ZnO-CuO掺杂对Mn-Co-O系NTC热敏电阻微观结构与电性能的影响

以Mn3O4和Co3O4为原料,ZnO和CuO为掺杂剂,采用固相反应法制备了Mn2.3Co3.7-x-yZnxCuyO4(x=0,0.03和0.06:y=0,0.05,0.08,0.10和0.20)单层片式NTC热敏电阻材料.研究了该材料的微观结构和电性能.结果表明:通过掺杂ZnO和CuO,可以制备低阻高B型Mn-Co...     

镁合金抗腐蚀复合表面处理工艺技术

镁合金由于具有优良的性能而广泛应用于航空、航天、兵器、汽车、电子等领域的结构件中,是武器装备减重的理想材料,但其较差的抗腐蚀性能又使其推广应用受到限制.根据镁合金的腐蚀类型及原理,提出了阳极氧化与派拉纶(Parylene C)的表面处理复合工艺途径和方法,并对工艺制备样品进行了测定.结果表明:采用阳极氧化与派拉纶的复合工艺技术,可提高其耐蚀性,耐盐雾能力达到48 h,满足军用电子产品环境适应性要求.     

Thermoelectric Properties and Electronic Structure of Bi- and Ag-Doped Mg<Subscript>2</Subscript>Si<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Ge<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> Compounds

Mg₂Si_1−x Ge _x compounds were prepared from pure elements by melting in tantalum crucibles. The reaction was conducted under an inert gas in a special laboratory setup. Samples for thermoelectric measurements were formed by hot pressing. Structure and phase composition of the obtained materials were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Morphology and chemical composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Thermoelectric properties, i.e., the Seebeck coefficient, the electrical conductivity, and the thermal conductivity, were measured in the temperature range of 500 K to 900 K. The effect of Bi and Ag doping on the thermoelectric performance of Mg-Si-Ge ternary compounds was investigated. The electronic structures of binary compounds were calculated using the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) method. The effects of disorder, including Ge substitution and Bi or Ag doping, were accounted for in the KKR method with coherent potential approximation calculations. The thermoelectric properties of doped Mg₂Si_1−x Ge _x are discussed with reference to computed density of states as well as the complex energy band structure.     

甲醇水蒸气重整制氢铜基催化材料的研究进展

近年来催化甲醇水蒸气重整制氢已成为国内外催化领域研究的热点之一.与其它催化体系相比,铜基催化剂对甲醇制氢有优异的催化活性和低CO选择性,此工作系统总结了甲醇水蒸气重整制氢铜基催化剂的研究进展.按最新研究主要分为:传统铜基催化剂和新型催化剂,传统铜基催化剂又分为不同载体负载的铜基催化剂和改性铜基催化剂.分别介绍了各类催化...     

Microstructure investigation and first-principle analysis of die-cast AZ91 alloy with calcium addition

In order to get improved mechanical properties of die-cast AZ91 alloy under elevated temperatures, Ca element was added as a cost-effective alloying constituent. It appeared that minor Ca addition less than 0.5 wt% would result in no apparent change in microstructure, but the tensile strength at elevated temperatures was improved considerably. When increasing Ca addition to more than 1.0 wt%, Al₂Ca phase will precipitate during solidification, no Mg₂Ca phase was discovered. Homogeneous microstructure and high temperature stability in tensile strength of die-cast AZ91 alloy with Ca addition was mainly attributed to the precipitation of Al₂Ca phase, which considerably refined the bulky β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase distributed originally at the grain boundaries of die-cast AZ91 alloy with no Ca addition. The priority of Al₂Ca phase compared to Mg₂Ca phase in precipitation sequence was verified by first-principle calculation of their cohesive energy and formation enthalpy, and can also be associated with more bounding electrons between Al and Ca atoms.     

