MCM-41负载碳化蔗糖及磷钨酸非均相催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油

以MCM-41为载体,通过负载蔗糖并使之碳化、磺化制备出一种单负载型固体酸催化剂S/MCM-41,并通过在其上负载一定量磷钨酸制备出酸性更强的双负载型固体酸催化剂P-S/MCM-41.以大豆油和油酸按比例混合作为模拟餐饮废油原料,两种固体酸作催化剂制备生物柴油的研究发现,双负载型固体酸拥有更好的催化性能.以双负载型固体酸P-S/MCM-41为催化剂,实际餐饮废油为原料制备生物柴油的最佳反应条件为:反应时间7h,反应温度115℃,醇油摩尔比15∶1,催化剂用量10％(以油质量计).该条件下生物柴油的最高收率可达94％.     

介孔分子筛MCM-48固定化木瓜蛋白酶性质的研究

以介孔分子筛MCM48为载体、戊二醛作交联剂对木瓜蛋白酶进行了固定化。实验结果表明,与游离酶相比,固定化酶的热稳定性有了显著的提高,其半衰期达到了2500min以上,是游离酶(80min)的30倍以上。固定化酶的pH稳定性和储藏稳定性也有了明显改善。此外,固定化酶还具有很好的操作稳定性,经过12d的连续酶解,酶活力仍保持在初始酶活力的70%以上。     

甘蔗新品种桂糖48号的组织培养技术研究

甘蔗组织培养技术是加速繁殖新品种和加快新品种大面积推广的主要手段,不同品种的离体培养中其培养基中激素配比存在差异,因此筛选合适培养基是提高品种快繁效率的关键。本文以桂糖48号为材料,以MS基本培养基加外源激素浓度梯度进行试验处理设计,对品种的愈伤组织诱导、愈伤分化、试管苗增殖和生根阶段进行培养基筛选试验,以其筛选出最合适桂糖48号的培养基配方。试验结果表明:诱导愈伤组织培养基为MS+2,4-D 3.0 mg/L;愈伤组织分化培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L;初代增殖培养基为MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+GA 0.5 g/L;继代培养基为MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L;生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 12 mg/L。在该培养基下,生根最好,苗绿,比较高,长势好,对加快甘蔗新品种桂糖48号在广西大面积推广起到积极的作用。     

Ti接枝MCM-48对苯羟化反应的化学亲和选择性及化学稳定性研究

合成了具有较好长程结构和孔结构的Si MCM - 48,以合成后表面接枝改性的方法制备了表面Ti含量不同的Ti接枝MCM - 48催化剂 ,通过X射线衍射 (XRD)、低温N2 吸 -脱附、X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)及原子吸收光谱等对催化剂作了表征 ,Ti接枝MCM - 48仍具有良好的长程有序结构和孔结构 ,其比表面积高于 95 0m2 ·g-1,孔径分布窄 ,随Ti接枝量提高 ,最可几孔径由 2 5nm逐渐降低至 1 9nm。将Ti接枝MCM - 48催化剂用于苯羟化反应 ,研究了其苯羟化性能和结构稳定性 ,结果发现 :Ti接枝MCM - 48对苯羟化反应具有一定活性 ,苯酚选择性高于80 % ,且随表面Ti含量增加 ,苯转化率和苯酚选择性提高。反应后催化剂的孔结构、比表面及孔径分布未受到影响 ,长程有序结构稍有改变     

48 V轻混汽车的燃油经济性优化分析及验证北大核心CSCD

为了进一步降低某48 V轻混车辆油耗,采用软件模拟仿真和台架试验结合的研究方法,分析了整车运行过程,搭建了48 V轻混系统的整车经济性仿真模型,进行了仿真与试验相关性研究。基于精度较高的相关性模型,分析了优化运行工况点、液力变矩器锁止离合器策略、制动回收策略等因素对节油的贡献,并在实车上完成了优化方案的验证。结果表明:燃油经济性明显改善,优化后该48 V轻混车辆新欧洲行驶循环(new European driving cycle,NEDC)工况下综合燃油消耗量降低约12%。     

