双柳煤矿开采上组煤层太灰水突水危险性评价

双柳煤矿4号煤层存在底板太灰水带压开采问题,文中在概述井田内太灰水贮存特征的基础上,分别利用突水系数法和多层叠加抗压强度比值系数法进行了太灰水对4号煤层突水危险性评价,最后叠置二者评价结果做出了综合评价.以期为煤矿防治水工作提供参考依据.     

扎西康铅锌多金属矿充填系统方案选择研究

扎西康铅锌多金属矿是一座富含铅、锌、锑、银的多金属矿,主矿体分布于断裂破碎带中,具有品位高、倾角陡、矿体上下盘不稳的特点,采用留矿法开采存在损失贫化率大、作业安全性差、造成地表塌陷等问题,因此选择了上向水平分层充填采矿法作为矿山今后采矿的基本方法。通过几种可行的充填系统的技术经济对比分析,表明三种可行的充填系统方案中,汽车供给尾砂充填方案具有投资省、运营成本低、总利润高、回收周期短等优点,为最优方案。     

Measurement and scaling of air-surface mercury exchange from substrates in the vicinity of two Nevada gold mines

The state of Nevada has extensive mineral resources, and is the largest producer of gold in the USA as well as fourth in world gold production. Mercury (Hg) is often present in the hydrothermal systems that produce gold deposits, and can be found in elevated concentrations in gold ore. As a result, mining of gold ore in Nevada has been shown to release Hg to the atmosphere from point and non-point sources. This project focused on measurement of air-soil Hg exchange associated with undisturbed soils and bedrock outcrops in the vicinity of two large gold mines. Field and laboratory data collected were used to identify the important variables controlling Hg flux from these surfaces, and to estimate a net flux from the areas adjacent to the active mines as well as that occurring from the mined area pre-disturbance. Mean daily flux by substrate type ranged from 9 ng m^− 2 day^− 1 to 140 ng m^− 2 day^− 1. Periods of net deposition of elemental Hg were observed when air masses originating from a mine site moved over sampling locations. Based on these observations and measured soil Hg concentrations we suggest that emissions from point and non-point sources at the mines are a source of Hg to the surrounding substrates with the amount deposited not being of an environmental concern but of interest mainly with respect to the cycling of atmospheric elemental Hg. Observations indicate that while some component of the deposited Hg is sequestered in the soil, this Hg is gradually released back to the atmosphere over time. Estimated pre-disturbance emissions from the current mine footprints based on field data were 0.1 and 1.7 kg yr^− 1, compared to that estimated for the current non-point mining sources of 19 and 109 kg yr^− 1, respectively.     

Influence of soil properties on trace element availability and plant accumulation in a Mediterranean salt marsh polluted by mining wastes: implications for phytomanagement

The aims of this study were to determine the factors which control metal and As phytoavailability in the different microenvironments (Sand Dunes, Salt Flat, Dry River and Shrubs) present at a Mediterranean salt marsh polluted by mining wastes. We performed a field study following a plot sampling survey. The analyses of soil parameters (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon contents, etc.), total metal and As concentrations and their phytoavailability assessed with EDTA were related to each microenvironment and the corresponding plant species uptake. The averages of pH and EC were slightly alkaline (pH ≈ 7.5) and saline (≈ 2.2 to 17.1 dS m⁻¹) respectively. The soil samples from the Salt Flat subzone showed the highest metal concentrations (e.g. 51 mg kg⁻¹ Cd, 11,600 mg kg⁻¹ Pb) while for As, the highest concentrations occurred in the Dry River (380 mg kg⁻¹ As). The total metal and EDTA-extractable concentrations occurred as it follows: Salt Flat > Dry River > Degraded Dunes > Shrubs. In relation to plant metal and As accumulation, the highest root concentrations were obtained in the species from the Salt Flat subzone: ~ 17 mg kg⁻¹ As, ~ 620 mg kg⁻¹ Pb, for both, Juncus maritimus and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. However the highest metal and As shoot concentrations occurred in species from the Sand Dunes: ~ 23 mg kg⁻¹ As ~ 270 mg kg⁻¹ Pb for Dittrichia viscosa; ~ 23 mg kg⁻¹ As, ~ 390 mg kg⁻¹ Zn for Crucianella maritima. The occurrence of edaphic gradients including salinity and texture determined the vegetation distribution. However, it cannot be concluded that there was a disturbance due to metal(loid)s soil concentrations in terms of vegetation composition except in the Degraded Dunes and Dry River. The higher EDTA-extractable concentrations were coincidental with the most saline soils but this did not result in higher metal(loid)s plant accumulation.     

