关于提高银回收率的方法探讨

以难选铅银渣回收银为研究对象,结合物料性质,分析银回收率低的原因,指出了提高银回收率的常用方法和措施,为难选铅银渣中银的有效回收提供了途径。     

高岭石对铅离子吸附性能的特征研究

研究了高岭石吸附水体中铅离子的热力学和动力学特征,并探讨了高岭石表面对铅的吸附模式。结果表明：其动力学行为遵循Bangharm方程和Elovich方程,但与Elovich方程更吻合;热力学行为遵循Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程,但与Langmuir方程更吻合,反映出Pb^2＋在实验浓度范围内是呈单分子层在高岭石上发生吸附且具有较大的吸附容量。随着pH的升高,高岭石对Pb^2＋的吸附量增加。吸附铅的表面化合态有两种：〉SOH和SOPbOH。     

湿法炼铅研究进展

通过湿法冶金途径从硫化铅精矿中提取铅,是颇具吸引力的方法。本文介绍了处理铅精矿的湿法炼铅研究工作进展并对各种方法进行评述;重点放在铅的氯化湿法冶金,包括铅精矿直接电解、铅精矿的三氯化铁浸出、从中间产物氯化铅中回收铅及复杂硫化矿处理的研究。     

Nonstoichiometry and solubility of impurity in In-doped PbTe films on Si substrates

The chemical quantitative composition, phase constitution, and crystal structure of doped with In lead telluride films on Si (1 0 0) or SiO₂/Si (1 0 0) substrates have been studied in this work. By EPMA and atomic absorption measurements, it has been found that the concentration of In atoms y_In varied from 0.0011 to 0.045 in these deposited Pb_1−yIn_yTe films. The results of EPMA, SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show that formation of In solid solutions in lead telluride matrix revealed not only in PbTe–InTe cross-section, but in PbTe–In₂Te₃ pseudobinary system also. The results of XRD show that the lattice parameter a_PbTe of PbTeIn/Si and PbTeIn/SiO₂/Si heterostructures is described by nonmonotone function and does not obey the Vegard's law within concentration interval 0.0011y_In0.045.     

Charge regimes for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries: Performance overview inclusive of temperature compensation

The main battery type employed in standby applications is the valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery. Float charging is normally used to maintain the battery in its fully charged state, however, float charging has limitations that can damage the battery and shorten its life. New charge regimes have evolved in recent years to tackle the intrinsic problems of float charging. The intermittent charge (IC) regime and the interrupted charge control (ICC) regime have been developed to prolong the service life of the battery in standby applications. The battery is normally maintained in the standby mode for a long period of time and there are infrequent discharge tests to verify the efficacy of the battery. Hence, the service life of the battery is highly correlated to its charge regime. This paper reviews the charge regimes for VRLA batteries, and assesses their charging performance and their impact on the service life of the battery. Recognising that temperature plays a significant role in battery operation, temperature compensation schemes are described for different charge regimes.     

A novel flow battery—A lead-acid battery based on an electrolyte with soluble lead(II): V. Studies of the lead negative electrode

The structure of lead deposits (approximately 1 mm thick) formed in conditions likely to be met at the negative electrode during the charge/discharge cycling of a soluble lead-acid flow battery is examined. The quality of the lead deposit could be improved by appropriate additives and the preferred additive was shown to be the hexadecyltrimethylammonium cation, C₁₆H₃₃(CH₃)₃N⁺, at a concentration of 5 mM. In the presence of this additive, thick layers with acceptable uniformity could be formed over a range of current densities (20–80 mA cm⁻²) and solution compositions. While electrolyte compositions with lead(II) concentrations in the range 0.1–1.5 M and methanesulfonic acid concentrations in the range 0–2.4 M have been investigated, the best quality deposits are formed at lower concentrations of both species. Surprisingly, the acid concentration was more important than the lead(II) concentration; hence a possible initial electrolyte composition is 1.2 M Pb(II) + 5 mM C₁₆H₃₃(CH₃)₃N⁺ without added acid.     

高速摄影法研究铅芯延期体的燃烧特性

用高速摄影仪对卡在透明塑料管中的铅芯延期体从点火到喷火的过程进行了拍摄.图像显示,在铅芯延期体点火端有一段延期药与点火药头一起在很短的时间内完成燃烧过程;在铅芯延期体喷火端有一段延期药被喷出,铅芯延期体未起延期作用.将燃烧后的铅芯延期体沿药芯切开,显微镜下观察残渣,发现有的残渣呈层状龟裂.根据结果,对这些影响铅芯延期精度的因素进行了分析.     

钛炉胆穿孔腐蚀现象研究

钛合金具有优越的抗腐蚀性能,被广泛地用作波峰焊机的炉胆材质。但是在使用有铅钎料进行波峰焊接时,常出现穿孔现象。通过采用DES、XRD和SEM等分析手段对其进行了深入地分析,研究了在有铅钎料的使用过程中钛合金的腐蚀机理。     

铅对锌电积的影响和降低电锌含铅的措施

本文在分析锌电积中铅的来源和对锌电积的不良影响的基础上,提出了降低电锌含铅的措施。以利把我国电锌质量提高到一个新水平。     

我国铅蓄电池工业进展

本文采用表格的形式简明扼要地叙述了我国铅蓄电池工业发展的情况,重点放在中华人民共和国建国以来的四十年。