Composite bending-dominated hollow nanolattices: A stiff,cyclable mechanical metamaterial

Manufacturing ultralight and mechanical reliable materials has been a long-time challenge. Ceramic-based mechanical metamaterials provide significant opportunities to reverse their brittle nature and unstable mechanical properties and have great potential as strong, ultralight, and ultrastiff materials. However, the failure of ceramics nanolattice and degradation of strength/modulus with decreasing density are caused by buckling of the struts and failure of the nodes within the nanolattices, especially during cyclic loading. Here, we explore a new class of 3D ceramic-based metamaterials with a high strength–density ratio, stiffness, recoverability, cyclability, and optimal scaling factor. Deformation mode of the fabricated nanolattices has been engineered through the unique material design and architecture tailoring. Bending-dominated hollow nanolattice (B-H-Lattice) structure is employed to take advantages of its flexibility, while a few nanometers of carbonized mussel-inspired bio-polymer (C-PDA) is coherently deposited on ceramics’ nanolayer to enable non-buckling struts and bendable nodes during deformation, resulting in reliable mechanical properties and outperforming the current bending-dominated lattices (B-Lattices) and carbon-based cellulose materials. Meanwhile, the structure has comparable stiffness to stretching-dominated lattices (S-Lattices) while with better cyclability and reliability. The B-H-Lattices exhibit high specific stiffness (>10⁶?Pa·kg^?1·m^?3), low-density (～30?kg/m³), buckling-free recovery at 55% strain, and stable cyclic loading behavior under up to 15% strain. As one of the B-Lattices, the modulus scaling factor reaches 1.27, which is lowest among current B-Lattices. This study suggests that non-buckling behavior and reliable nodes are the key factors that contribute to the outstanding mechanical performance of nanolattice materials. A new concept of engineering the internal deformation behavior of mechanical metamaterial is provided to optimize their mechanical properties in real service conditions.     

Synthesis of Pt nanocrystals with different shapes using the same protocol to optimize their catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction

Engineering the shape and thus surface structure of Pt nanocrystals is an effective strategy for optimizing their catalytic activities toward various reactions. However, different protocols are typically used to produce Pt nanocrystals with distinctive shapes, making it difficult to directly compare their catalytic activities owing to the complication of surface contamination. Here we demonstrate that Pt nanocrystals with a variety of shapes, including those enclosed with low- or high-index facets, can be synthesized using the same protocol by simply adjusting the concentration of reducing agent and/or the reaction time. Specifically, when the reducing agent was used at a relatively low concentration, Pt truncated cubes, cuboctahedrons, truncated octahedrons, and octahedrons were produced sequentially upon the increase in reaction time. When 67% more reducing agent was used, Pt cubes and concave cubes were obtained consecutively as the reaction time was prolonged. Our quantitative analysis suggests that the diversity of shape and difference in size can be resulted from the difference in reduction kinetics. In evaluating their structure–activity relationship for oxygen reduction, it was established that the high-index facets on Pt concave cubes possessed a specific activity of 6.3 and 1.3 times greater than those of Pt cubes and octahedrons exposed by {1?0?0} and {1?1?1} facets, respectively. This work not only offers a general method for the synthesis of Pt nanocrystals having diverse shapes and thus different types of facets but also highlights the significance of reduction kinetics in controlling the structure evolution of other metal nanocrystals.     

基于云计算下的高校图书馆数据安全策略的探讨

云计算是继网格计算后又一项正在兴起中的技术,它的出现使"互联网上众多的计算机成为一台虚拟超级计算机"的梦想慢慢变成了现实.云计算下高校图书馆的信息安全问题,一方面来自云服务提供商提供的安全保障,另一方面来自高校图书馆的信息安全需求.针对高校图书馆可能面临的安全存储、访问控制、权限管理、数据保密及知识权等信息安全问题,云...     

基于SOA技术的高校URP建设的研究

通过基于SOA技术的高校管理工作一体化信息系统软件的设计,综合性地量化学校各项重要信息,使信息一体化程度更为集中,帮助管理工作者、校务管理人员做出动态的管理决策调整,对于URP流程改造提供具体的实践模型参考。同时研究出一种能够应用于各类普通高校管理工作的无线与网络相结合的软件系统设计模型,提供一种可量化的工作数据系统样本,以比较低廉的代价解决校园信息化过程中的信息孤岛问题,进一步提升校园信息一体化程度。     

新蚁群算法模型在大学课程时间表问题中的应用

分析大学课程时间表问题的特征,结合已有蚁群算法的求解策略,构建了新的问题求解模型,提出了一种基于蚁群算法和改进过程的求解算法,并在不同规模的问题实例上进行实验。结果表明,算法在目标函数解的质量上有明显改进。     

Prevalence and personality correlates of Facebook bullying among university undergraduates

The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of cyber-bullying through Facebook in a sample of 226 Greek university undergraduates, and to explore whether big five personality characteristics, narcissism, as well as attitudes toward Facebook, technological knowledge and skills were predictive of such behavior. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire measuring the above constructs. Results indicated that almost one third of the sample reported Facebook bullying engagement at least once during the past month, with male students reporting more frequent involvement than females. Bullying through Facebook was predicted by low Agreeableness and more time spent on Facebook only for males, whereas for females none of the studied variables predicted engagement in Facebook bullying. Findings are discussed in terms of prevention and intervention strategies.     

基于UML高校办公管理系统的设计研究

文章调研了高校办公管理系统的现状,在详细分析系统功能需求、性能需求的基础上,采用UML技术为高校办公管理系统构建需求模型,包含用例图、类图、时序图等详细的需求模型设计,并对系统架构进行了设计,同时规范了数据库设计标准。该设计结构合理、功能全面,为高校办公管理系统的实现打下良好的基础。     

PBL在大学计算机基础课中探究与实践

基于问题式学习(PBL)能有效提高学生的学习兴趣,培养学生自主学习能力和问题解决的技能。文章结合大学计算机基础课教学问题的设置,PBL教学设计过程,探讨实施PBL教学模式的方法、策略与意义,以期对大学计算机基础课改革有新的启示。     

从悉尼大学看澳洲的本科办学特色

笔者根据对澳大利亚悉尼大学的了解,从课程设置和人才培养、教师教学方式和学生学习方式、校园文化、商业化倾向等几个方面介绍了澳大利亚本科阶段的办学特色,并指出了值得学习和借鉴之处。     

Commodified science and social wellbeing

This paper explores the increasing trend towards the commodification of public research and development (R&D) and the impact of this on social wellbeing. In many developed countries, the changes introduced by governments to funding mechanisms for universities and public research institutions has led to a fundamental shift in the focus of public R&D. The focus has shifted from creating useful public, codifiable knowledge to creating a knowledge commodity driven by commercial imperatives. Although there may be an economic argument to be made for the virtues of such change, we argue here that the potential costs to social wellbeing have been largely, and dangerously, ignored.