自然语言处理中的逻辑词

词是自然语言处理中最基本的单位,在当今知识表示领域,知识图作为自然语言理解的语义模型有其独到之处。本文从语言学和逻辑学的角度,首次提出并探讨了逻辑词研究逻辑词分类及如何用知识图表示各类逻辑词的结构。对自然语言处理中研究复句和篇章的理解提供了一种新的途径。     

泛系论与复杂超系统运筹的生物学化思维（Ⅱ）

本文论述系理论的沿革及其与系统科学、辩证法、生命科学的比较,通过几个表32个项目的对比对泛系理论进行了相对具体的定位,阐述泛理论与数理工医文社史哲诸多学科百家研究的前缘关系,同时揭示许多与高新技术、思维科学、方法论有关的一些新的理法,发展了泛系生物学框架,它对计算机、数字工程、人工智能、模式识别、图象处理、细胞自动机、大脑研究、神经网络与神经计算机、生物控制论、机器人、仿生学和系统科学等等的发展因缘与战略性思考,对大型自动化系统、复杂系统与大系统工程建构的运筹和人类本身的理解均有特殊意义,有关的论题涉及：方法论,逼近论,等价论,相对论,辩证逻辑,系统论,控制论,信息论,泛熵论,识别论,对策论,数字空间的数学形态学,广义系统边界理论,粗集理论,一般生命系统及其对系统科学与思维科学发展和对系统工程原理、传感器机理、大型自控系统与智能生命系统营构的影响。等等。     

Logic-based automated multi-issue bilateral negotiation in peer-to-peer e-marketplaces

We present a novel logic-based framework to automate multi-issue bilateral negotiation in e-commerce settings. The approach exploits logic as communication language among agents, and optimization techniques in order to find Pareto-efficient agreements. We introduce , a propositional logic extended with concrete domains, which allows one to model relations among issues (both numerical and non-numerical ones) via logical entailment, differently from well-known approaches that describe issues as uncorrelated. Through it is possible to represent buyer’s request, seller’s supply and their respective preferences as formulas endowed with a formal semantics, e.g., “if I spend more than 30000 € for a sedan then I want more than a two-years warranty and a GPS system included”. We mix logic and utility theory in order to express preferences in a qualitative and quantitative way. We illustrate the theoretical framework, the logical language, the one-shot negotiation protocol we adopt, and show we are able to compute Pareto-efficient outcomes, using a mediator to solve an optimization problem. We prove the computational adequacy of our method by studying the complexity of the problem of finding Pareto-efficient solutions in our setting.     

Evolution of fuzzy logic: from intelligent systems and computation to human mind

Inspired by human’s remarkable capability to perform a wide variety of physical and mental tasks without any measurements and computations and dissatisfied with classical logic as a tool for modeling human reasoning in an imprecise environment, Lotfi A. Zadeh developed the theory and foundation of fuzzy logic with his 1965 paper “Fuzzy sets” (Zadeh in Inf Control 8:378–53, 1965) and extended his work with his 2005 paper “Toward a generalized theory of uncertainty (GTU)—an outline” (Zadeh in Inf Control, 2005). Fuzzy logic has at least two main sources over the past century. The first of these sources was initiated by Peirce in the form what he called a logic of vagueness in 1900s, and the second source is Lotfi’s A. Zadeh work, fuzzy sets and fuzzy Logic in the 1960s and 1970s.     

Compositional encoding for bounded model checking

Verification techniques like SAT-based bounded model checking have been successfully applied to a variety of system models. Applying bounded model checking to compositional process algebras is, however, a highly non-trivial task. One challenge is that the number of system states for process algebra models is not statically known, whereas exploring the full state space is computationally expensive. This paper presents a compositional encoding of hierarchical processes as SAT problems and then applies state-of-the-art SAT solvers for bounded model checking. The encoding avoids exploring the full state space for complex systems so as to deal with state space explosion. We developed an automated analyzer which combines complementing model checking techniques (i.e., bounded model checking and explicit onthe-fly model checking) to validate system models against event-based temporal properties. The experiment results show the analyzer handles large systems.     

VHDL语言设计可综合的微处理器内核*

详细介绍了用VHDL语言设计可逻辑综合的教学实验用CPU的过程。CPU指令系统构架采用RISC结构,设计上使用结构化编程方法,将CPU内核按照功能划分为不同的模块,采用VHDL语言设计每一个模块的内部功能和外围接口。所有的功能模块组合起来后,通过EDA工具进行CPU内核的逻辑综合和功能仿真,最后在可编程逻辑器件上实现这个完整的CPU内核。     

自动应答系统中自然语言理解技术的研究*

自动应答系统（QAS）是一种基于因特网的高性能软件系统。它的核心技术是基于自然语言理解的相关技术,包括知识库和语料库的建设、文本的切分和标注、句子的语法分析和语义分析等。重点论述了自动应答系统中知识信息的语义网络表示和LSF随机化句法分析模型,以及自动应答系统的结构与组成,并对LSF模型进行了参数训练,实践证明这些技术是可行的、高效的。     

GPU Shape Grammars

GPU Shape Grammars provide a solution for interactive procedural generation, tuning and visualization of massive environment elements for both video games and production rendering. Our technique generates detailed models without explicit geometry storage. To this end we reformulate the grammar expansion for generation of detailed models at the tesselation control and geometry shader stages. Using the geometry generation capabilities of modern graphics hardware, our technique generated massive, highly detailed models. GPU Shape Grammars integrate within a scalable framework by introducing automatic generation of levels of detail at reduced cost. We apply our solution for interactive generation and rendering of scenes containing thousands of buildings and trees.     

PLC和变频器在空压机节能改造中的应用

针对空压机能耗大，噪音火，自动化程度低等缺点，提出利用可编程控制器和变频器实现对螺杆式空压机的节能改造方案。实验结果表明，该方案自动化程度高，节能效果明显，具有很大的实用价值。