低温下液体饱和蒸气压的测试

着重介绍了静态法测试低温下（－１００～５０℃）液体饱和蒸气压的原理及方法，给出了低温下液体全氟三乙胺饱和蒸气压的测试结果，并进行了讨论。     

高强度船板纵裂纹的成因及预防

针对高强度船板纵裂纹轧后退废过高的现状，分析原因并优化冶炼、连铸工艺及操作，有效地降低高强度船板的退废率。     

InGaAsP／InP PFBH激光器

采用Ｎ－ＩｎＰ衬底研制ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ／ＩｎＰ激光器和ＤＦＢ激光器在国内已报导过多次，本文介绍用Ｐ－ＩｎＰ衬底研制ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ／ＩｎＰ平面埋层异质结构激光器和ＤＦＢ－ＰＦＢＨ激光器，同时利用晶体生长和晶向的依赖关系，改进埋区的结构，使器件最高激射温度大于１００℃。     

Long-term stability of an Au/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by incipient wetness in continuous-flow glucose oxidation

A 0.3% Au/Al₂O₃ catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness (IW) method was investigated in the continuous-flow liquid-phase glucose oxidation. Therefore, a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system equipped with an ultrasonic separator was used. The continuous-flow glucose oxidation was carried out at 40 °C, pH 9 and 1 bar oxygen partial pressure. Residence time and glucose concentration were varied. The IW gold catalyst showed very high activity and selectivity to gluconic acid within its 110 days of operation and, thus, an excellent long-term stability. Even after severe microbial contaminations of the catalyst, its activity could be completely restored by in situ regeneration with 2-propanol.     

内热式液态合金离子源

本文介绍了一种实用的液态合金离子源结构，我们利用本结构研制成功了Ａｕ－Ｓｉ和Ａｕ－Ｓｉ－Ｂｅ液态合金离子源，测出了它们的发射特性。     

电流控制LPE生长In_（1－x）Ga_xAs_yP_（1－Y）

用电流控制液相外延（ＣＣＬＰＥ）方法首次在（１００）ＩｎＰ衬底上成功地生长出Ｉｎ１－ｘＧａｘＡｓｙＰ１－ｙ（０．３０＜ｘ＜０．４７，０．７０＜ｙ＜０．９６）外延层，并对外延层特性进行了详细研究，提出在ＩｎＰ衬底上生长电外延层的机理，推导出生长动力学的理论模型，该模型与上述实验结果十分吻合。     

两种Ni-Cr-Co基高温合金的凝固偏析及其对Rayleigh数的影响

利用SEM和EDAX研究了2种Ni-Cr-Co基高温合金GH742和GH738凝固过程中组织、液相成分变化,用图像分析软件测定了各温度下的液相分数,并计算了2种合金凝固过程中液相密度差和相对Rayleigh数变化。结果表明,GH742凝固过程中主要是Cr、Co和Nb的偏析,GH738合金凝固过程中主要是Cr、Co和Ti的偏析;GH742和GH738合金凝固过程中都存在着液相密度反转,后者密度差的绝对值较大;GH738合金相对Rayleigh数绝对值的最大值是GH742的3.5倍,凝固时更易形成黑斑。     

Dynamic “Molecular Portraits” of Biomembranes Drawn by Their Lateral Nanoscale Inhomogeneities

To date, it has been reliably shown that the lipid bilayer/water interface can be thoroughly characterized by a sophisticated so-called “dynamic molecular portrait”. The latter reflects a combination of time-dependent surface distributions of various physicochemical properties, inherent in both model lipid bilayers and natural multi-component cell membranes. One of the most important features of biomembranes is their mosaicity, which is expressed in the constant presence of lateral inhomogeneities, the sizes and lifetimes of which vary in a wide range—from 1 to 10³ nm and from 0.1 ns to milliseconds. In addition to the relatively well-studied macroscopic domains (so-called “rafts”), the analysis of micro- and nanoclusters (or domains) that form an instantaneous picture of the distribution of structural, dynamic, hydrophobic, electrical, etc., properties at the membrane-water interface is attracting increasing interest. This is because such nanodomains (NDs) have been proven to be crucial for the proper membrane functioning in cells. Therefore, an understanding with atomistic details the phenomena associated with NDs is required. The present mini-review describes the recent results of experimental and in silico studies of spontaneously formed NDs in lipid membranes. The main attention is paid to the methods of ND detection, characterization of their spatiotemporal parameters, the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of their formation. Biological role of NDs in cell membranes is briefly discussed. Understanding such effects creates the basis for rational design of new prospective drugs, therapeutic approaches, and artificial membrane materials with specified properties.     

Facile Fabrication of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) Anion Exchange Membrane with Semi-Interpenetrating Network

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are one of the core components of AEM fuel cells. A series of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) AEMs with semi-interpenetrating networks (s-IPNs) are prepared by a simple solution-casting method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linking agent. Subsequently, the prepared PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical analysis, water uptake and swelling ratio tests, ion exchange capacity (IEC) tests, ionic conductivity measurements, and oxidative/alkaline stability tests. The effects of the mass ratio of PVA and PQ-10 and the amount of cross-linking agent GA on the performance of the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are systematically explored. The results show that the cross-linked PVA/PQ-10 AEMs have high IEC and low water uptake and swelling ratio, and its maximum ionic conductivity can reach 79.37 mS cm^–1 at 80 °C. In addition, the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membrane has good oxidative and alkaline stability under optimal preparation conditions. These results may provide valuable insights toward more effective scheme designs and new, simple preparation methods for AEMs with s-IPN structures.