化学沉积Ni-Zn-P合金制备和腐蚀性能研究

采用柠檬酸钠为络合剂 ,在氨性缓冲介质中化学镀Ni Zn P合金 .考察了工艺参数 (pH、ZnSO4·7H2 O浓度和温度 )对沉积速度和镀层组成的影响 .发现Zn离子在沉积过程中起阻碍作用 ,致使镀层中Zn含量不高 (最多含16 .0mass% ) .采用差示扫描量热 (DSC)和X射线衍射 (XRD)技术研究所得化学镀Ni Zn P合金 (Ni=78.7mass % ,Zn =11.7mass % )的晶化行为和结构 .结果表明 ,镀态Ni Zn P合金主要由非晶相和少量立方镍两相构成 .热处理至 384 .8℃时出现四方Ni3 P相 ,至 5 80 .7℃时出现Ni5Zn2 1相 .镀态及热处理后的Ni Zn P合金 (Ni=78.7mass% ,Zn =11.7mass% .)在 3.5 %NaCl中 (pH =7.0 )的腐蚀失重及阳极极化测量 .结果表明 ,该合金的耐腐蚀性能优良 ,特别是镀态Ni Zn P合金 .     

非晶态Pd—Cu—Si合金的晶化动力学研究

本文应用DSC研究了非晶态Pd-Cu-Si合金的晶化过程动力学.根据Kissinger峰移法和Arrhenius方程分别计算了晶化激活能,发现等温晶化动力学在0.15相似文献   

高压下非晶薄带Zr70CU30的晶化速率

本文研究了非晶薄带ＺＲ７０Ｃｕ３０晶休速率与压力的关系。观察到极大值；结合晶化激活能的压力效应，讨论了压力对晶化的速度的影响机理。     

Mg65Cu25Y10非晶态合金的形成及其晶化行为

采用水淬法制备出厚度为2mm的片状Mg65Cu25Y10非晶态合金,衡量其非晶成形能力的参数过冷液态区域宽度△Tx（△Tx=58.3K）、约化玻璃转变温度Trg（Trg=0.56）均较高,表明此合金具有很强的非晶形成能力;并测出了它的硬度为263.2HV.通过恒速升温和等温晶化试验,采用差热分析、X射线衍射等研究了它的热行为,结果表明,此合金在433K以下还是稳定的,如进一步升高温度,材料将由非晶态结构逐步向晶态结构转变,当退火温度达到623K时,则完全转变为晶态结构.     

用生产废液回收钽制备氟钽酸钾除钨工艺研究

为了从湿法冶金生产钽、铌废液中回收Ta,先用石灰乳对生产废液进行前期处理，获得含7％～12％Ta的磷石灰渣．然后将其在HF-H2SO14-MIBK体系中萃取，得到钨杂质含量高的K2TaF7最后采用重结晶法对K2Taf7进行提纯。结果表明，用HF＋HNO3作溶剂，加热温度在90℃左右，固液比为1：14，重结晶提纯高钨K2TaF7钨杂质含量达到10μg．g^-1，符合生产高比容钽粉用K2TaF7允许钨杂质含量要求。     

Thermal analysis of polymer–water interactions and their relation to gas hydrate inhibition

Gas hydrates formed in oil production pipelines are crystalline solids where hydrocarbon gas molecules such as methane, propane, and their mixtures are trapped in a cagelike structure by hydrogen‐bonded water molecules to form undesirable plugs. Methanol and glycol are currently used to prevent these plugs via thermodynamic inhibition. Small amounts of water‐soluble polymers may provide an alternate approach for preventing gas hydrates. In this study, we expand the fundamental understanding of water–polymer systems with differential scanning calorimetry. Nonfreezable bound water was used to quantify polymer–water interactions and relate them to the chemical structure for a series of polymers, including acrylamides, cyclic lactams, and n‐vinyl amides. For good interactions, the water structure needs to be stabilized through hydrophobic interactions. An increased hydrophobicity of the pendant group also appears to favor polymer performance as a gas hydrate inhibitor. Good inhibitors, such as poly(diethyl acrylamide) and poly(N‐vinyl caprolactam), also show higher heat capacities, which indicate higher hydrophobicity, than poor performers such as polyzwitterions, in which hydrophilicity dominated. The phase behavior and thermodynamic properties of dilute polymer solutions were also evaluated through measurements of the heat of demixing and lower critical solution temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2642–2653, 2007     

Binary blends of polyethers with fatty acids: A thermal characterization of the phase transitions

A series of binary blends of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), and polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF), characterized by similar average molecular weights, with selected fatty acids (capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid) were prepared by melt mixing. Differential scanning calorimetry was applied to characterize the phase transitions of melting and crystallization, and a synergistic effect was found to occur for PEO/fatty acid blends, as evidenced by the values of the enthalpy of the phase transition. This effect was probably due to hydrogen bonding between PEO and the fatty (carboxylic) acids, which facilitated the formation of crystalline structures; an analysis of IR spectroscopy data showed a shift in the absorption bands of OH groups. The morphology development of the PEO/carboxylic acid blends, as observed with polarizing light microscopy, could be described as spherulitic growth with spontaneous selection of the lamellar thickness. The textures of the individual fibrils, consisting of stacks of several tens of lamellae corresponding to PPO and PTHF, were less regular than the texture of PEO and showed large macroscopic heterogeneity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 861–870, 2003     

Effects of substituted aromatic heterocyclic phosphate salts on properties,crystallization, and melting behaviors of isotactic polypropylene

Nucleation effects of 2,2′‐methylene‐bis (4,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphate metal salts as a nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were investigated with differential scanning calorimeter and polarized optical microscope, and their effects on mechanical, optical, and heat resistance properties of iPP were also studied. The results showed that monovalent metal salts of substituted aromatic heterocyclic phosphate such as sodium salt, lithium salt, and potassium salt had a good performance. With 0.2 wt % of sodium salt, lithium salt, or potassium salt incorporated into iPP, the crystallization peak temperature of iPP could be increased by 13.5, 13.6, and 15.0°C, respectively; the mass fraction of crystallinity of iPP could be increased by about 5%; and crystallization rate was enhanced increasingly. Meanwhile the tensile strength and flexural modulus of iPP could be increased by about 10 and 30%, respectively, and the clarity and heat distortion temperature of iPP could also be improved significantly. But bivalent and trivalent metal salts of substituted aromatic heterocyclic phosphate had little effect on properties of iPP. Meanwhile the morphology study showed that the addition of monovalent sodium salt could decrease the spherulite size of iPP significantly. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4868–4874, 2006     

提高太安堆积密度的结晶工艺研究

以季戊四醇经浓硝酸酯化后的粗制太安为原料，在溶课题上重结晶得精制成品太安，讨论了不同溶剂，结晶速度，结晶溶液pH值对太安堆积密度的影响。