A method of predicting the number of clusters using Rand's statistic

Distributional and asymptotic results on the moment of Rand's C_k statistic were derived by DuBien and Warde [1981. Some distributional results concerning a comparative statistic used in cluster analysis. ASA Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, 309–313.]. Based on those results, a method to predict the number of clusters is suggested by applying various agglomerative clustering algorithms. In the procedure, the methods using different indexes are examined and compared based on the concept of agreement (or, disagreement) between clusterings generated by different clustering algorithms on the set of data. Our method having practical generality works better than the other methods and assigns statistical meaning to C_k values in determining the number of clusters from the comparison.     

1993: Axline's eight principles of play therapy revisited.

Examined V. Axlines's book, Play Therapy (1947) which includes 8 basic principles on non-directive play therapy. Student responses to learning these principles in play therapy classes were also examined. Each student was assigned a play therapy client and was observed and assisted directly by the instructor, a licensed clinical psychologist. Clients were mildly trouble children (aged 5–10 yrs) and were selected from a referral base by the instructor as appropriate for the course. As the semester progressed and students gained direct experience, weekly small (3–4 student) group discussions were held to explore in-depth understanding of play therapy principles and how these principles are put into practice. It is concluded that Axline's book remains a classic text and a foremost resource in the field. Coupling it with experiential learning is an invaluable basis for teaching play therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Texture analysis of poly-adenylated mRNA staining following global brain ischemia and reperfusion

Texture analysis provides a means to quantify complex changes in microscope images. We previously showed that cytoplasmic poly-adenylated mRNAs form mRNA granules in post-ischemic neurons and that these granules correlated with protein synthesis inhibition and hence cell death. Here we utilized the texture analysis software MaZda to quantify mRNA granules in photomicrographs of the pyramidal cell layer of rat hippocampal region CA3 around 1 h of reperfusion after 10 min of normothermic global cerebral ischemia. At 1 h reperfusion, we observed variations in the texture of mRNA granules amongst samples that were readily quantified by texture analysis. Individual sample variation was consistent with the interpretation that animal-to-animal variations in mRNA granules reflected the time-course of mRNA granule formation. We also used texture analysis to quantify the effect of cycloheximide, given either before or after brain ischemia, on mRNA granules. If administered before ischemia, cycloheximide inhibited mRNA granule formation, but if administered after ischemia did not prevent mRNA granulation, indicating mRNA granule formation is dependent on dissociation of polysomes. We conclude that texture analysis is an effective means for quantifying the complex morphological changes induced in neurons by brain ischemia and reperfusion.     

多氯代9,10-菲醌的热力学性质及稳定性的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对135个多氯9,10-菲醌(PCPQ)系列化合物进行全优化和振动分析,得到各分子在298.15K,101.3kPa状态下的热力学参数。设计等键反应,计算了PCPQ系列化合物的标准生成焓(ΔfHθ)和标准生成自由能(ΔfGθ)。用SPSS13.0对这些热力学参数与氯原子的取代位置及取代数目(NPCS)进行多元线性回归,得出相关方程。结果表明:PCPQ系列化合物的Sθ、ΔfHθ和ΔfGθ与NPCS之间有很强的相关性。根据异构体标准生成自由能的相对大小,从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性。同时,发现氯原子取代模式对扭角(C-C(=O)-C(=O)-C)有很大的影响。     

平均应变对0Cr18Ni10Ti钢随机循环应力-应变关系的影响规律

试验研究了平均应变对0Cr18Ni10Ti管道钢随机循环应力．应变关系的影响规律从节约试样和试验费用角度，提出了改进的极大似然疲劳试验法，以应变比分别为-1、-0．52、-0．22、0．029．0．18和0．48完成了104个试样的应变控制疲劳试验。揭示出材料具有Masing行为和完全平均应力松弛特征，现有平均应变理论无法表征其影响。因此．首先基于Ramberg-Osgood方程，应用广义极大似然法有效地测定出各应变比的材料随机循环应力-应变关系。通过比较各应变比的循环应力幅均值、循环应力幅均方差和概率循环应力幅，揭示出高可靠性管理时．平均应变具有降低循环应力幅作用，应变比接近0时最显著．偏离逐渐减弱，说明了研究平均应变效应．仅考虑均值．可能给出错误评价；必须综合考虑均值、均方差和样本量3因素才能给出合理评价。     

