预应力对混凝土宽箱梁桥剪力滞的影响分析

目前对多室宽箱梁剪滞效应的研究尚少,其中更有必要研究预应力的影响。通过对一座典型的五跨预应力混凝土宽箱梁桥进行三维有限元分析,考虑了预应力束的空间作用效应,得出该类型宽箱梁桥在有无预应力作用下其剪力滞效应的比较,其结果可供同类工程参考。     

Solids motion of calcium carbonate particles in a high shear mixer granulator: A comparison between dry and wet conditions

An experimental study has been carried out on the solids motion in a conical frustum-shaped vertical high shear mixer granulator by using the positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) technique. The mixer granulator has a vertical shaft, to which four sets of impellers are attached at different elevations. The shaft is operated at 3.9 Hz, 4.9 Hz and 5.8 Hz, which corresponded to the top impeller tip speed of 2.8, 3.5 and 4.1 m/s. The motion of calcium carbonate particles with and without a liquid binder is evaluated. Particles are observed to circulate in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The macroscopic solids circulation in the vertical direction reduces after adding the binder. There is a dominant solids motion in the tangential direction under both the dry and wet conditions with the maximum tangential velocity of 2.2 to 12.6 times that of the maximum axial and radial velocities. No obvious change is observed in the average axial and radial velocities when the impeller speed is changed under both dry and wet conditions, while the ratio of the maximum tangential velocity to the tip speed decreases with increasing impeller speed, suggesting a velocity-dependent behaviour. The three velocity components decrease in the magnitude after adding the binder at all tested agitation speeds except for the tangential velocity at a shaft speed of 3.9 Hz. The main difference between the dry and wet operations is that the decrease of tangential velocity in the near-wall zone under the dry condition is not observed under the wet condition.     

Association between erythrocyte dynamics and vessel remodelling in developmental vascular networks

Sprouting angiogenesis is an essential vascularization mechanism consisting of sprouting and remodelling. The remodelling phase is driven by rearrangements of endothelial cells (ECs) within the post-sprouting vascular plexus. Prior work has uncovered how ECs polarize and migrate in response to flow-induced wall shear stress (WSS). However, the question of how the presence of erythrocytes (widely known as red blood cells (RBCs)) and their impact on haemodynamics affect vascular remodelling remains unanswered. Here, we devise a computational framework to model cellular blood flow in developmental mouse retina. We demonstrate a previously unreported highly heterogeneous distribution of RBCs in primitive vasculature. Furthermore, we report a strong association between vessel regression and RBC hypoperfusion, and identify plasma skimming as the driving mechanism. Live imaging in a developmental zebrafish model confirms this association. Taken together, our results indicate that RBC dynamics are fundamental to establishing the regional WSS differences driving vascular remodelling via their ability to modulate effective viscosity.     

非均质混杂叠层梁的分层剪切理论

本文研究了正交各向异性混杂叠层梁的应力与变形计算.叠层梁是由几层弹性性质明显不同的非均质子层梁组成.对每一子层梁应用剪切理论,并假设相邻子层梁的交界面是理想连接.文中导出了关于子层梁剪切转角ψ_i的二阶常微分方程组.求解微分方程组可得到叠层梁应力与位移关于剪切转角的ψ_i解析表达式.叠层梁组分材料中任一点应力可按有效模量理论和整体——局部方法[3]求得.     

Pull-out work of steel fibers from cementitious composites: Analytical investigation

The main objective of this study is to provide a parametric evaluation of the pull-out work of smooth steel fibers embedded in cementitious matrices. The various parameters controlling the behavior of the bond stress versus slip relationship are analyzed; their effects on the entire pull-out load versus slip response and the corresponding pull-out energy up to full debonding and/or up to total pull-out are investigated. Also discussed are the effects of the fiber geometric parameters such as fiber diameter, length, and aspect ratio. Finally, a brief section addresses the relation between pull-out work and the critical strain energy release rate G_c, a fracture mechanics variable, which can be calculated if the P-Δ curve is known.     

新型混合装配式混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究及有限元分析

预应力筋面积、预应力筋张拉应力、浆锚钢筋无黏结长度及轴压比是新型混合装配式混凝土剪力墙的重要设计参数。在前期试验基础上,开展考虑不同预应力筋面积的新型混合装配式混凝土剪力墙低周反复荷载试验,并采用Abaqus进行有限元参数分析。试验结果表明：相较现浇对比试件,新型混合装配式剪力墙试件抗裂性能、承载力、刚度均明显提高,位移延性性能及耗能能力接近,在预拉力不变的条件下,预应力筋面积变化对试件性能影响较小;有限元参数分析结果表明,预应力筋张拉应力与轴压比的变化将明显影响新型混合装配式混凝土剪力墙的强度与刚度,且均呈正相关关系,而预应力筋面积、浆锚钢筋无黏结长度影响则不够明显。综合分析认为,对于试验涉及的新型混合装配式混凝土剪力墙,建议预应力筋根数取3根,初始张拉力宜为416.6kN,浆锚钢筋无黏结长度宜为150mm。     

配置高强钢筋工字形截面剪力墙试件抗震抗剪性能试验与有限元分析

通过对4片配置HRB600级钢筋以及1片配置HRB400级钢筋的工字形截面剪力墙进行低周反复加载对比试验,考察了配置HRB600级钢筋剪力墙与HRB400级钢筋剪力墙的性能差异;探讨高强钢筋剪力墙墙体配筋率、轴压比对剪力墙抗震抗剪性能的影响。试验结果表明：与HRB400级钢筋剪力墙相比,HRB600级钢筋剪力墙的极限抗剪承载能力略低,达到极限抗剪承载力时墙体中的钢筋也没有达到屈服;但加载后期墙体裂缝宽度更小,变形能力也更好。在试验的基础上,应用有限元分析软件VecTor2,对影响配置高强钢筋低矮剪力墙抗剪承载力的主要因素进行分析,并对HRB600级钢筋剪力墙抗震抗剪承载力计算时钢筋设计强度取值给出建议。     

混锚预应力U形碳纤维条带抗剪加固混凝土梁试验研究

研发钢筋混凝土梁抗剪加固用U形纤维增强复材（FRP）条带的预应力系统,提出一种预应力U形条带端锚与黏贴并用（简称混锚）的抗剪加固方法。完成了1根未加固、7根采用U形碳纤维（CFRP）条带进行抗剪加固的矩形截面梁剪切试验,加固梁中1根为纯黏贴、6根为混锚预应力。结果表明：混锚预应力加固在抑制主斜裂缝开展、延缓箍筋屈服和提高箍筋塑性利用率等方面的表现均优于纯黏贴加固,能够防止FRP端部剥离并实现拉断破坏,大幅度提高纤维强度利用率,显著提高梁的抗剪承载力,最大提升率达92%。预应力和配纤率的大小对抗剪加固效果有较明显影响,其他条件相同时,预应力越大或配纤率越高,加固梁综合性能越好。建议了混锚预应力U形CFRP有效应变的计算公式,用于预测剪切破坏时CFRP的贡献和加固梁的承载能力,与试验结果符合良好,可供工程应用参考。