Partial Characterization of Ultrafiltrated Soy Protein Hydrolysates with Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities

Soy protein isolate (SPI) was hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme® (SHF) or chymotrypsin (SHC). Hydrolysates were sequencially fractionated by ultrafiltration using different membrane pore sizes (50, 10, and 3 kDa). The antioxidant ability of each hydrolysate protein fraction was tested in a liposome oxidizing system and their free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) was evaluated with the DPPH method (diphenylpicrilhydrazine radical). Molecular weight (MW) distribution, solubility, surface hydrophobicity, and amino acid composition of each SPI hydrolysate fraction were measured and their effect on antioxidant and scavenging activities was established by multivariate correlation. The most active ultrafiltrated peptide fractions (P < 0.05), from SHF and SHC, had of MW of <3 kDa (F3 and C3, respectively). These fractions decreased liposome oxidation by 83.2% and 84.5%, respectively, and also showed the highest FRSA (F3: 21.3% and C3: 24.4%). In addition to molecular size, the antioxidant activity and FRSA of soy protein fractions were related to their amino acid composition, especially to an increased content of Phe and a lowered content of Lys. Also, hydrophobicity of ultrafiltrated peptide fractions was an important characteristic (P < 0.001) associated with their ability to trap free radicals. Ultrafiltered peptide fractions with low MW have a high potential to be used as natural alternatives to prevent lipid oxidation in foods.     

迷迭香提取物及其包结物在中式培根中的应用

研究了迷迭香提取物(RE)的化学成分、抗氧化活性及RE与其环糊精钾金属有机骨架包结物(RE-K-CD-MOF)在中式培根中的应用。结果表明:RE的主要成分为迷迭香酸等12种物质;RE具有良好的抗氧化效果,在0.5~1.5 mg/mL浓度范围内,清除DPPH自由基的能力大于BHT小于V_C,在1~5 μg/mL浓度范围内,清除OH自由基的能力大于V_C小于BHT。应用于中式培根腌制过程中脂质氧化实验表明,与对照组相比添加RE及RE-K-CD-MOF各组均具有较低的过氧化值和丙二醛含量;与添加RE各组相比,添加RE-K-CD-MOF各组表现出更好的稳定性和抑制脂质氧化效果。与添加0.3% RE相比,添加0.3% RE-K-CD-MOF时,加工结束时中式培根的过氧化值降低了17.8%,丙二醛含量降低了17.2%。     

聚乙烯醇对芳纶复合纱聚苯胺导电层耐久性影响

为提高聚苯胺导电层与基材之间的黏结牢度,以聚乙烯醇为共混高聚物,通过连续原位聚合法在对位芳纶纱线表面形成聚乙烯醇/聚苯胺导电层,制备得到芳纶/聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合导电纱。分析了导电纱的结构与性能,并研究了聚乙烯醇对聚苯胺导电层耐水洗和耐磨性的影响。结果表明:适量添加聚乙烯醇有助于提高导电纱导电层的结构规整性及电导率,随着聚乙烯醇质量分数的提高,导电纱的电导率呈先上升后下降的趋势,当聚乙烯醇占苯胺的质量分数为4.30%时,制得的复合导电纱线的电导率最高,达到(1.120±0.198) S/cm;聚乙烯醇的添加和质量分数的提高,有助于聚苯胺导电层耐水洗性及在较小外力作用下的耐磨性的提高。     

Evaluation of the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of extracted saponins and flavonols from germinated black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Flavonoids and saponins from common beans have been widely studied due to their bioactivity. This research evaluated the effect of germination of black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on the antioxidant capacity and antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines of saponins and flavonoids extracted from seed coats, cotyledons and sprouts. Principal component analysis was performed to achieve punctual associations between the black bean saponins and flavonoids concentrations to the antioxidant capacity and the antiproliferative activities. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of extracts were higher when obtained from seed coats, mainly from the 3rd germination day. The extracts obtained from seed coats after 3 and 5 germination days inhibited all cancer cell lines proliferation with no cytotoxicity against control cells. Genistein was related with the activity against mammary cancer cells but flavonols and group B saponins were more related with hepatic and colon cancers. Non-glycosilated flavonols were related with antioxidant capacity.     

阳离子无皂乳液增强剂的合成及应用

采用功能单体引入法无皂聚合工艺合成了一系列阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液造纸增强剂,对主要合成条件如共聚单体组成、阳离子单体比例、反应温度、引发剂用量等进行了优化,此条件下产物可使漂白麦草浆纸页与空白样相比抗张指数、环压指数分别提高16.0%、17.8%.     

光敏抗菌型静电纺丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸纳米纤维的制备及其性能表征

为利用乳液聚合法合成甲基丙烯酸甲酯与甲基丙烯酸共聚物（P(MMA-co-MAA)）,通过静电纺丝技术制备P(MMA-co-MAA)纳米纤维膜,并利用其表面的羧酸基团吸附阳离子光敏药物,从而得到光敏抗菌型电纺纳米纤维膜。通过凝胶渗透色谱、傅立叶红外光谱、热失重分析法等对P(MMA-co-MAA)聚合物进行表征,借助扫描电子显微镜、表面张力仪分别对P(MMA-co-MAA)纳米纤维膜的形貌及吸附行为进行分析,最后探讨了所制备纳米纤维膜的抗菌性能。结果表明：制备出了具有较高分子质量的P(MMA-co-MAA)聚合物,静电纺纳米纤维膜对阳离子光敏剂亚甲基蓝（MB）和5,10,15,20-四（4-N-甲基吡啶基）卟啉锌(锌卟啉)具有良好的吸附性能。二者都表现出良好的抗菌效果,抗菌率可达到99.99%     

抑制羟自由基的胁迫粟水溶性蛋白分离纯化与性质研究

对粟胁迫蛋白进行进一步研究,采用色谱法对其分离纯化;实验得到两个强抑制羟自由基作用的活性蛋白,相对分子质量为11084和11136;纯度均达90%以上,抑制率分别为72.9%和68.3%。     

栝楼籽油清除自由基作用研究

以栝楼籽油清除羟基自由基能力和对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力为指标,研究了栝楼籽油的抗氧化活性。实验表明栝楼籽油具有较好的清除超氧阴离子自由基的作用,最大抑制率为68.19%。栝楼籽油具有较好的清除羟自由基的作用,EC50为0.23mg/ml,具有明显的抗氧化作用。