单模聚焦微波辐射酶促合成PLA-PEG-PLA三嵌段共聚物

采用Discover微波精确有机合成系统及其单模聚焦微波辐射技术与空压气体同步冷却技术,分别以脂肪酶和辛酸亚锡为催化剂,聚乙二醇(PEG)为大分子引发剂引发消旋丙交酯(D,L-LA)开环聚合制备PLA-PEG-PLA共聚物,通过正交实验研究了功率、催化剂种类和用量、时间和温度对共聚物产率的影响,确定了最佳合成条件.在此...     

透明耐热聚乳酸共混材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备聚乳酸(PLLA)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)透明共混材料.DSC测试结果表明,共混材料只出现一个玻璃化转变温度,说明PLLA/PMMA共混材料在宏观上不发生相分离.力学性能研究发现,PLLA/PMMA共混材料的弯曲强度、抗冲击强度和拉伸强度均优于纯PLLA及纯PM-MA.Avrami指数表明,PM...     

聚左旋乳酸/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯共混物的结构与性能

通过熔融共混制备出一系列不同组成比的聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/醋酸锌(Zn(OAc)2)样品,通过扫描电子显微镜、动态力学性能分析仪、差示扫描量热仪及力学性能测试等,研究了不同PBS及Zn(OAc)2含量对PLLA/PBS共混物的形态结构、结晶性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,PLLA和PBS属于非相容体系,Zn(OAc)2的加入能降低PBS相区的尺寸,提高PLLA/PBS体系的相容性,且质量分数为0.05%时增容效果最佳;PBS的加入可有效提高PLLA的结晶速率和结晶度;随着PBS含量的增加,共混物的断裂伸长率和冲击韧性与纯PLLA相比显著提高,共混物的断裂伸长率均在300%以上;当PLLA/PBS/Zn(OAc)2质量比为80/20/0.05时,共混物的综合性能最优。     

聚乳酸-壳聚糖接枝共聚物的制备及性能

以L-乳酸(LLA)和壳聚糖(CS)为原料,4-(二甲胺基)吡啶(DMAP)及N,N′-二环己基碳酰亚胺(DCC)为催化剂在室温下,通过直接缩合方法制备了聚乳酸-壳聚糖接枝共聚物(PLLA-CS)。采用IR、1H-NMR及薄板毛细渗透法对其结构进行了表征。探讨了原料配比、催化剂用量、LLA的二氯甲烷溶液浓度、反应时间等对共聚物收率和亲水性的影响。得到最佳工艺条件:-NH2∶LLA为1∶15,DCC∶LLA为1∶1,LLA的二氯甲烷溶液浓度为1.88 mol/L,反应时间为24 h。此方法合成路线短、反应条件温和。聚乳酸-壳聚糖接枝共聚物具有良好的细胞亲和性,有望成为一类优良的组织工程材料。     

可降解碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合材料的制备及性能

利用丙交酯的开环聚合反应成功地制备了单壁碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合材料, 研究了其降解性和热稳定性。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、 Raman光谱、 热失重分析(TGA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究, 证明乙二醇功能化的单壁碳纳米管能够参与丙交酯的开环聚合反应, 并在碳纳米管侧壁成功接枝聚乳酸链, 得到的复合材料在碱性溶液中容易降解。差示热分析(DSC)表明, 功能化单壁碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合材料的玻璃化转变温度与纯聚乳酸相比有所提高。      

一种成核剂对聚乳酸结晶行为的影响

通过示差扫描量热法研究了一种新型成核剂对聚乳酸结晶行为的影响,并通过Avrami方程对其结晶动力学进行分析。结果显示,当聚乳酸中加入0.3%质量分数的成核剂,即可使其半结晶时间由61.4 min缩短至9.2 min。通过偏光显微镜对聚乳酸及含成核剂的聚乳酸的晶体形貌观察,发现成核剂可以显著的提高聚乳酸的结晶速率,相同时间内,球晶数量显著增多,晶粒尺寸明显减小。     

A series of rare earth phenolates substituted by alkyl groups for D,L-lactide ring-opening polymerization

Single component rare earth phenolates substituted by various alkyl groups have been prepared and the correlation between the aryloxides’ structure and catalytic activity in the ring-opening polymerization of D,L-lactide has also been investigated.The catalytic activity of all rare earth aryloxides,characteristics of the ring-opening polymerization as well as polymerization kinetics and mechanism were investigated.The results showed that both phenolates’ catalytic activities and polymerization characteristics changed regularly,keeping in good concordance with variations in substitutents’ number on phenol and structure of aryloxide ligands.The stronger ability of electron-donation of alkyl groups,the higher catalytic activity.Moreover,the more numbers of substituted alkyl on phenyl ring,the higher catalytic activity.The analyses of polymer ends revealed that the polymerization proceeded via a coordination-acyl-oxygen bond cleavage-insertion mechanism.     

Optimization of Process Parameters for Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide to Produce Poly(L-Lactide) Diols as Precursor for Polyurethanes

Series of poly(L-Lactide) diols with molecular weights (M_n) in 2,069–4,811?g mol^?1 were synthesized from L-Lactide using stannous octoate catalyst and 1,4-butanediol chain extender. Operating conditions, i.e., temperature, catalyst concentration, chain extender concentration, and reaction time, were optimized. Maximum monomer conversion and M_n were observed at 0.5?mol% SnOct₂ and 1.0?mol% 1,4 butanediol (BDO) at 145°C. Poly(L-Lactide) diols were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, end-group analysis, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Fourier transform infrared confirmed the formation of poly(L-Lactide) diols. Poly(L-Lactide) diols’ % degree of crystallinity was determined by X-ray diffraction. M_n was calculated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and end-group analysis.     

PHB/PLLA聚酯材料与PHB/PLLA/PEO聚酯材料的体外降解性

对聚β-羟基丁酸酯/聚乳酸（PHB/PLLA）及聚β-羟基丁酸酯/聚乳酸/聚氧乙烯（PHB/PLLA/PEO）膜状样品在37 ℃磷酸缓冲溶液（PBS）/溶菌酶中的降解行为进行了研究,通过定期观察质量损失、降解过程中的热力学性质及样品表面形态变化,发现PHB/PLLA共混未能提高PHB的降解速度,而PEO加入到PHB/PLLA体系中显著提高了PHB、PLLA的降解速度,进而提高了PHB/PLLA共混体系的降解速度。