重塑矿山工业景观规划实验(之二)——兖矿集团兴隆庄煤矿采空区重建规划设计研究

我国能源结构以煤炭为主的格局短期内不会改变.煤炭生产造成地表塌陷的采空区日益扩大,极大地消耗着我国形势本已严峻的土地资源.一般来说,采空区的利用就是土地复垦、养鱼、绿化等.该文研究采取一定技术措施,利用煤矸石填筑采煤塌陷区作为建筑用地,造基建房,不仅可减少煤矸石污染、占地问题,同时解决采空区内村庄的就地安置难题,变采空区为居住用地,村民不用搬迁.一举多得,为解决兖州矿区的可持续发展、重建矿区生态环境提供了一条重要的技术途径.     

基于阶段性的国内外矿业基金持股偏好及其影响的比较性分析

作为机构投资者,矿业基金对矿业企业的投资往往会影响矿产资源项目的开发和利用。本文利用国内外矿业基金投资上市矿业公司的数据,采用阶段性分析方法,系统对比分析了国内外矿业基金的持股决策行为及对被投资矿业企业的绩效影响。研究发现,国外矿业基金投资呈现长期投资者的特征,而国内矿业基金表现为短期投机者。并且,国外矿业基金持股对被投资企业的绩效具有显著和持续性的积极影响,但国内矿业基金持股却对被投资矿产企业的绩效有显著消极影响。本文研究为理解国内外不同情境下矿业基金和矿业企业公司治理的关系提供了直接的证据,并为尚处于发展阶段的国内矿业投资提供了政策建议与启示。     

东曲矿+860水平带压开采的可行性分析

带压开采,是在底板或顶板具有承压含水层条件下,当隔水层的厚度稍大于临界隔水层厚度或水压值稍小于临界水压值时,利用煤层底板以下相对隔水岩柱的隔水性能,采取综合防探、防治措施,在不触及或少触及岩溶水天然流场条件下,带着全部岩溶水水头压力进行岩溶型煤层的开采,不采取其它疏降措施进行开采的采煤方法.通过分析东曲矿的水文地质条件,对该矿+860水平带压开采的可行性进行了分析,并提出了防治水措施.     

矿用防爆变频器的应用及三电平变频器的发展

判断变频器性能的优劣,一要看对电网的谐波污染和输入功率因数,二要看其输出交流电压的谐波对电机的影响。良好的抗干扰措施以及选用三电平变频器能够大大改善上述两点,带来较好的使用效果。     

瞬变电磁法在探测三交河井田采空区中的应用

介绍了瞬变电磁法探测原理及瞬变电磁对于异常划分原则。以三交河井田北部越界小煤矿采空区地面探测工程为例,参考多种电性参数断面和平面图,结合平面图的等值线走向和规律,以及各测线视电阻率断面图、正演模型感应电压特征,通过分析测线多测道剖面图、测线电性断面图、顺层视电阻率切片图等,推测出了越界小煤矿采空区范围及积水情况,阐述了瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区的可行性与实用性。     

攀枝花市矿业循环经济构架设想

矿业是攀枝花市的支柱,设计一套适合攀枝花市矿业可持续发展的循环经济构架具有重要意义.设想的循环经济构架围绕钒钛磁铁矿的综合利用,以采选系统和冶金系统为核心,以综合回收和深加工为依托,辅之以水、电、气及信息的集成共享,达到充分回收矿石中的不同元素,同时尽量延长产业链,形成生态循环系统的目的.