Synthesis and characterisation of nanosized TiO2-ZrO2 binary system prepared by an aqueous sol-gel process: Physical and sensing properties

Nanostructured TiO₂-ZrO₂ thin films and powders were prepared by a straightforward aqueous particulate sol-gel route. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide and zirconium (IV) acetate hydrate were used as precursors, and hydroxypropyl cellulose was used as a polymeric fugitive agent in order to increase the specific surface area. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the powder were crystallised at the low temperature of 500 °C, containing anatase-TiO₂ and tetragonal-ZrO₂ phases. Furthermore, it was found that ZrO₂ retarded the anatase-to-rutile transformation up to 900 °C. The activation energies for crystallite growth of TiO₂ and ZrO₂ components in the binary system were calculated 10.16 and 3.12 kJ/mol, respectively. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that one of the smallest crystallite sizes was obtained for TiO₂-ZrO₂ binary mixed oxide, being 5 nm at 500 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis revealed that the deposited thin films had nanostructured morphology with the average grain size of 20 nm at 500 °C and 36 nm at 900 °C. Thin films produced under optimised conditions showed excellent microstructural properties for gas sensing applications. They exhibited a remarkable response towards low concentrations of CO and NO₂ gases at low operating temperature of 150 °C, resulted in an increase of thermal stability of sensing films as well as a decrease in the power consumption. Furthermore, calibration curves revealed that TiO₂-ZrO₂ sensor follows the power law, S = A[gas]^B (where S is sensor response, coefficients A and B are constants and [gas] is gas concentration) for the two types of gases, and it has excellent capability for the detection of low gas concentrations.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备有机改性硅酸盐的研究进展

综述了有机改性硅酸盐的溶胶－凝胶合成路线，并简要介绍它们的结构、性能及应用     

纤维素-二氧化硅复合颗粒的制备与表征

探索了可用作色谱填料的纤维素-SiO2复合颗粒的制备方法,将纤维素和硅胶溶于NaOH／尿素体系中,得到纤维素-SiO2溶液,用溶胶一凝胶转相法制得复合颗粒．研究了乳化剂用量、搅拌转速、纤维素分子量以及纤维素和SiO2的投料比对所制备的复合颗粒粒径和形貌的影响,以扫描电镜、粒径分析等对复合颗粒进行了表征．发现粘度小的分散相和分子量小的纤维素适合制备粒径大的复合颗粒,反之亦然．当纤维素与SiOz的投料比大于3：1时,复合颗粒呈球形,小于3：1时,多数颗粒的形状为无定形;当乳化剂Span80的用量为10％,搅拌转速为600r／min时,复合颗粒的形状较规则．在不同的条件下,所制备颗粒的体积平均粒径为9～45μm,比表面积在110～4802／g之间．调节乳化剂用量、搅拌转速、纤维素分子量以及纤维素与SiO2的投料比,能制备出粒径适当、比表面积大的复合颗粒,这些颗粒具有介孔结构,且孔径分布较均匀,机械强度高,适合用作色谱分离填料．     

纳米TiO2的溶胶-凝胶法制备及其表征

以钛酸正丁酯（TNB）-去离子水-盐酸-乙酰丙酮（Acac）的乙醇溶液为反应体系,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶颗粒。通过DLS、XRD和HRTEM等表征手段对TiO2颗粒的生成过程、其粒径和晶型的调控等方面进行研究。发现低温环境下TiO2的生成主要经历水解反应形成螯合物、缩合反应生成TiO2溶胶、TiO2溶胶颗粒融合这三个阶段。并且通过调节反应温度和催化剂浓度,可在无需高温锻烧的情况下,制得具有典型锐钛矿晶型的高分散性TiO2溶胶颗粒。     

Synthesis and magnetic properties of CuFe2O4 nanotube arrays

CuFe2O4 nanotube arrays with different outer diameters were synthesized in anodic aluminum oxide templates through sol-gel techniques followed by heating treatment processes. The morphology of the nanotube arrays was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy, suggesting that the nanotube arrays are ordered and uniform. The X-ray diffraction results indicate that the crystal structure of the nanotube arrays is polycrystalline with a spinel-type structure. The measurements of magnetic properties indicate that CuFe2O4 nanotube arrays with outer diameter of 200 nm exhibit magnetic anisotropy with easy magnetization direction along the axis of nanotubes.     

sol-gel法制备WO3薄膜的成膜性研究

用sol-gel法在ITO导电玻璃上制备了WO3电致变色薄膜,用光学显微镜对所有薄膜进行拍照,对比薄膜的成膜情况.经观察发现,薄膜前驱液浓度、拉膜速度和杂质对成膜性均有显著影响.从拉膜的过程方面讨论了出现上述情况的原因.     

Ce掺杂对纳米TiO2结构和光催化性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯和硝酸亚铈为实验原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ce掺杂的TiO2纳米粒子,并利用XRD、DRS、TEM、BET等测试技术对样品进行了表征,且以高压汞灯为光源,甲基橙水溶液的脱色为模型反应,考察了Ce掺杂对纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响．结果表明：Ce掺杂能提高纳米TiO2的光催化活性,有效抑制TiO2纳米粒子的生长和在高温下的相变,增大其比表面积,并使TiO2纳米粒子的光谱响应范围拓展到可见光区,当掺杂Ce的物质的量分数为0．5%时,TiOz纳米粒子的光催化活性达到最佳．     

聚乙烯醇对Al2O3薄膜的影响

摘要：以异丙醇铝为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍提拉技术在玻璃栽片上进行涂膜并观察聚乙烯醇（PVA）对薄膜的影响．通过热重分析、红外光谱、硬度、原子力显微镜等测试手段研究了PVA加入量对薄膜结构及性能的影响．实验结果表明,随着PVA添加量的增加,制膜液黏度也随之增加．PVA的最佳加入量为质量分数5％的水溶液20mL;加入20mL,5％PVA后的Al2O3膜具有良好的耐热性;薄膜表面均一平整,有较高的孔隙率,并且孔径分布较均匀,所得平均孔径约为50．3714nm;烧结前,添加PVA薄膜的硬度略大于未添加PVA的薄膜;在烧结后,添加PVA与未添加PVA对Al2O3膜的硬度影响不大;玻璃载片与薄膜之间的黏接性能较好．     

非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜及光电催化性能的研究

摘要： 性能．结果表明：不同涂覆层数的TiO2薄膜表面结构变化不大,TiO2呈锐钛矿．光电催化性能测试结果显示：甲基橙的脱色率随外加电压的增加而增加;甲基橙浓度的增加使脱色率逐渐降低;在酸性条件下脱色效果要好于中性和碱性条件下．在甲基橙的初始质量浓度为15mg／L,外加电压1500mV,pH为3时,甲基橙的脱色率约30min即可达到平衡,可达90％左右．