Nanocomposites of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots embedded in Gd2O3:Eu3+ hollow spheres for LEDs application

Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ quantum dots (QDs) mesoporous hollow nanocomposites with good luminescent properties and high stability were built. Among which, the hollow Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺ spheres and CsPbBr₃ QDs were prepared by urea homogeneous precipitation and hot-injection method, respectively. Finally, the Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ QDs shell–core compounds were constructed through mechanical stirring. The structure, morphology, stability and luminescent properties were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravity (DSC/TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence excitation/photoluminescence (PLE/PL) and life decay tools. Compared to the original CsPbBr₃ QDs, Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ QDs display better photostability, thermal stability and current stability. The resulting Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ QDs composite exhibits good yellow emission. The Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ QDs mixed silicone resin was directly coated on the blue LED chip, then the w-LED device with the color coordinate of (0.31, 0.32) was successfully assembled. The Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺@CsPbBr₃ QDs compounds with excellent luminescent properties and stability are expected to be widely used in lighting and display areas.     

Preparation of M/Ce1–xTixO2 (M=Pt,Rh, Ru) from sol-gel method and their catalytic oxidation activity for diesel soot

A series of Ce_1–xTi_xO₂ mixed oxide catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel method and then loading of noble metal (M = Pt, Rh, Ru) was used for soot oxidation. Ti-doped Ce_1–xTi_xO₂ catalysts (x is the molar ratio of Ti/(Ti + Ce) and ranges from 0.1 to 0.5) exhibit much better oxidation performance than CeO₂ catalyst, and the Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ catalyst calcined at 500 °C has the best catalysis activity. Each noble metal (1 wt%) was supported on Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ (M/C9T1) and the properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and H₂-temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) results. Results show that the introduction of Ti into CeO₂ forming Ti-O-Ce structure enhances the catalytic activity and increases the number of oxygen vacancies at the catalyst surface. The noble metal is highly dispersed over Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂, and M/C9T1 catalysts present enhanced activity in comparison to Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂. It is found that noble metals can greatly increase the activity of the catalyst and the corresponding oxidation rate of soot can enhance the electron transfer capacity and oxygen adsorption capacity of the catalyst. A small amount of Ti doping in CeO₂ can significantly improve the activity of the catalyst, while a large amount of Ti reduces the performance of the catalyst because a large amount of Ti is enriched on the surface of the catalyst, which hinders the contact and reaction between the catalyst and the soot.     

La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3钙钛矿复合氧化物的结构与电学性能

采用固相反应法合成出La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系复合氧化物样品，XRD分析结果证实不同Co／Fe比例的样品中均形成菱形六面体钙钛矿结构，采用固相烧结法制备出致密的La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系陶瓷。研究结果表明，在室温到900℃温度范围内La0.4Sr0.4CoO3(y=0)的电导率随温度的增加而单调降低，其它Co／Fe比例样品的电导率随着温度的增加出现最大值，电导率达到最大值的温度随Co／Fe比例的降低而提高。在低温段，La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3体系的导电行为符合小极子导电机制，导电活化能随Co／Fe比例的降低而增加。     

La0．8Ca0．2CrO3钙钛矿复合氧化物的GNP法合成与表征

采用GNP（Glycine-Nitrate Process）法合成La0.8Ca0.2CrO3初级粉料，研究甘氨酸用量对产物的晶体结构和显微形貌的影响，并测试烧结体的相对密度和电导率。研究结果表明，甘氨酸与金属离子的摩尔比（G／M^n＋）控制在2．0～2．5时可得到颗粒尺寸细小、均匀（100nm～200nm）的单相钙钛矿粉体，烧结温度为1350℃时样品的相对密度达到91．0％，测试温度为800℃时样品的电导率达到30．5S.cm^-1。与常规固相法相比，GNP法制备的样品具有更好的烧结活性和导电性能。     

