适用于鱼肉中氯霉素检测的抗体包被金磁纳米微粒修饰安培免疫传感器研究

研制了基于氯霉素抗体包被Fe3O4/Au金磁纳米微粒(GMP)和三乙撑四胺铜(II)(CuL)共固定修饰平面热解石墨电极的安培免疫传感器(PRG|CuL / anti CAP-GMP),用于测定鱼肉中CAP含量.该免疫传感器是利用外加磁场,将anti CAP-GMP吸引到CuL修饰的PRG电极(PRG|CuL)表面制备而成.CuL对H2O2还原具有良好的电催化能力,当该传感器在含CAP样品液中温育后,CAP与电极表面的anti CAP的免疫结合物导致CuL对H2O2的催化还原电流(I)降低,电流下降值(△I)和CAP浓度成正比,可用于CAP定量测定.在25℃的pH=6.5磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中温育30 min,该传感器对CAP的检测线性范围为0.6~110 ng/mL,检出下限为0.092 ng/mL(3σ法).应用于鱼肉中CAP检测并与传统的液相色谱法(HPLC)比较,结果一致,其添加回收率在97%~104%之间.该免疫传感器集分离、富集为一体,电极表面可更新,检测灵敏快速,对于水产品中痕量氯霉素分析提供了一种新颖的方法.     

冲击载荷下磁流变阻尼器结构优化设计

应用于火炮反后坐装置中的磁流变阻尼器工作在高冲击、高速环境下,对磁流变阻尼器的设计指标和性能提出了更高的要求.针对冲击试验中,磁流变阻尼器表现出的阻尼力可调动态范闱的不足,利用Herschel-Bulkley的磁流变液非线性结构特性的平行平板恒流模型,采用多目标规划方法,提出了火炮反后坐装置应用中的磁流变阻尼器优化设计方法.最后分析了磁流变阻尼器磁路设计准则,结合优化设计尺寸,对阻尼器活塞磁场进行了有限元分析.结果表明,磁流变阻尼器阻尼通道处能产生足够大的磁场强度且分布均匀.     

Customized trapping of magnetic particles

This paper presents an efficient technique for trapping of magnetic particles in confined spatial locations using customized designs of micro-coils (MCs). Large magnetic field gradients of up to 20 T/mm and large magnetic forces in the range of 10⁻⁸ Newton on magnetic particles with diameter of 1 μm have been achieved using MCs with several planar geometrical configurations. A large magnetic field gradient is generated and enhanced by two structural parameters: the small width and high aspect ratio of each single conductor and the ferromagnetic pillars positioned at high-flux density locations. This arrangement creates very steep magnetic potential wells, in particular at the vicinity of the pillars. The system allowed capturing of suspended magnetic particles as far as 1,000 μm from the center of the device. Magnetic particles/cells have been trapped and confined in single and in arrays of deep magnetic potential wells corresponding to the MCs configuration.     

Characterization of magnetic materials using a scanning microwave microprobe

We investigated the electromagnetic properties of metals of iron, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, gold, copper, silver, and permalloy thin films on SiO(2) substrates using a near-field microwave microprobe. The electromagnetic properties of metal sheets were estimated by measuring the microwave reflection coefficient S(11) and compared with the theoretical values. We observed the hysteresis behavior of permalloy thin films on SiO(2) substrates using a near-field scanning microwave microprobes (NSMM) system. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical model of transmission theory. In order to better characterize the electromagnetic properties of metals and magnetic metals instead of the usual method, we take advantage of the noncontact microprobing evaluation capabilities using a near-field microwave.     

MFM and gas adsorption isotherm analysis of proton beam irradiated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

To enhance the gas adsorption properties and modify the physical properties of carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were irradiated by high-energy proton beams, and the physical properties including morphology and local surface structure were investigated by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), magnetic force microscope (MFM) and a gas adsorption isotherm apparatus which can deeply probe the fine structure of surface. Interestingly, clearer MFM images were obtained from the proton irradiated samples which supports that carbon exhibits magnetism under proton bombardments, although the intrinsic magnetic property is not understood. The layering properties of argon on MWCNTs were measured from 59 to 69 K and the interaction of argon on the surface was analyzed. The calculated values of isosteric heat of adsorption demonstrated that higher interaction of gas molecules with surface is found from the proton irradiated MWCNTs. This result strongly supports that the local surface modification, partial defects, for example, were created due to the external high energy impacts. Our results are worthy to note that gas adsorption technique can provide the fine atomic resolution which beyond the one of TEM and MFM.     

