冶金因素对低合金钢点蚀诱发敏感性的影响

通过极化试验对4种低合金钢的点蚀诱发敏感性作了比较,并结合显微分析对4种钢点蚀诱发敏感性的差异机理做了探讨,结果表明：钢中夹杂物与合金元素是影响低合金钢点蚀诱发敏感性差异的主要原因。     

帘线钢夹杂物熔化温度与变形状态的研究

使用热力学软件FactSage计算固定CaO、MgO含量的MnO-SiO2-Al2O3渣系相图低熔点区(≤1 500℃),及固定MnO、MgO含量的CaO-SiO2-Al2O3渣系相图低熔点区;同时按照扫描电镜能谱分析得到的帘线钢盘条中夹杂物成分,用分析纯试剂配制夹杂物,测定其熔化温度,将其标在相图中相应位置,并与FactSage计算的熔点结果对比.结果表明,夹杂物熔化温度测定结果与FactSage计算结果基本相符,在此基础上,讨论了夹杂物熔点与变形状态的关系.     

精密铸造型壳缺陷分析

分析了精密铸造型壳的两种缺陷——"浆片"夹杂物、"型壳面层脱落"形成的原因。浆片夹杂物是因为蜡模之间配合处或浇注系统与蜡模之间存在缝隙形成的。型壳面层脱落是因为热膨胀导致结合面的结合不紧或组树不当造成的。这两种缺陷通过改变蜡模结构、组树方式、改变浇注方式等措施避免。     

履带钢低倍缺陷原因浅析

针对履带钢成品低倍试验后存在肉眼可见的贯穿“裂纹”缺陷进行分析,发现缺陷是由大量夹杂物经酸洗腐蚀后形成的易腐蚀线;结合履带板轧制孔型设计基本原理,计算出该缺陷在未轧制前位于连铸坯心部位置,推断该缺陷是由连铸坯心部缩孔引起;针对连铸坯心部缩孔提出纠正预防措施。     

热轧辊轴承失效分析

通过对热轧辊轴承失效件的化学成分，金相组织，夹杂物观察，表层碳浓度和表面硬度测量，剥落块显微形貌分析，结果表明轴承工作面产生早期失效的原因是：较大尺寸的夹杂物在切应力的作用下萌生微型纹成为疲劳源，疲劳裂纹倾斜扩展至表面从而导致轴承圈工作面产生剥落损伤。     

贝氏体钢内水冷穿孔顶头的粘钢及防止措施

从顶头生产工艺控制的角度,分析了贝氏体钢内水冷穿孔顶头产生粘钢的原因、特点和机制,指出掉鼻、缺肉是顶头粘钢的另一种更为严重的失效形式,强化熔炼工艺控制和保证夹杂物总量在A0.5B1C0.5D1级水平,粘钢问题可以得到有效控制。     

铝压铸件中的硬质点及硬质金属杂质相

研究了铝合金压铸件中的硬质点和基体材质较硬区中几种硬质金属杂质相（如ＡｌＳｉＭｎＦｅ等）的形貌和本质,讨论了它们产生的原因,并提出了防止的措施。     

铸钢件裂纹与钢中夹杂物关系及减少措施

钢中夹杂物是铸钢裂纹产生的主要原因,同时对钢的质量和力学性能等有很大影响,必须严格控制.外来夹杂物可以根据其来源采取相应措施加以去除,而内生夹杂物却需通过脱氧工艺及钙处理工艺新技术加以控制.在冶炼过程中,要加强时脱氧、脱硫、去夹杂物、去气体等冶炼操作,并在炉后钢包内采取必要的措施,如加稀土进行变质处理等来改变夹杂物的形状,减少夹杂物,以降低铸钢裂纹倾向.     

Effect of Mo and Cu on stress corrosion cracking of ferritic stainless steel in chloride media

Stress corrosion cracking behaviour of ferritic stainless steels with copper and molybdenum additions in 42?wt-% boiling magnesium chloride at 143?±?1°C has been determined. The nature of the corrosion products was analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS results show that the presence of Fe(0), Cr(0) and Mo(0) unoxidised states on the crack tips of (copper+molybdenum) addition ferritic stainless steel cannot form the stable passive film and causes the further corrosion in the chloride solution. The addition of both copper and molybdenum to 19% Cr ferritic stainless steel causes stress corrosion cracking. The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking increases with the growth of ε-copper precipitates, and the fracture mode changes from transgranular to intergranular with the increasing aging time. Stress corrosion cracking initiates from pitting of ε-copper phases, then propagates to molybdenum atoms, and finally propagates to the other ε-copper precipitations perpendicular to the direction of maximum strain.     

Influence of surfactants on electrodeposition of a Ni-nanoparticulate SiC composite coating

Abstract

Nickel coatings containing well-dispersed, submicron (150–500?nm) silicon carbide particles were electrodeposited on copper from an agitated, modified Watts nickel electrolyte at 60°C using current densities of 10–100?mA?cm^??2. Coumarin additions (0–5?g?dm^??3) to a bath containing 10?g?dm^??3 SiC at 6?A?dm^??2 resulted in lower microhardness but considerably reduced abrasive wear in the composite coatings. Over 20 other surfactants including anionic, cationic, and non-ionic types were evaluated for their influence on the surface and tribological properties of the nanocomposite coatings. The surfactant levels (typically 0–3?g?dm^??3) were chosen to give good particle dispersions in the bath while avoiding any obvious deposit quality problems. Coating microhardness (via nanoindentation measurement), surface coefficient of friction (COF) and abrasive wear performance of the coatings under three-body, water-based conditions were investigated. The surfactants affected the degree of silicon carbide nanosized particles incorporated into the coating, from 5 to 54?vol.-%, and altered the surface microstructure from a matte to a bright surface finish and from porous to nodular, compact coatings. The nickel-nanosized silicon carbide composite coatings showed improved resistance to abrasive wear compared to a plain nickel (PN) deposit by a factor of 2–20.