特异性抗幽门螺杆菌IgY的制备和活性测定

目的寻找一种高效的特异性抗幽门螺杆菌IgY的制备和活性测定方法。方法分别用福氏完全佐剂、福氏不完全佐剂混合含幽门螺杆菌灭活全菌及其超声碎片的试剂,对6只31周海兰褐种产蛋母鸡进行免疫,2周后二免,4周后三免。于初免后即开始收集鸡蛋,提取特异性抗幽门螺杆菌IgY,采用间接血凝试验测定卵黄中的抗体效价,体外抑菌试验测定其抑制幽门螺杆菌的活性。结果母鸡在初免2周后,抗体效价可达1∶256,初免3周后,抗体效价可达1∶1 024,初免4周后,抗体效价可达1∶8 192;同批样品在此水平可维持达11周以上,然后抗体效价呈缓慢下降趋势,26周后抗体效价仍可保持在较高水平。特异性抗幽门螺杆菌IgY具有明显的抑制HP生长的活性。结论采取加强免疫方法,可高效地引起免疫应答,是一种较好的获得抗体的方法。     

人甲型流感病毒H3N2亚型中和表位串联基因原核表达载体的构建

目的构建人甲型流感病毒H3N2亚型中和表位串联基因原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中表达目的蛋白。方法合成人甲型流感病毒H3N2亚型中和表位的串联基因,克隆入pET-28a(+)载体中,构建重组表达载体pET-28a-H3,经酶切鉴定和DNA序列分析后,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,并进行ELISA和Westernblot鉴定。结果重组载体pET-28a-H3酶切片段大小和DNA序列分析与预期结果一致。表达的目的蛋白相对分子质量约9400,与相应的多克隆抗体反应性良好。结论已成功构建人甲型流感病毒H3N2亚型中和表位串联基因原核表达载体pET-28a-H3,并表达了目的蛋白,为制备单克隆和多克隆抗体奠定了基础。     

Major Sex Pheromone Components of the Australian Gum Leaf Skeletonizer Uraba lugens: (10E,12Z)-Hexadecadien-1-yl Acetate and (10E,12Z)-Hexadecadien-1-ol

Two sex pheromone components of the gum leaf skeletonizer, Uraba lugens (Lepidoptera: Nolidae), recently established in New Zealand, were identified. Gas chromatography (GC) electroantennographic detection analyses of female pheromone gland extracts gave three compounds that consistently elicited antennal responses. Chemical analyses, using GC and GC-mass spectrometry, in conjunction with 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione and dimethyldisulfide derivatizations, identified these compounds as (10E,12Z)-hexadecadien-1-yl acetate (E10,Z12-16:Ac), (10E,12Z)-hexadecadien-1-ol (E10,Z12-16:OH), and (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate (Z11-16:Ac). A trapping trial in Queensland, Australia, in 2002, indicated that a blend of the two major components E10,Z12-16:Ac and E10,Z12-16:OH could attract gum leaf skeletonizer males. In the same trial, E10,Z12-16:Ac alone trapped large numbers of an unidentified nolid, Nola spp. Further trials in Auckland, New Zealand established that these two components were sufficient and necessary for trap catch of males; adding minor gland components, (10E,12E)-hexadecadien-1-yl acetate (E10,E12-16:Ac), Z11-16:Ac, or octadecan-1-ol (18:OH), to the two-component lure did not result in increased trap catches. Behavioral observations and gland analyses of the Auckland population revealed that female moths begin calling soon after emergence, with peak calling and pheromone production occurring 7 hr into the scotophase. Analysis of gland extract at two-hourly intervals during the first activity period showed that the ratio of E10,Z12-16:Ac to E10,Z12-16:OH (mean of 86: 14, respectively) and pheromone titer were fairly constant. No qualitative or quantitative differences in pheromone components were detected between gland extracts from Tasmanian univoltine and Auckland bivoltine populations of U. lugens.     

Changes in pheromone titer of oblique-banded leafroller,Choristoneura rosaceana,virgin females as a function of time of day,age, and temperature

Under a 16:8 hr light-dark photoperiod and 20C constant temperature, the titers of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11–14:Ac), (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11–14:Ac) and (Z)-11-tetradecenol (Z11–14:OH) produced by different-agedChoristoneura rosaceana virgin females varied significantly during the scotophase, with the maximum titer occurring before the onset of calling in day-0 and day-3 females, while in day-5 females the titer remained constant throughout the calling period. There was a significant decrease in the titer of all pheromone components with age, explaining the lesser attractiveness of day-5 females relative to day-0 and day-3 females observed in the field. Under a cold thermocycle simulating condition during the second flight period in the fall, the titers of all pheromone components did not vary with time of day. There was a significant decrease in the amount ofZ11–14:Ac with age but no changes occurred in the minor components. Furthermore, for any given age tested, the amount of each component produced during the period of maximal calling activity remained relatively similar at the two temperature regimes. However, as with the expression of calling behavior, pheromone production was initiated earlier at cooler than at warmer temperatures. At both temperature regimes, female age and time of day influenced the ratio of each pheromone component. These results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that by calling earlier, less attractive older females may increase their probability of mating.     