Calibration of a multi-mobile coil magnetic manipulation system utilizing a control-oriented magnetic model

In this paper, we address the calibration of a family of magnetic manipulation systems composed of several coils that are moved around by serial robot manipulators. We show in this paper that the calibration of the whole system ultimately results in calibrating the manipulator and coil separately up to an unknown rigid transformation. For calibration of the coil, we propose to use a model that has not been used so far in the literature; a control-oriented model which is sufficiently accurate and computes the magnetic field in real time. A protocol for calibrating the magnetic manipulation system using the Nelder–Mead algorithm to estimate the model parameters is presented. Calibration was performed through simulations and validated experimentally on a physical system. It was observed that the root mean square error was reduced by 37% after calibration of the physical system, indicating an improvement in accurately estimating the magnetic model.     

Single particle tracking of fluorescent nanodiamonds in cells and organisms

Ever since the discovery of fullerenes in 1985, nanocarbon has demonstrated a wide range of applications in various areas of science and engineering. Compared with metal, oxide, and semiconductor nanoparticles, the carbon-based nanomaterials have distinct advantages in both biotechnological and biomedical applications due to their inherent biocompatibility. Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) joined the nanocarbon family in 2005. It was initially developed as a contrast agent for bioimaging because it can emit bright red photoluminescence from negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers built in the diamond matrix. A notable application of this technology is to study the cytoplasmic dynamics of living cells by tracking single bioconjugated FNDs in intracellular medium. This article provides a critical review on recent advances and developments of such single particle tracking (SPT) research. It summarizes SPT and related studies of FNDs in cells (such as cancer cell lines) and organisms (including zebrafish embryos, fruit fly embryos, whole nematodes, and mice) using assorted imaging techniques.     

1-D transient numerical model of a regenerator in a novel sub Kelvin Active Magnetic Regenerative Refrigerator

A sub Kelvin Active Magnetic Regenerative Refrigerator (AMRR) is being developed at the University of Wisconsin – Madison. This AMRR consists of two circulators, two regenerators, one superleak, one cold heat exchanger, and two warm heat exchangers. The circulators are novel non-moving part pumps that reciprocate a superfluid mixture of ⁴He–³He in the system. Heat from the mixture is removed within the two regenerators of this tandem system. An accurate model of the regenerators in this AMRR is necessary in order to predict the performance of these components, which in turn helps predicting the overall performance of the AMRR system. This work presents modeling methodology along with results from a 1-D transient numerical model of the regenerators of an AMRR capable of removing 2.5 mW at 850 mK at cyclic steady state.     

UHMWPE/SiO2渔用纳米复合单丝的力学性能与动态力学行为研究

采用熔融纺丝法制备超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)/二氧化硅(SiO_2)渔用纳米复合单丝,并研究了牵伸倍数和纳米粒子含量对UHMWPE单丝结构、热性能、力学性能及动态力学行为的影响。结果表明,纳米SiO_2在UHMWPE单丝基体中的分散为纳米级分散,且分布均匀。当纳米SiO_2含量增加时,熔点和结晶度基本不变,而UHMWPE/SiO_2纳米复合单丝的取向度增大,断裂强度和结节强度增大。动态力学分析表明,当纳米SiO_2含量增加时,纳米粒子与聚乙烯链段相互作用力增强,晶区附近受限的非晶区链段增多,α转变峰逐渐增强增宽。通过纳米改性技术,能够显著改变聚乙烯单丝的粘弹性能,并使聚乙烯单丝的力学性能提高,为实现渔用聚乙烯纤维材料的改性与高性能化提供了理论和技术支撑。     

Effects of Cu on Microstructures,Mechanical, and Magnetic Properties of Fe–Ni–P Alloys Fabricated by Liquid Phase Sintering

The Fe–Ni–P–Cu alloys with different copper content (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%) are fabricated by liquid phase sintering (LPS) at 950 °C. The nano‐Cu powder is mechanically mixed for 90 min with Fe–Ni–P composite powder using the ethanol as the medium. The microstructure, microhardness and compressive properties of Fe–Ni–P–Cu alloys are investigated. The results indicate that the copper is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of sintered specimens. The sample contains a small amount of γ‐(Fe, Ni) phase when the copper content is 1 wt%, which results in its the highest compressive yield strength (948.1 MPa). The highest microhardness of 371 HV is accessible in Fe–Ni–P–Cu alloy with 2 wt% Cu. The fracture surface analysis indicates that sintered specimens with Cu addition exhibit a typical intergranular mode.