Organic-inorganic hybrid materials from a new octa(2,3-epoxypropyl)silsesquioxane with diamines

Hybrid materials based on a new polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, octa(2,3-epoxypropyl)silsesquioxane (OE) with diamines of 4,4′-methylenedianiline (DDM) and 5-trifluoromethyl-1,3-phenylenediamine (FPA) were prepared and characterized. OE was synthesized from cage-structured octaallylsilsesquioxane (OA) with m-chloroperbenzoicacid. The FTIR studies suggested that the N-H bond in diamines was not completely reacted with epoxy group due to steric hindrance and also extensive hydrogen bonding existed in the hybrid materials. The retention of the cage structure in the prepared hybrid materials was suggested by the FTIR and ²⁹Si NMR studies. The OE/FPA hybrid materials had superior thermal/mechanical characteristics than the OE/DDM due to the higher rigidity of the FPA than that of DDM or the silicon-fluorine interaction enhancing crosslinking reaction or hydrogen bonding. The prepared OE/FPA had a T_g of 170 °C, which was higher than diglycidyl ether of bisphenyl A (DGEBA)/DDM at the same stoichiometric ratio. It also had excellent thermal, mechanical, and dielectric characteristics with high storage modulus of 1.8 GPa (30 °C) and 0.3 GPa (250 °C), low coefficient of thermal expansion of 86 μm/m °C, and dielectric constant of 2.19. Thus, it can be high performance materials with potential applications for electronic packaging.     

医疗健康数据的模糊粗糙集规则挖掘方法研究

医疗健康数据通常属性较多,且存在连续型、离散型并存的混合数据,这在很大程度上限制了知识发现方法对医疗健康数据的挖掘效率。以模糊粗糙集理论为基础,研究混合数据上的分类规则挖掘方法,通过引入规则获取算法的泛化阈值,来控制获取规则集的大小和复杂程度,提高粗糙集知识发现方法在医疗健康数据上的分类效率。最后通过对比实验验证了该算法在医疗决策表上挖掘规则的有效性。     

基于混合PSO的高斯混合模型地形分类

提出了一种基于改进的混合粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法的高斯混合模型地形分类方法。高斯混合模型的求解通常是使用期望最大化算法(expectation maximization,EM),然而EM算法易陷入局部最优,收敛速度不稳定且对初值敏感。因此引入混合PSO算法,并对其进行了一系列改进。实验结果表明:改进后的算法较其它优化算法提高了全局搜索能力和收敛速度,利用该算法求解高斯混合模型可以提高参数估计的精度,并且在户外场景图像的地形分类实验中所提出的地形分类方法也表现优良。     

Modification of zeolite surfaces by Grignard reagent

New microporous hybrid organic/inorganic materials were obtained by modification of zeolites using chlorination of their surface, followed by treatment with a Grignard reagent. Loading of butyl groups and retained crystallinity of ZSM-5 type zeolites was higher than for zeolites Y. In contrast to zeolites Y, the lattice parameters of zeolites ZSM-5 increased after surface modification. The obtained hybrid materials on the basis of high-silica zeolites possess a high degree of crystallinity at increased hydrophobicity.     

Defining anchor lengths of steel and CFRP plates bonded to concrete

At Luleå University of Technology, research is taking place in the area of plate bonding, i.e. when concrete members are strengthened by bonding steel or fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) plates to their surface. The research work started in 1988. Both comprehensive experimental work and theoretical work have been performed. This paper presents the results of tests performed on concrete prisms onto which steel or carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) plates have been bonded. The criteria for the necessary anchor lengths for both the materials are presented as well as the critical strain level in the concrete at failure. Tests are compared with the Volkerson theory for lap joints. The results from the tests show that there is a specific anchor length for each material used. The tests also show that the strain limit in the concrete is the governing factor for failure. Furthermore, a compression between test and theory shows that the derived elastic theory can be used for moderate levels of load.     

