thermal cracks while the use of MQL leads to the best performance. MQL is beneficial to tool life both in the lower speed cutting and the higher speed cutting conditions. A less viscous oil of MQL is essential in high cutting speed so that cooling effect can be effective. SEM micrograph of the insert shows that the use of MQL in high-speed cutting can delay welding of chips on the tool and hence prolongs tool life as compared with dry cutting condition. The application of MQL also improves machined surface finish in high-speed milling of die steels.     

Quality improvement of ball-end milled sculptured surfaces by ball burnishing

In this paper, the use of the ball burnishing process to improve the final quality of form tools (moulds and dies) is studied. This process changes the roughness of the previously ball-end milled surfaces, achieving the finishing requirements for plastic injection moulds and stamping dies. Ball burnishing can be easily applied in the same machining centres as those used for milling. In this way, both lead times and production costs can be dramatically reduced.

Both the burnishing system and its main parameters are taken into account, considering their influence on finishing. Workpiece surface integrity is ensured due to the surface smoothing effect of process and the associated cold working. Examples of different materials, machined surfaces, and industrial applications are explained, with respect to the maximum and mean surface roughness achieved.

The main conclusion is that using a large radial depth of cut in the previous ball-end milling operation, together with a small radial depth during burnishing can produce acceptable final roughness. Savings of production times are high, as burnishing is applied using the maximum linear feed of the machine, while milling must be made at moderate feeds. Moreover, ball burnishing NC programming is less critical and needs less care in its definition than CAM for milling.     

Manufacturing a TiAl alloy by high-energy ball milling and subsequent reactive sintering

A TiAl alloy was fabricated by high-energy ball milling and subsequent reactive sintering from the mixed powders of Ti and Al. High-energy ball milling produced a kind of particular composite powders with an extremely fine altemative Ti and Al lamella structure. The composite powders not only possessed good consolidation and densification characteristics, but also resulted in the augment of nucleation rate of α and γ titanium aluminides during solid-phase reactive sintering After a series of processing, pressing, degassing, extrusion, and sintering, the resultant TiAl alloy presented high relative density and refined grain sizes of （α2 ＋ γ） lamella and γ phases. The compressive yield strength of the sintered TiAl reached 600 MPa at 800℃.     

不锈钢搅拌桨铸造毛坯的CAD/CAM

开发了搅拌桨型值点计算软件模块，可完成搅拌桨铸造毛坯的型值点计算。以UG集成软件为平台，建立了搅拌桨铸造模型的三维数据模型；利用UG的CAM模块，生成木模的数控加工程序，研究了多轴数控铣削加工工艺，应用五轴联动铣削搅拌桨毛坯木模；并对搅拌桨铸造毛坯进行了检测及误差分析，为毛坯余量的设定提供了依据。     

HA/Ti composite for biomedical application by mechanical milling

In order to overcome the poor mechanical properties of HA and the low bioactivity of Ti,HA/Ti composites with various compositions were prepared by mechanical milling.The effects of milling condition and the composition on the microstructure,the density and the hardness of the composites were studied.The results show that during the ball milling process.Ti particles are refined and the homogeneity of the HA/Ti mixtures is improved;HA will partially decompose due to the existence of Ti and high sintering temperature.The microstructure of HA/Ti composites is highly dependent on the milling condition and the composition.In the microstructure.Ti phase connects to be a continuous network,and HA/Ti mixtures disperse in the network.The longer the milling time,the finer the network will be.The density of HA/T composites decreases with the content of HA increasing and the milling time prolonging,because HA deteriorates the sinterability of Ti.The hardness of HA/Ti composites increases firstly with the content of HA increasing,and then drops when the content of HA exceeds 30%.Addition of HA will strengthen the HA/T composite but will decrease the density of the composite,which accounts for the effect of HA on the hardness of the composites.     

数学处理在数控铣削中的应用

用数控铣床加工机械零件时,由于铣削方法或铣削刀具等工艺条件的限制,对于由直线、圆弧、非圆曲线、空间曲线和曲面等组成的轮廓曲线必须进行相应的数学处理,合理安排工艺路线,才能进行数控编程,加工出与设计要求相符的图形形状.     

巧编数控电火花加工的定位程序

阐述了模具电火花加工的定位工艺方法，通过巧妙编程实现了模具数控电火花加工的定位．对灵活使用数控电火花加工机床具有实用的参考价值。     

3种分散剂对ITO浆料稳定性能的影响

选用3种分散剂(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、柠檬酸三铵、β-丙氨酸),通过球磨分散法制备ITO浆料,通过考察球磨分散时间和分散剂量对ITO浆料稳定性能的影响,分析比较不同分散剂对浆料稳定性作用,并探究其分散机理。结果表明:3种分散剂分散机制均为静电和空间位阻稳定作用;在相对ITO粉体质量比为5%、最佳球磨分散时间为48 h时,在15 d内ITO浆料的RSH可维持在10%以内;3种分散剂对ITO浆料稳定性的影响由强至弱的顺序为:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮>β-丙氨酸>柠檬酸三铵,与其在溶液中酸碱性强弱顺序一致,其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的分散效果最好。     

Effect of ball milling process on the microstructure of titanium-nanohydroxyapatite composite powder

Titaninm-nanohydroxyapatite （Ti-nHA） composite powders, composed of titanium with 10 vol.% and 20 vol.% of nano-hydroxyapatite, were milled in a planetary ball mill using alcohol media to avoid excessive heat. XRD and SEM were performed for characterization of the microstructure, and the homogeneity of Ti/HA nanocomposite powder was evaluated by EPMA with prolonged ball milling time. The results show that under the condition of wet milling, the grain size of Ti-nHA composite powders is decreased with the increase in ball milling time and the amount of the addition of nHA. While for milling of 30 h, the nanocomposite powder with free structure, which consists of the nano-hydroxyapatite （nHA） particles and titanium （Ti） phase, is obtained. Three stages of milling can be observed from the dement mapping of Ti, Ca, and P by EPMA; meanwhile, it is found that the nHA would be more homogenously distributed after milling for 30 h.