筒形构件下端框振动试验中断裂的失效分析

对振动试验中断裂的筒形构件下端框进行了化学成分分析、扫描电镜断口分析、金相检验、构件受力分析等.结果表明,下端框断裂的性质为脆性断裂,裂源主要位于下端框Ⅱ-Ⅳ方位(与振动时X方向相近)的直角处,其断裂的性质为低周疲劳.下端框断裂及疲劳寿命低的主要原因是下端框LD10锻件原材料的各向异性,另外下端框结构上直角处应力集中,下端框壁厚较薄在振动时所受的应力较大都对疲劳裂纹的形成和扩展起到促进作用.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+荧光性能研究

研究了柠檬酸为络合剂的溶胶-凝胶法制备的BaMgAl10O17Eu2+蓝色荧光粉的荧光性能,考察了Eu 2+掺杂量和晶化温度等因素对荧光粉的紫外和真空紫外波段激发的荧光性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射分析,探讨了Eu2+掺杂量引起的晶胞参数和荧光粉发射波长的变化.结果表明BaMgAl10O17Eu2+随着Eu2+掺杂量的增加,除荧光强度发生变化外,发射光谱的波长发生红移;真空紫外波段激发,Eu2+的最佳添加量为0.1,紫外波段激发下为0.12,发射峰波长均为450 nm;晶化时间2小时,温度在1300℃以上更好.     

不同底层(Ag, Ti, Cu, Pt)对[Fe/Pt]n多层膜磁性的影响

利用磁控溅射的方法, 在热玻璃基片上制备了[Fe/Pt]n多层膜, 经不同温度真空热处理后, 得到L10有序结构的FePt薄膜(L10-FePt).实验结果表明 [Fe/Pt]n多层膜结构可使FePt薄膜的有序化温度由500 ℃降到350 ℃, 350 ℃退火20 min后其平行膜面矫顽力可达到421.8 kA·m-1.同时以Ag, Ti, Cu和Pt做底层, 利用[Fe/Pt]n多层膜结构制备了FePt薄膜, 磁性和X射线衍射结果表明 与[Fe/Pt]n多层膜相比, 四种底层均没有进一步降低FePt薄膜的有序化温度, 其中Ag做底层对[Fe/Pt]n多层膜退火后的平行膜面矫顽力影响较小, 但能够提高其垂直磁各向异性;其他底层均会降低[Fe/Pt]n多层膜在高温退火时的平行膜面矫顽力, 且对其垂直磁各向异性无改善作用.     

纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末烧结行为的研究

本文研究了机械合金化制备的纳米晶WC 10Co复合粉末的真空烧结特征 ,分析了孔隙度、显微硬度随绕结时间延长和烧结温度升高的变化规律 ,考察了一种新型抑制剂的作用。结果表明 :在 132 5℃ / 15min的烧结条件下 ,样品的相对密度达到了 98%以上 ;烧结样品的显微硬度随着烧结时间的延长和烧结温度的升高先增加后降低 ,并且在 132 5℃ / 15min的条件下其硬度为 2 2 95MPa ;新型抑制剂A既有利于晶粒长大的控制 ,同时又有利于材料致密化的进行 ,显著地提高了合金的性能。     

HTR-10全厂断电试验

10MW高温气冷实验堆在电气系统的设计中,针对全厂断电设计基准事故采取了相应的处理措施,在10MW高温气冷实验堆热态性能调试期间进行了全厂断电试验,用以验证10MW高温气冷实验堆应急供电系统的功能,结果表明,在发生全厂断电的设计基准事故时,由蓄电池组支持的不间断交流电源装置可以可靠地保证各专设安全设施完成其安全功能,并能为反应堆事故监测提供20小时的电力供应。