Integrating hybrid systems with existing thermal desalinationplants

In Gulf countries, most power plants are co-generation power desalting plants (CPDP) that generate electric energy and also produce fresh water through the desalination of seawater. This paper provides detailed technical and economical analyses to evaluate a new generation of dual purpose technology that includes the integration of reverse osmosis (RO) processes with existing thermal desalination processes and power generation (triple hybrid system) at Layyah plant, Sharjah, UAE. Hybridization of sweater reverse osmosis (SWRO) and the multi-stage flash (MSF) technology was considered to improve the performance of latter and reduce the cost of the produced water. Moreover, “idle” power in winter (seasonal surplus of unused power) was mainly utilized by RO to further reduce the cost of the hybrid system for six months of the year. Spinning reserve was also used to further reduce the cost of the proposed hybrid system. Integration ofthe three processes of MSF, MED, and RO desalination technologies could be made at different levels through which the resulting of water cost will depend on the selected configuration and the cost of materials of construction, equipment, membrane, energy, etc. Thus, the capital and annual operating costs were calculated for all potential alternatives for various plant capacities. It was found that for all plant capacities, integrated hybrid systems resulted in most cost effective solution. For example, at a capacity of 50 MIGD, the present worth of the cost was calculated to be 588.7, 443.2, and 380 million US$ for MSF, MED, and hybrid RO systems, respectively.     

DES_RSA及其混合算法的加密速度研究

为了在保证安全性的前提下提高大量数据加密的加密速度,本文通过DES和RSA算法的分析,针对DES算法密钥安全性差和RSA算法加密速度慢的问题,提出DES和RSA混合算法.对比DES和RSA两种算法加密所需时间,就RSA算法耗时长的问题,通过几种可行的大素数判定算法分析,提出改进的大素数判定算法.在保证安全性的前提下,将改进的大素数判定算法应用于RSA算法中,提升了加密速度.由于改进算法加密速度仍远差于DES算法,不适合大量数据加密.因此在兼顾安全性与加密速度的基础上,提出DES和RSA混合加密算法.经分析该算法综合了前两种算法的优点,是一种理想的加密算法.     

Adhesive bonding of stainless steel water tubing

The use of an adhesive to bond stainless steel water tubing, allowing stainless steel fittings to be employed, is considered and compared with the more conventional use of compression or capillary copper fittings together with a soft solder. Tests carried out to determine environmental effects on adhesively bonded stainless steel tubing suitable for domestic water supply, and the strengths of these joints, are described. It has been found that acrylic anaerobic adhesives are suitable for bonding tubing carrying cold water, the joints attaining superior strength to the copper-soldered ones; a reasonable degree of flexing can also be tolerated. It would appear that certain selected adhesives may also be used in joints carrying hot water.     

Effects of apitong (Dipterocarpus spp.) extractives on bond strength development and curing rate of adhesives

Emulsion polymer isocyanate ( ), polyvinyl acetate ( ) and resorcinol-formaldehyde ( ) adhesives were used to produce single lap shear specimens using resinous and non-resinous apitong (Dipterocarpus spp.) timbers. Tests showed that joints made with highly resinous apitong were about 40% weaker than similar joints made with non-resinous apitong. The resinous apitong was treated with different solvents to yield five different extractives which were characterized by infra-red analysis. Apitong extractives were then added to and adhesives and joints made with buna (Fagus crenata), a timber known to be low in extractives and easy to bond. Joints prepared using extractive-containing adhesives were generally weaker than those made with the unmodified adhesives. RF adhesives containing extractives cured more slowly than unmodified . It is thought that the acidic nature of the extractives changes the pH of the system sufficiently to affect the curing mechanism     

Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis of Complicated Structure with Bolted Joints

A contact bolt model is proposed as a new modeling technique to investigate the complex structure with bolted joints for modal analysis and compared with the coupled bolt model,and the test results are given.Among these models,the coupled bolt model provides the best accurate responses compared with the experimental results.The contact bolt model shows the best effectiveness and usefulness in view of operational time.The bolt models proposed in this study are adopted for a dynamic characteristic analysis of...