As—Mo—V杂多酸盐催化苯酚羟基化制对苯二酚

合成了As-Mo-V杂多酸的十六烷基吡啶盐,元素分析和红外光谱表明,所合成的杂多酸盐具有Keggin结构。以As-Mo-V杂多酸的十六烷基吡啶盐为催化剂,苯酚过氧化氢羟基化选择合成对苯二酚时,反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、H2O2用量对催化性能有很大的影响。所确定的最佳反应条件为:反应温度78℃,w(催化剂)/w(苯酚)=0.4%,n(H2O2)/n(苯酚)=0.25,w(乙腈)/w(苯酚)=2,反应时间为2h。此时,苯酚的转化率为17.1%,对苯二酚的选择性为87.3%,邻苯二酚的选择性为6.6%。     

低负载量Ru-W-B/NaY催化剂的制备及其加氢性能

通过浸渍-化学还原法制备出了一系列低负载量的钌基催化剂，在Ru-B二元催化体系中加入少量W，催化剂催化性能显著提高，且采用反加法、超声波辅助法及添加分散剂PEG对载体NaY进行涂覆，进一步改良了Ru催化剂的加氢性能。采用XPS、H2-TPD、XRD、SEM、ICP-OES等一系列表征手段对催化剂物相结构、组成、形貌等进行详细表征，发现采用反加法、添加W、超声波辅助、使用PEG对载体NaY进行涂覆制备的催化剂活性金属粒子分散更均匀，活性位数量更多。以对苯二酚加氢制1，4-环己二醇为探针反应对所制备的催化剂进行活性测试，发现Ru-W-B/NaY-IUP（1500）0.6加氢性能最为优越，对苯二酚转化率为99.7 %，1，4-环己二醇选择性为92.3 %，而钌负载量仅为0.45 %。此外，研究了反应液pH值对加氢反应的影响，发现反应液pH值对反应结果的影响巨大，当反应液呈碱性时，其反应速率得到极大提高，说明碱性环境更有利于对苯二酚加氢制1，4-环己二醇。     

固体酸催化合成氢醌单甲醚的研究

研究了采用固体酸为催化剂,以氢醌和甲醇为原料,苯醌为助剂,合成氢醌单甲醚.发现添加助剂苯醌,可大大提高氢醌转化率和氢醌单甲醚收率.在重量比氢醌/苯醌为6:1,氢醌/催化剂为1.5:1的条件下,氢醌转化率87%,氢醌单甲醚摩尔收率98%.反应过程中不生成氢醌二甲醚.固体酸催化剂可反复多次使用.     

The Effect Of Preozonation On The Control Of Trihal Omethane Formation

A study was made to obtain a better understanding of the manner in which preozonation affects trihalomethane (THM) formation with respect to humic acid, citric acid, and 11 aromatic compounds which were components of humic acid, all in dilute aqueous medium. Ozonation before chlorination is able tonotonly decrease, butalso increase the concentrations of THM precursors. The compounds which are inherently high THM precursors, such as resorcinol, aniline, salicyl-aldehyde, phenol, andp-hydroxybenzoic acid, are controlled with respect tothe increase inthe amount ofozone consumed, but the compounds which have essentially no or alow potential for chloroform formation, such as hydroquinone. salicylic acid, methoxybenzene. benzaldehyde. and benzole acid, produce their maximum THM levels at a certain value of ozone consumed. When 1mg of organic carbon consumes more than 8 mg of ozone, THM formation from thetested aromatic compounds isdepressed by ozone.

Aliphatic carbonyl compounds which are the products resulting from the ozonation of aromatic compounds are not significant THM precursors. The preozonation of humic acid is not as effective in reducing its THM formation potential (THMFP) as when simple aromatic compounds are treated. However, the organic materials in the effluent from a biological treatment process usually have a high THMFP, in comparison with organic compounds which are contained in raw wastes. Therefore, there is a limitation in the effectiveness of utilizing biological treatment to remove the precursors of THM.     

氢醌单乙酸酯的合成

本文采用易于制备的负载型碱K2CO3－AI2O3合成了氢醌单乙酸酯。实验结果表明氢醌与乙酸酐在极性溶剂中反应的产率较高,在乙酸乙酯中反庆氢醌单乙酸酯产率达58．9％,而在非极性溶剂甲苯中反应氢酯单乙酸酯产率较低。     

碳糊电极溶出伏安法同时测定废水中两种酚类污染物

通过自制碳糊电极的阳极溶出伏安法,富集与测量相结合,同时测定了胶片洗印废水中的痕量对甲氨基苯酚硫酸盐和１,４－二羟基苯,并对碳糊电极的富集机理作了探讨。     

Photocatalytic hydroxylation of phenol with Fe–Al-silicate photocatalyst: A clean and highly selective synthesis of dihydroxybenzenes

Photocatalytic hydroxylation of phenol to catechol and hydroquinone in liquid phase over a novel heterogeneous photocatalyst Fe–Al-silicate was investigated with the assistance of UV irradiation at 365 nm at room temperature. The catalyst was characterized by BET, BJH, FT-IR, UV–vis DRS and XRD. The effects of various parameters (types and amount of co-solvent, amount of catalyst, reaction time and amount of H₂O₂) on photocatalytic hydroxylation of phenol were studied to explore the better reaction conditions. In this study, phenol conversion could reach high up to 64.9%, with a total selectivity of 95% and the yield of 39.3%, 22.3% for catechol and hydroquinone, respectively.     

相转移催化法合成1,4-二丁氧基苯

以水为溶剂,在相转移催化剂四丁基溴化铵和氢氧化钾存在的条件下,对苯二酚和溴代正丁烷反应合成了1,4-二丁氧基苯。通过对水的用量、相转移催化剂种类及用量和反应时间的考察,得出了较适宜的合成条件:对苯二酚0.1 mol,溴代正丁烷0.21 mol,氢氧化钾0.21 mol,水10 mL,相转移催化剂四丁基溴化铵用量为1.5 mmol,反应时间4 h,所得产率可达94%。     

电催化处理含酚废水实验研究

通过静态实验对比研究了模拟含酚废水在二维电解槽和三维电解槽中的电化学氧化过程,考察了支持电解质浓度、电解电压以及初始pH值对对苯二酚去除效果的影响,比较了两种电解系统对含酚废水的处理效果。结果表明:对苯二酚去除率随电解质浓度增大而先增大后减小;随施加电压的增加,对苯二酚的去除率有所提高;接近中性的条件下有利于对苯二酚的去除。三维电极系统可在较低的支持电解质浓度条件下操作,更有利于含酚废水的有效处理。在pH=7的条件下,对苯二酚去除率可达90%以上。     

辣根过氧化物酶传感器的研究──对苯二酚为电子传递体

用牛血清白蛋白和戊二醛把辣根过氧化物酶固定在对苯二酚修饰的电极上,制成过氧化氢传感器。该酶电极对过氧化氢有良好的响应,对苯二酚还原电流的增值与过氧化氢浓度在2×10（－7）～2×10（－3）mol／L范围内有良好的线性关系,该传感器灵敏度高,检出限为10（－7）mol／L,对过氧化氢的响应时间小于25s。