纳米金-壳聚糖-血红蛋白/普鲁士蓝/金电极检测过氧化氢

在普鲁士蓝修饰的金电极上,通过纳米金/壳聚糖复合膜固定血红蛋白,研制了安培型过氧化氢生物传感器,线性范围和检测限分别为1～5 000 umol/L和0.27umol/L.     

不同分子量超高脱乙酰度壳聚度糖的制备

将甲壳素分别在含硼氢化钠的氢氧化钠-正戊醇中和氢氧化钠-水中进行脱乙酰反应,再将得到的壳聚糖用过氧化氢-水反应体系降解,制得不同分子量的超高脱乙酰度壳聚糖.在氢氧化钠-正戊醇中制备的壳聚糖分子量介于24万和35万之间,在氢氧化钠-水中制备的壳聚糖分子量介于81万和100万之间.实验结果表明:在氢氧化钠-正戊醇体系中反应5 h或在氢氧化钠-水体系中反应6 h所制备壳聚糖的脱乙酰度均达98%以上,在脱乙酰反应中,延长反应时间脱乙酰度增大;采用过氧化氢-水反应体系降解壳聚糖时,影响壳聚糖分子量的因素包括过氧化氢与壳聚糖的投料比、反应温度及反应时间,而过氧化氢与壳聚糖的投料比是主要的影响因素.改变这些影响因素,可制备出分子量介于3.2万和56万之间的壳聚糖.     

大豆分离蛋白/壳聚糖共混膜热力学性能

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了成膜基质比例、增塑剂丙三醇体积分数和pH值对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)/壳聚糖(CS)共混膜热力学性能的影响。结果表明:共混膜较相同条件下SPI和CS单纯膜的结构更加稳定,成膜基质比例SPI∶CS=1∶1时共混膜交联度最高,热稳定性最好;增塑剂丙三醇体积分数的提高可降低共混膜放热峰的高度,增加放热峰的宽度,但是玻璃化转化温度和熔融温度随之降低;当pH值在1～3时,共混膜的玻璃化转化温度、熔融温度和结晶度值均较低,pH值在4～6时,各值升高,共混膜的热稳定性较好。     

离子液体体系下纤维素酶降解壳聚糖

合成氨基酸类离子液体甘氨酸氟硼酸盐-[Gly]BF4,构建该离子液体与壳聚糖的均相体系,在此体系下采用纤维素酶对壳聚糖进行降解。研究发现该离子液体在溶解壳聚糖的过程中可以有效破坏壳聚糖中氢键,并且增加纤维素酶与壳聚糖之间可及度,促进降解效果。考察不同条件对反应的影响,确定最佳条件:质量分数2%离子液体水溶液与壳聚糖组成均相体系,pH 5.0,反应时间3h,反应温度50℃,壳聚糖1.0g,酶用量0.1g,所得降解产物平均相对分子质量可达2 000左右,具有良好水溶性,较常规体系下酶解反应有很大改善。同时,离子液体具有良好重复使用性。     

微波法交联壳聚糖及其活性炭复配剂处理水中卤化物

采用微波法制备了交联壳聚糖,与活性炭复配得到复合吸附剂,并研究其对水中卤化物的吸附效果。结果表明,微波法制备复合交联壳聚糖吸附剂简化了制备工艺,且吸附效果较好。     

A Novel Drug Delivery System for Osteosarcoma Chemotherapy

1Introduction Osteosarcoma,35%ofhumanprimarybonecan cers,ishighlymalignantandtendstotransferandgrow permeantly.Chemotherapyisaneffectiveandbasicthera pyforosteosarcoma,buttheside effectofantineoplasticdrugslimitstheconcentrationofthemwhichinfluences thecu…     

水溶性壳聚糖衍生物在壳聚糖膜表面的化学固定及抗凝血性能研究

合成了N-双取代亚甲基磷酸壳聚糖,并且对其进行了表征。通过戊二醛交联的方法将N- 双取代亚甲基磷酸壳聚糖固定在壳聚糖薄膜表面。对接枝前后膜表面的结构性能和血液相容性进行表征,结果显示N -双取代亚甲基磷酸壳聚糖被有效地固定在壳聚糖膜表面,并且能够有效地抑制血小板在壳聚糖膜表面的粘附。     

微球堆积法制备多孔磷酸钙生物材料

以壳聚糖为原料 ,用乳液凝固法合成了壳聚糖微球。利用造孔剂成孔的特点 ,在有机模具中将壳聚糖微球紧密堆积 ,形成孔隙率至少为 2 6 %的多孔结构的框架 ,再将料浆灌注到框架中 ,充满空隙。干燥后经 6 0 0°C煅烧和12 0 0°C烧结 ,将有机模具及壳聚糖微球烧去 ,获得具有大孔和贯通式微孔的多孔磷酸钙生物材料。材料孔隙率在 6 0～70 %之间 ,大孔直径为 80 μm～ 2 5 0 μm ,孔径可控且分布均匀 ,平均抗压强度为 4 .5 8MPa。     

6-羧基壳聚糖凝胶珠及其吸附尿毒症低分子毒物研究

用NO2将壳聚糖6位羟甲基氧化成羧基,再以戊二醛作交联剂制备了具有较高强度的6羧基壳聚糖凝胶珠。SEM观察确认凝胶珠表面均匀分布许多“沟槽”。凝胶珠对尿毒症低分子毒物尿酸、马尿酸和肌酐的吸附量分别为2.61、1.5和0.81mg/g;几乎不吸附牛血清蛋白、尿素、肌酸。富含低分子毒物的血清经凝胶珠吸附后,其尿酸和马尿酸的含量可接近人体液正常值。     

Packaging‐related properties of protein‐ and chitosan‐coated paper

The mechanical and gas‐barrier properties of paper and paperboard coated with chitosan–acetic acid salt (chitosan), whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate and wheat gluten protein were studied. Paper sheets were solution‐coated using a hand applicator. In addition, bi‐layer composites of wheat gluten and paper or paperboard were produced by compression moulding, and the chitosan solution was also applied on paperboard using curtain coating. Young's modulus, fracture stress, fracture strain, tearing strength, air permeance and oxygen permeability were assessed. The mechanical and air permeance measurements of solution‐coated paper showed that chitosan was the most effective coating on a coat weight basis. This was due to its high viscosity, which limited the degree of penetration into the paper. The proteins, however, also enhanced the strength and toughness of the paper. Compression‐moulded wheat gluten/paper or paperboard, as well as curtain‐coated chitosan paperboard laminates, showed oxygen barrier properties comparable to those of paper and paperboard coated with commercial barrier materials. None of the composites could be delaminated without fibre rupture, indicating good adhesion between the coatings and the substrates. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.