Predicting the degradation behavior of magnesium alloys with a diffusion-based theoretical model and in vitro corrosion testing

Magnesium alloys have shown great potential for their use in the medical device field, due to the promising biodegradability. However, it remains a challenge to characterize the degradation behavior of the Mg alloys in a quantitative manner. As such, controlling the degradation rate of the Mg alloys as per our needs is still hard, which greatly limits the practical application of the Mg alloys as a degradable biomaterial. This paper discussed a numerical model developed based on the diffusion theory, which can capture the experimental degradation behavior of the Mg alloys precisely. The numerical model is then implemented into a finite element scheme, where the model is calibrated with the data from our previous studies on the corrosion of the as-cast Mg-1Ca and the as-rolled Mg-3Ge binary alloys. The degradation behavior of a pin implant is predicted using the calibrated model to demonstrate the model’s capability. A standard flow is provided in a practical framework for obtaining the degradation behavior of any biomedical Mg alloys. This methodology was further verified via the comparison with enormous available experimental results. Lastly, the material parameters defined in this model were provided as a new kind of material property.     

Processing and properties of a new biodegradable Mg−Zn−Ca−Zr alloy

Magnesium alloys are used for degradable orthopaedic and cardiovascular implants due to their favourable mechanical and biological properties, degradation ability in physiological environment and stimulatory effect on the new bone formation. The research challenges are related to the increase of biological and mechanical compatibility. For the present study, a magnesium based alloy design was conducted to the following chemical composition: Mg?2.7Zn?1Ca?0.6Zr (wt.%). A complex thermomechanical processing route was applied: a plastic deformation by extrusion at various temperatures and deformation degrees (400 °C–480 °C, ? = 20 %–40 %), followed by various final heat treatments at 200 °C–400 °C for 10 min–60 min. Further, the influence of processing parameters upon the structure, mechanical properties and biological response was studied. Processed specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (secondary electron imaging and energy dispersive spectroscopy) and mechanically by tensile tests. The most representative results were obtained for the samples extruded at 450 °C/? = 20 %, followed by a final heat treatment at 350 °C/15 min, air cooling. Further, for samples which revealed promising results, in‐vitro testing was developed. Biocompatibility testing of the Mg?2.7Zn?1Ca?0.6Zr (wt.%) alloy was realized by indirect contact studies using the Vero (ATCC® CCL‐81?, American Type Culture Collection) cell line. Cells morphologies, cell viability and proliferation were evaluated.     

Understanding the Role of (W,Mo, Sb) Dopants in the Catalyst Evolution and Activity Enhancement of Co3O4 during Water Electrolysis via In Situ Spectroelectrochemical Techniques

Unlocking the potential of the hydrogen economy is dependent on achieving green hydrogen (H₂) production at competitive costs. Engineering highly active and durable catalysts for both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER) from earth-abundant elements is key to decreasing costs of electrolysis, a carbon-free route for H₂ production. Here, a scalable strategy to prepare doped cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) electrocatalysts with ultralow loading, disclosing the role of tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and antimony (Sb) dopants in enhancing OER/HER activity in alkaline conditions, is reported. In situ Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, and electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the dopants do not alter the reaction mechanisms but increase the bulk conductivity and density of redox active sites. As a result, the W-doped Co₃O₄ electrode requires ≈390 and ≈560 mV overpotentials to reach ±10 and ±100 mA cm⁻² for OER and HER, respectively, over long-term electrolysis. Furthermore, optimal Mo-doping leads to the highest OER and HER activities of 8524 and 634 A g⁻¹ at overpotentials of 0.67 and 0.45 V, respectively. These novel insights provide directions for the effective engineering of Co₃O₄ as a low-cost material for green hydrogen electrocatalysis at large scales.     

Ni-Cu-Fe-Al合金在850℃空气中的氧化行为

为研发铝电解惰性阳极连接导杆新材料,采用粉末冶金法制备Ni-Cu-Fe-Al四元合金,在850℃的空气气氛中进行氧化实验,并用XRD、SEM、EDS等测试设备对其表面氧化膜的成分、形貌和组成进行分析.结果表明,在该合金表面形成的氧化膜连续、致密,分为内、中、外三层,外层以铜镍复合氧化膜为主,中间层分布着岛状的铁氧化物,其中含有一定数量的NiFe2O4尖晶石相,内层为连续致密的Al3O3膜,能阻碍元素扩散,从而有效提高合金的高温抗氧化性能.