SO42-/ZrO2/MCM-41催化丙烯和乙酸合成乙酸异丙酯的研究

水热合成了介孔材料MCM-41,并以其为载体负载固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2,通过XRD和N2吸附/脱附对制备的SO42-/ZrO2/MCM-41催化剂进行了表征。在固定床反应器中,以丙烯和乙酸为原料,研究了该催化剂合成乙酸异丙酯的活性。对反应条件进行了系统考察,得出了最佳的反应条件:反应温度140℃;反应压力1.2 MPa;空速(LHSV)1.0h-1;n(C3H6)∶n(CH3COOH)=3∶1。在此条件下,乙酸异丙酯的产率最高可达68.9%。同时,通过48 h的催化剂寿命实验,结果表明该催化剂具有较好的稳定性。     

MCM-48中孔分子筛的合成

在文献报道的水热法合成MCM 48中孔分子筛的基础上,针对在不同时期合成MCM 48合成重复性不好的问题,系统地考察了滴加正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)时溶液的温度,发现在溶液温度为20℃时滴加TEOS时配制的合成液能合成出有序性较高的MCM 48,并考察了焙烧温度及气氛对合成MCM 48中孔分子筛的影响,通过XRD、TG/DSC等对合成的产物进行了表征。     

无硼体系MCM-22分子筛的合成

以哌啶(PI)为模板剂,在不添加晶化助剂下,采用动态水热晶化法合成MCM-22分子筛,考察了晶化时间、PI和Si O2、OH-和Si O2、Si O2和Al2O3的物质的量之比等对晶化产物的影响,结果表明,PI和Si O2,OH-和Si O2,Si O2和Al2O3的物质的量之比为0.50~0.70,0.09~0.10和30~40,晶化时间48~72 h的条件下,能较好地合成MCM-22分子筛。在苯与乙烯液相烷基化制乙苯反应中,以哌啶为模板剂与采用六亚甲基亚胺为模板剂合成的MCM-22分子筛的催化性能相当。     

Ethylene epoxidation on Ag catalysts supported on non-porous, microporous and mesoporous silicates

The ethylene epoxidation activity of Ag catalysts supported on non-porous SiO₂, microporous silicalite zeolite and mesoporous MCM-41 and HMS silicates was investigated in the present study in comparison to conventional low surface area -Al₂O₃ based catalysts. The MCM-41 and HMS based catalysts exhibited similar ethylene conversion activity and ethylene oxide (EO) selectivity with the SiO₂ and -Al₂O₃ based catalysts at relatively lower temperatures (up to 230 °C), whereas their activity and selectivity decreased significantly at higher temperatures (≥300 °C). The silicalite based catalyst was highly active for a wide temperature range, similar to the SiO₂ and -Al₂O₃ based catalysts, but it was the less selective amongst all catalysts tested. High loadings of Ag particles (up to ca. 40 wt.%) with medium crystallites size (20–55 nm) could be achieved on the mesoporous materials resulting in very active epoxidation catalysts. The HMS-type silicate with the 3D network of wormhole-like framework mesopores (with average diameter of 3.5 nm), in combination with a high-textural (interparticle) porosity, appeared to be the most promising mesoporous support.     

Chemical Stability of Ti-Modified MCM-41 Catalysts in the Hydroxylation of Benzene in the Liquid Phase

Ti-substituted MCM-41 and Ti-grafted MCM-41 materials possessing both well-ordered long-range and pore structures have been used as catalysts for the hydroxylation of benzene in the liquid phase. The stability of the catalytic performance and the changes in the structural characteristics of Ti-modified MCM-41 resulting from the hydroxylation reaction have been investigated. It has been found that Ti-grafted MCM-41 exhibits better stability of catalytic performance than Ti-substituted MCM-41. For the Ti-substituted MCM-41, the migration of framework Ti into non-framework sites results in a decrease in the catalytic performance and the partial collapse of the pore structure. For the Ti-grafted MCM-41, the hydroxylation of benzene induces a smaller decrease in the pore volume and specific surface area than that observed for Ti-substituted MCM-41.