水平井分段酸压管柱技术研究

针对建南气田水平井层段的非均质性差异和破裂压力高的特点,需要采取分段高压酸化压裂措施改造。设计水平井分段高压酸化压裂管柱,通过管柱受力分析,达到优化管柱设计,工艺可行,耐高压,易解封的目的,为水平井分段高压酸化压裂措施施工提供一种有效的管柱工艺技术。     

醋酸正丁酯生产中硫酸用量对中和操作的影响

研究了在醋酸正丁酯工业化生产中催化剂硫酸用量对中和反应的影响，分析了产生这种影响的原因。     

Ozonation of Humic Substances: Effects on Molecular Weight Distributions of Organic Carbon and Trihalomethane Formation Potential

Four different sources of humic substances were studied to determine the effects of ozonation on molecular weight-distributions, based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). Solutions of two soil-derived fulvic acids and a one soil-derived humic acid, as well as dissolved organic matter (DOM) associated with a natural water source were studied. Both gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ultrafiltration (UF) were employed to define apparent molecular weight (AMW). Applied ozone doses ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 mg O₃/mg DOC. Overall samples of untreated and ozonated waters, as well as individual molecular weight fractions, were characterized according to DOC, UV absorbance, and THMFP. Ozonation resulted in a significant disappearance of higher AMW material with a corresponding increase in lower AMW material. Although little overall reduction in DOC concentration was observed, significant overall reductions in UV absorbance and THMFP levels were observed.     

粉煤灰负载钒氧化物低温SCR催化剂脱硝性能研究

目前,我国电厂普遍采用SCR法高含尘工艺对烟气中的NOx进行脱硝,催化剂存在严重堵塞、中毒等问题,SCR法低含尘工艺越来越引起重视。为了制备SCR法低含尘工艺中的低温SCR脱硝催化剂,本文将钒氧化物负载在粉煤灰和膨润土混合制成的复合材料载体上,制成V2O5/FA-BT催化剂,同时分别用全自动比表面及孔隙度分析仪(Micromeritics Tristar 3 000)和扫描电子显微电镜(SEM)对催化剂的比表面积和表面形貌进行表征。结果表明:不同V2O5负载量的V2O5/FA-BT催化剂在低温下有很好的脱硝效果,其中以V2O5负载量(质量分数)为11%的V2O5/FA-BT脱硝效果最好,当反应温度为130℃时,脱硝率达到89%;对催化剂进行酸改,CH3COOH酸改的催化剂比表面积较大且脱硝效果最好。     

硅藻土纯化处理工艺研究进展

硅藻土具有良好的物理、化学特性,被广泛的应用于填料、建材、农业、化工等多个领域。我国硅藻土虽然储量多,分布广,但是多数矿床杂质含量高,不能直接利用。合理的选择纯化工艺以及新的纯化工艺的开发已经成为该领域未来研究的热点。从物理纯化法、化学纯化法和物理-化学联合纯化法三个方面对目前硅藻土的提纯方法进行了归纳整理,在此基础上,提出了获得高品位、高比表面积硅藻土的纯化方案新构想,以期能在具体工业生产中具有一定的指导意义。     

箭竹1井胶凝酸酸压返排液处理及回注技术

胶凝酸主要由盐酸和胶凝剂配制而成,在低渗透碳酸盐岩地层压裂时,盐酸溶蚀地层,沟通缝隙。胶凝酸与地层岩石的化学反应在2小时内完成,返排液中的残酸用以NaOH为主的碱中和剂处理,通过中和、沉降、过滤、杀菌等一系列处理后回注地层。     

Inhibition of pure iron by new synthesized tripyrazole derivatives in HCl solution

Inhibitory effect of some new synthesized tripyrazole compounds on corrosion of pure iron in 1 M HCl solution has been studied using weight-loss measurements and various electrochemical techniques polarization and impedance spectroscopy methods. The inhibiting action is more pronounced with N,N,N-tris[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl] amine (P1), and its inhibition efficiency increases with its concentration and attains the maximum value of 94% at the 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ M. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of iron was studied in the range from 298 to 353 K with and without P1 at 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ M. We note a good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical methods potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Polarization measurements show also that the compound acts mixed inhibitor. The catholic curves indicate that the reduction of proton at the pure iron surface happens within a pure activating mechanism. EIS measurements show the increase of the transfer resistance with the inhibitor concentration. The presence of the N,N,N-tris[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl] amine increases the inhibition efficiency and not caused a drastic change in its adsorption mechanism. The adsorption of P1 on the surface of iron in 1 M HCl obeys a Langmuir isotherm adsorption.     

Poly(N-methylaniline) coatings on stainless steel by electropolymerization

Poly(N-methylaniline) (PNMA) coatings have been electropolymerized on 304 stainless steel alloy by potentiodynamic, galvanostatic and potentiostatic synthesis techniques from aqueous solutions of 0.1 M N-methylaniline (NMA) and 0.3 M oxalic acid. Characterization of PNMA coatings was carried out by cyclic voltammetry, UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. Corrosion behavior of PNMA coated stainless steel electrodes was investigated using linear anodic potentiodynamic polarization, Tafel test, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques in 0.5 M aqueous HCl solutions. Corrosion test results showed that PNMA coatings possessed protection to uncoated stainless steel against corrosion.     

An investigation of chloride-substituted Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors for steel

Polarization and impedance measurements were performed on steel in deaerated 5% HCl solution with and without Schiff base additives within the concentration range 1 × 10⁻⁴–5 × 10⁻³ mol/dm³. The Schiff base compounds used were salicylaldimine, R, N-(2-chlorophenyl)salicyaldimine, 2Cl-R, N-(3-chlorophenyl)salicyaldimine, 3Cl-R, and N-(4-chlorophenyl)salicyaldimine, 4Cl-R. It was found that when the concentration of the inhibitors were increased the inhibitor efficiencies, η, also increased with increasing surface coverage. The results indicated that the ortho-substituted (2Cl-R) compound had the highest inhibition efficiency. All the Schiff base additives studied obeyed the Langmuir isotherm.     

Electrochemical corrosion characteristics of ZrNi5−xCox alloys

The electrochemical corrosion behaviour of a series of ZrNi_5−xCo_x alloys with x=0-4 has been tested using potentiokinetic polarisation technique. The polarisation curves were measured in deaerated 0.5 M sulphate solutions with pH=0.2-7 and in strong alkaline solution of KOH (pH=15). It is shown that the presence of greater amounts of Co in the alloy (x?2) worsens the passivating properties of the alloy in acidified sulphate solutions. On the other hand, in strong alkaline solutions, both low- and high-cobalt alloys undergo stable passivation. The degree of Ni substitution by Co in the alloys does not generally affect the shape of cathodic polarisation curves.