图像测量技术在微型齿轮测量中的应用

在分析传统接触式微型齿轮测量技术难点的基础上,提出了一种基于CCD图像的微型齿轮非接触测量的方法,采用A102fCCD数字摄像头作为图像传感器,利用图像测量技术对微型齿轮进行非接触测量.主要步骤包括:图像的采集;采用边缘保持滤波器进行滤波、降噪;采用阈值法将图像二值化,并进行边缘检测形成单像素的轮廓边缘;采用随机Hough变换对齿轮中心孔进行提取;系统的标定以及齿轮有关参数的计算等.并实际测量了微型齿轮的齿形误差和齿距误差,对测量精度进行了分析,通过对比试验证明了本系统提出测量原理是正确的、可行的,所开发的软件能够满足实际生产的需要.     

一种鱼雷俯仰角出现±900°时的姿态仿真方法

摘要：随着鱼雷发射平台的多样化,火箭助飞鱼雷、空投鱼雷、自导水雷以及高空反潜鱼雷在发射和运动过程中会出现俯仰角在±900°附近的情况。当鱼雷俯仰角为±900°时,立式三轴转台的内环轴与外环轴重合,无法提供3个自由度的运动,致使鱼雷姿态仿真无法进行。通过改变敏感元件安装方式,建立在该种安装方式下三轴转台的驱动方程以及转台转角与鱼雷姿态角的转换表达式,解决了鱼雷俯仰角出现±±900°时的姿态仿真。数学仿真和半实物仿真结果表明,该方法正确可行,适用于鱼雷垂直发射、垂直入水以及俯仰角出现±900°时的半实物仿真试验。     

基于俯仰角修正的HOG特征快速行人检测算法

传统的HOG特征对正视或侧视行人有较好的识别率,但是对俯视行人的识别率仍有所欠缺。对检测图像的HOG特征根据不同的俯仰角进行了转换,同时优化了SVM分类器训练过程,提出了一种改进的快速行人检测算法。测试结果表明,该算法优于基于传统HOG特征的检测方法,有效提高了不同俯仰角视频中行人检测的准确性。     

有效特征参数分类正常与病理语音

采用残差信号的特征参数——基音幅值（Pitch Amplitude,PA）和频谱平坦度（Spectral Flatness of the Residue Signal,SFR）与语音信号倒谱域特征参数——倒谱峰值突出（Cepstral Peak Prominence,CPP）来区分正常与病理语音,在萨尔布吕肯语音数据库中选择自然音调的正常与病理语音/a/进行仿真实验。统计结果表明,与正常语音相比,病理语音的PA较小,SFR更接近零,CPP也较小。结合其他传统特征参数分析对比,证明SFR、PA和CPP更能有效分类正常与病理语音。通过不同分类算法比较,得出支持向量机的分类准确率相对更高。     

Implicit versus explicit frequency comparisons: Two mechanisms of auditory change detection.

Listeners had to compare, with respect to pitch (frequency), a pure tone (T) to a combination of pure tones presented subsequently (C). The elements of C were either synchronous, and therefore difficult to hear out individually, or asynchronous and therefore easier to hear out individually. In the “present/absent” condition, listeners had to judge if T reappeared in C or not. In the “up/down” condition, the task was to judge if the element of C most similar to T was higher or lower than T. When the elements of C were synchronous, the up/down task was found to be easier than the present/absent task; the converse result was obtained when the elements of C were asynchronous. This provides evidence for a duality of auditory comparisons between tone frequencies: (1) implicit comparisons made by automatic and direction-sensitive “frequency-shift detectors”; (2) explicit comparisons more sensitive to the magnitude of a frequency change than to its direction. Another experiment suggests that although the frequency-shift detectors cannot compare effectively two tones separated by an interfering tone, they are largely insensitive to interfering noise bursts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The quantitative investigation of mechanical properties and characterization of fractured position for friction stir lap welded A6111/A5023

The effects of plunge depth (PD) revolutionary pitch (RP) and materials arrangement on deformation and softening material at the fractured position of a friction stir welded AA6111 to AA5023 lap joint were investigated. As a result, the main factor determining tensile shear load and fracture was different with the location of soft material. When the soft material was located on top, the softening material and the deformed surface height occurred by friction heat generation of the rotating shoulder. The main factor was the deformed surface height rather than the softening material, and the deformed surface height was decreased with increasing RP. On the other hand, when the soft material was located at the bottom, the movement of the un-bonded line and hooking occurred due to the vertical flow of the rotating probe. The crucial factor was the position of the un-bonded line rather than the height of the hook. The un-bonded line occurred along the interface between two materials affected by the lowest strength, which were deformed toward the hard material affected by a higher joint strength.     

基于共生特性的G.729A基音调制信息隐藏的检测

提出了一种G.729A自适应码本分组基音调制信息隐藏的检测算法.对语音码流的分析发现,通过基音预测进行信息隐藏将改变相邻语音帧中基音周期估计值的共生特性.通过量化这种共生特性,并经过PCA(Principal Component Analysis,主成分分析)降维获得对隐写检测敏感的特征向量.最后基于特征向量和SVM (Support Vector Machine,支持向量机)构建隐写检测器.对不同语音样本数据集的检测表明,当语音长度在2s及以上时,检测正确率均超过96%.此检测算法是一种有效的压缩域信息隐藏检测方法.     

短螺距手性液晶热敏旋光特性的研究

利用Berreman 4×4矩阵建立理论模型对短螺距手性液晶的旋光率进行求解,使用MATLAB计算得到了手性液晶旋光角随入射角、螺距、盒厚等外界因素变化规律的仿真结果,且通过实验验证了此方法的准确性。对手性液晶旋光效应作为热敏材料的使用进行了实验探究,使用旋光仪测量螺距为250~310nm的手性液晶旋光角,得到手性液晶的热敏旋光特性。结果显示,螺距不同时,液晶的旋光角随温度具有不同程度的变化,但每种螺距下,手性液晶旋光率随温度的变化明显且规律。验证了旋光率热敏效应的稳定性,结果证明将手性液晶作为一种潜在的热敏材料应用的可行性,为手性液晶在温度传感器中的应用提供了实验依据。     

OTSU ＇ s Improved Threshold and its Application on Pitch Angle Test

为了提取弹体飞行状态图像的边缘进而解算俯仰角,采用图像二值化、轮廓结构形态滤波对图像进行预处理.在利用OSTU进行图像二值化时,提出了根据高斯分布的＂3δ＂特性进行阈值提取的改进.在获得飞行弹体边缘轮廓的基础上,基于骨架提取中轴线法,采用坐标变换重构弹体在三维空间的真实轴线方程来解算俯仰角.边缘检测及俯仰角测试实例表明,该检测方法能够从含有噪声的图像中获得较好的图像边缘,可实现飞行弹体俯仰角的高精度解算.     

OTSU阈值改进及其在俯仰角测试中的应用

为了提取弹体飞行状态图像的边缘进而解算俯仰角,采用图像二值化、轮廓结构形态滤波对图像进行预处理.在利用OSTU进行图像二值化时,提出了根据高斯分布的"3δ"特性进行阈值提取的改进.在获得飞行弹体边缘轮廓的基础上,基于骨架提取中轴线法,采用坐标变换重构弹体在三维空间的真实轴线方程来解算俯仰角.边缘检测及俯仰角测试实例表明,该检测方法能够从含有噪声的图像中获得较好的图像边缘,可实现飞行弹体俯仰角的高精度解算.