NO reduction by CH4 over Pd/Co-sulfated zirconia catalysts

A series of sulfated zirconia supported Pd/Co catalysts was synthesized by the sol–gel method and examined for NO_x reduction by methane. The NO conversion increased up to a Co/S ratio of 0.43, and then decreased at a higher Co loading (Co/S = 0.95). Sulfate content was also essential for obtaining high selectivity to molecular nitrogen. A catalyst loaded with 0.06 wt.% Pd, 2.1 wt.% Co and 2.1 wt.% S (Pd/Co-SZ-2) exhibited remarkable performance under lean conditions and displayed stability in a long-term durability test using a synthetic reaction mixture containing 10% water vapor. This catalyst exhibited the highest sulfur retention most probably as cobalt sulfide. Besides, the catalytic oxidation of NO to NO_y groups was confirmed by FT-IR, in agreement with the general mechanism for the SCR of NO by hydrocarbons. In the absence of oxygen in the feed stream, the catalyst was highly active for NO reduction with methane. IR stretching bands assigned to N₂O and adsorbed nitro groups were identified upon adsorbing NO on Pd/Co-SZ-2. This indicates that under rich conditions disproportionation of NO to N₂O and NO₂ occurs and confirms that the formation of NO₂ species is an essential step for NO reduction by CH₄.     

Fabrication of TiO2 composite materials for air purification by magnetic field effect and electrocodeposition

Novel air purification materials were fabricated by the application of a magnetic field. In a magnetic field perpendicular to a copper plate, nickel particles with a diameter of 10 m were arranged to form numerous pillar-like structures on the matrix surface, and copper as a binder was deposited onto the three-dimensional surface. The total surface area of the pillars and the matrix increased with the magnetic flux density, up to about 800 cm² per cm² of the original matrix surface at 6.2 T. After successful codeposition of TiO₂ particles on the fabricated materials by electroplating, their photocatalytic activities were evaluated on the basis of the removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ), which are some of the most hazardous air pollutants. It was concluded that the samples with the pillar-like structures had two opposite characteristics: large surface area as a positive effect and shadowing against ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as a negative effect. However, total photocatalytic activity increased to twice as much as that of the flat sample by improving the UV irradiation method and the preparation condition of the materials     

Surface Areas of Nitrated Hydrotalcites

Hydrotalcites in the nitrate form were prepared using microwave irradiation in the hydrotreatment step. The surface area (BET) of nitrated hydrotalcites was evaluated. Solids were characterized by atomic absorption, X-ray diffraction and BET analysis. Thermal pretreatment temperature determined the surface area of the hydrotalcites.     

Studies on phytosterol oxides. II: Content in some vegetable oils and in French fries prepared in these oils

Hydrogenated rapeseed oil/palm oil blend, sunflower oil and high-oleic sunflower oil, and French fries fried in these oils were assessed for contents of sterol oxidation products. Different oxidation products of phytosterols (7α- and 7β-hydroxy-sito-and campesterol, 7-ketosito- and 7-ketocampesterol, 5α,6α-epoxy-sito- and campesterol, 5β,6β-epoxy-sito-and campesterol, dihydroxysitosterol and dihydroxycampesterol) were identified and quantiated by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy. Rapeseed oil/palm oil blend contained 41 ppm total sterol oxides before frying operations. After two days of frying, this level was increased to 60 ppm. Sunflower oil and high-oleic sunflower oil had 40 and 46 ppm sterol oxides, respectively, before frying operations. After two days of frying operations, these levels increased to 57 and 56 ppm, respectively. In addition to campesterol and sitosterol oxidation products, small amounts of 7α- and 7β-hydroxystigmasterol were detected in the oil samples. Total sterol oxides in the lipids of French fries fried at 200°C in rapeseed oil/palm oil blend, sunflower oil, and high-oleic sunflower oil were 32, 37, and 54 ppm, respectively. The levels of total oxidized sterols, calculated per g sample, ranged from 2.4 to 4.0 ppm. In addition to the content of phytosterol oxides, full scan mass spectra of several oxidation products of stigmasterol are reported for the first time. Part of these results were presented at the 86th Annual Meeting of the AOCS, May 7–11, 1995, San Antonio, TX.     

国外过氧化氢在化学合成中应用研究进展

介绍了近期国外过氧化氢在部分化学品合成中应用研究新进展 ,产品包括过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺、4Na2 SO4·2H2 O2 ·NaCl加合物、叔胺氧化物、水合肼、二羟基苯、季铵盐过氧化氢和甲乙酮肟。内容涉及产品质量 (纯度、安定性、溶解速率、外观等 )、产品收率、催化剂、工艺过程等方面改进。主要介绍专利技术。     

Oxidation of acrolein on a multicomponent oxide catalyst

Catalytic oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid has been studied and the optimum composition of the multicomponent catalyst Mo _a V _b Cu _c Fe _d O _x has been found. The reaction kinetics has been measured.