聚醚多元醇精制工艺改进

在聚醚多元醇中和精制过程中,加入无机盐水合物的ＢＨＴ,使中和过程涌在水含量小于１％条件下进行。工业试验结果表明,精制时间可缩短２０％以上,提高了生产效率。聚醚多元醇质量符合要求。     

四川地区供浆员中肠道病毒71型中和抗体效价的分布

目的通过检测EV71中和抗体效价(EV71-NT),对四川地区供浆员中EV71-NT的分布进行分析。方法应用基于细胞病变抑制的EV71-NT检测方法,检测四川地区349份健康人血浆的EV71-NT,同时用肠道病毒(EV)71型抗体诊断试剂盒(酶联免疫法)检测其EV71抗体,并分析二者的相关性;检测四川地区21 817份健康人血浆中EV71-NT的分布。结果该EV71-NT检测方法具有较好的重复性,测定高效价和低效价EV71中和抗体标准品的变异系数分别为30.9%和33.6%;该方法与ELISA法的相关性较差(r=0.024);四川地区21 817份健康人血浆中含高效价EV71中和抗体的比例在7.1%～18.4%之间,EV71高效价血浆占10.3%。结论在四川地区供浆员血浆中含有一定比例的高效价EV71中和抗体,可以直接从自然感染人群中筛选EV71抗体血浆进行EV71特异性免疫球蛋白的研制。     

乙型流感病毒在无血清悬浮培养MDCK细胞上增殖条件的优化

目的优化乙型流感病毒在无血清悬浮培养MDCK细胞上的增殖条件。方法以乙型流感病毒感染无血清悬浮培养的MDCK细胞,对培养条件中的MOI(10^-1、10^-2、10^-3、10^-4、10^-5、10^-6、10^-7)、胰酶终浓度(2. 5、5、7. 5、10、15、20μg/mL)、细胞接毒密度(50×10⁴、100×10⁴、300×10⁴、500×10⁴、700×10⁴个/mL)及病毒收获时间(24、48、72、96、120 h)进行优化。同时对流感病毒在贴壁培养及无血清悬浮培养MDCK细胞上的增殖情况进行比较。结果乙型流感病毒在无血清悬浮培养MDCK细胞上最适增殖条件为:MOI为10^-2、胰酶终浓度为10μg/m L、细胞接毒密度为300×10⁴个/mL、病毒收获时间为72 h。流感病毒在...     

人源抗破伤风毒素单克隆抗体的中和活性和预防治疗作用

目的 考察人源抗破伤风毒素单克隆抗体的中和活性及体内预防治疗作用。方法 对分泌人源抗破伤风毒素单克隆抗体(人源单抗)的两株细胞进行培养,并对其抗体进行纯化及检定。结果 人源单抗在小鼠体外具有中和活性。较高的剂量可完全中和毒素,延长小鼠生存时间。不同的人源单抗中和活性不同。单抗在小鼠攻毒实验中均具有一定的预防和治疗作用。结论 人源单抗可用于破伤风感染的预防治疗。     

改良维持液培养aG株狂犬病病毒制备病毒原液

目的通过改良维持液的缓冲体系,改进aG株狂犬病病毒的培养条件,制备高滴度的病毒原液。方法在传统病毒维持液的基础上,补加缓冲盐和碳酸氢钠,在相同的条件下,分别用传统维持液和改良维持液培养病毒,收获2次病毒液,混合,经300 KD膜包超滤、Sepharose 4FF纯化后,制成病毒原液,采用ELISA法检测抗原含量,按《中国药典》三部(2010版)方法检测病毒滴度、效力、宿主DNA和宿主细胞蛋白残留量,用便携式pH计检测pH值。结果改良维持液制备的病毒原液的抗原含量、病毒滴度及效力均高于对照维持液;两种维持液制备的病毒原液的宿主蛋白和宿主细胞DNA残留量均符合《中国药典》三部(2010版)要求;改良维持液的缓冲能力明显增强,对病毒培养过程中pH值的控制明显优于对照维持液。结论改良维持液培养狂犬病病毒制备的病毒原液滴度较高,可改进传统aG株狂犬病病毒生产的病毒原液滴度较低的现状。     

Sabin株和野毒株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗在恒河猴体内不同免疫方案的比较

目的评价Sabin株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine,sIPV)和野毒株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(Wild strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine,wIPV)在恒河猴体内不同免疫方案的免疫原性。方法将25只恒河猴随机分为5组:sIPV组(免疫3剂sIPV)、sIPV/口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(oral attenuated poliovirus vaccine,OPV)组(免疫2剂sIPV后,再免疫2剂OPV)、wIPV组(免疫3剂wIPV)、wIPV/OPV组(免疫2剂wIPV后,再免疫2剂OPV)和对照组(免疫3次稀释液M199),每组5只。OPV口服接种,IPV和M199经上臂三角肌处肌肉注射,2剂间免疫间隔时间为1个月。首次免疫前和每剂免疫后1个月采血,分离血清,采用微量中和试验法测定血清中抗脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体效价。结果除对照组外的4个试验组全程免疫结束后,恒河猴血清中均可检出较高水平的中和抗体,且所有恒河猴血清中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体全部阳转。Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型抗体免疫应答中,接种sIPV的2个试验组中和抗体水平高于接种wIPV的2个试验组(P<0.05);Ⅱ型免疫应答中,接种wIPV的2个试验组中和抗体水平高于接种sIPV的2个试验组(P<0.05)。采用wIPV/OPV序贯免疫,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体免疫应答均可获得与单独接种wIPV同样的效果;而采用sIPV/OPV序贯免疫,Ⅰ型抗体免疫应答效果低于单独接种sIPV,Ⅱ型抗体水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Ⅲ型抗体第4剂免疫后水平也有所上升。结论 sIPV和wIPV在恒河猴体内均可诱导良好的免疫应答,初步证实了IPV/OPV序贯免疫的可行性,为今后免疫策略的制定提供了一定的实验依据。