新型高效除草剂噻磺隆合成新工艺

介绍了以氯甲酸甲酯和2-羧甲基-3-磺酰氨基噻吩为起始原料合成除草剂噻磺隆的方法。原料2-羧甲基-3-磺酰氨基噻吩与氯甲酸甲酯生成2-甲氧羧基-3-磺酰氨基甲酸甲酯噻吩，再与2-氨基-4-甲氧基-6-甲基均三嗪反应生成噻磺隆。避免了异氰酸酯路线的种种缺点，具有收率高、含量高和成本低的特点。以2-羧甲基-3-磺酰氨基噻吩计，总收率为77．73％，原药纯度达到93．6％。     

非异氰酸酯法合成除草剂异丙隆

报道了以氯甲酸甲酯为起始原料合成除草剂异丙隆的方法。考察了原料配比,反应温度和反应时间对反应的影响。结果表明,氯甲酸甲酯法制除草剂异丙隆,总收率为82.7%,原药纯度达95%。     

固体Ti（SO4）2催化合成苯甲酸甲酯

以固体Ti(SO4) 2 为催化剂、苯甲酸和甲醇为原料合成了苯甲酸甲酯。考察了催化剂用量、反应时间、醇酸比对酯产率的影响。实验结果表明 ,最佳实验条件为 :在 6 5～ 75℃下 ,催化剂用量为 8% (占苯甲酸质量分数 )、反应时间为 3h、甲醇与苯甲酸用量比为 10∶1,所得到的酯产率达 93 0 %。     

粗异戊烯的醚化

研究了苯磺酸型树脂催化的异戊烯和甲醇的醚化,考查了温度、醇烯比和空速对反应的影响。结果表明在反应温度为59～67℃、甲醇与异戊烯的摩尔比值为1 4～1 6、液时空速为1 1～1 5h-1时反应的转化率大于70%。     

甲酸甲酯合成与转化的催化技术

本文评述了甲酸甲酯(MF)合成与转化的催化技术,展示了从MF出发发展C_1化学的可能途径,在MF的合成方面详细地分析了从甲醇出发的羰化法、脱氢法和氧化法催化技术,简介了我们的有关研究工作。     

粗苯甲酸甲酯醇解合成苯甲酸丁酯的工艺研究

研究开发了由对苯二甲酸二甲酯生产过程中副产物粗苯甲酸甲酯合成苯甲酸丁酯的工艺过程。分酯过量与醇过量两种情况分别考察了反应配料比、催化剂用量、反应温度和回流比对转化率的影响 ,确定了最佳工艺条件。实验表明 ,在钛酸酯存在下 ,当醇酯摩尔比为 1.5∶1、催化剂用量为 1%、回流比为 2∶2时 ,反应转化率达 82 .79%。     

二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯的合成进展

二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯是一种重要的合成香料,目前尚未见有直接从天然产物中提取的产业化文献报道,其香气独特优异,性质稳定,对其合成方法的研究一直是化学工作者们的科研热点。本文对其合成方法的研究进行了综述。     

Feeding response of Ips paraconfusus to phloem and phloem metabolites of Heterobasidion annosum-inoculated ponderosa pine,Pinus ponderosa

In studies of feeding by the bark beetle, Ips paraconfusus, two pine stilbenes (pinosylvin and pinosylvin methyl ether), ferulic acid glucoside, and enantiomers of the four most common sugars present in ponderosa pine phloem (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and raffinose) did not stimulate or reduce male feeding when assayed on wet -cellulose with or without stimulatory phloem extractives present. When allowed to feed on wet -cellulose containing sequential extracts (hexane, methanol, and water) of ponderosa pine phloem, methanol and water extractives stimulated feeding, but hexane extractives did not. Males confined in wet -cellulose containing aqueous or organic extracts of culture broths derived from phloem tissue and containing the root pathogen, Heterobasidion annosum, ingested less substrate than beetles confined to control preparations. In an assay using logs from uninoculated ponderosa pines, the mean lengths of phloem in the digestive tracts increased as time spent feeding increased. Males confined to the phloem of basal logs cut from ponderosa pines artificially inoculated with H. annosum ingested significantly less phloem than beetles in logs cut from trees that were (combined) mock-inoculated or uninoculated and did not contain the pathogen. However, individual pathogen-containing treatments were not significantly different from uninoculated controls. It was concluded that altered feeding rates are not a major factor which may explain why diseased ponderosa pines are colonized by I. paraconfusus.     

吸收剂量对二甲基硅橡胶与甲基乙烯基硅橡胶分子量和凝胶含量的影响

将ＧＰＣ和特性粘数［η］测定相结合，在室温和－７８℃下，用Ｃｏ~（６０）辐射源辐照，研究了二甲基硅橡胶（ＭＱ，吸收剂量２．０５×１０~３～３．９７×１０~４Ｇｙ）和甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（ＭＶＱ，吸收剂量１０~２～１０~４）分子量和凝胶含量的变化。结果表明，辐照ＭＶＱ较辐照ＭＱ易生成凝胶，在凝胶点前的较低吸收剂量时，溶胶的分子量出现极大值，分子量分布曲线呈单峰；随吸收剂量的增加，分子量分布变窄，分子量降低；出现凝胶的吸收剂量，ＭＱ大约是ＭＶＱ的１０倍。辐照ＭＱ时，凝胶点前的溶胶的分子量分布曲线为双峰，并随吸收剂量的增加，双峰消失，分子量下降；在凝胶点时，分子量出现极大值。     

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil using Heterogeneous KF/ZnO Catalyst

Biodiesel was produced by transesterification of soybean oil with methanol using ZnO loaded with KF as a solid base catalyst. It was found that the catalyst with 15 wt.% KF loading and calcined at 873 K showed the optimum activity. XRD, IR and Hammett indicator method were employed for the catalyst characterization. The results showed the activity of the catalysts was correlated with their basicity. The influence of various reaction variables on the conversion was also discussed.