School-Based Child-Centered Play Therapy with Hispanic Children: Outcomes and Cultural Consideration.

Hispanic children are the fastest growing segment of the population. Numerous factors place them at-risk for school success. This study examined the effects of Child-Centered Play Therapy (CCPT) compared to a curriculum-based small group intervention with 29 Hispanic children referred for school counseling due to behavior problems. Children were assigned to treatment groups by random drawing within grade levels. Treatment was provided by Hispanic bilingual counselors. Statistical analysis revealed that, according to parent report, children receiving CCPT showed statistically significant decreases in externalizing behavior problems, compared to the curriculum-based treatment group. Effect size calculations revealed that CCPT demonstrated a large treatment effect on externalizing behavior problems and a moderate treatment effect on internalizing behavior problems. Cultural considerations and recommendations for practice and future research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

肿瘤外科术后感染预防护理42例体会

目的观察通过护理干预降低肿瘤术后感染的发生率。方法随机抽取2009年肿瘤术后患者42例,针对术后感染相关因素采取护理干预,统计患者感染发生率。结果采取有针对性的护理干预后,患者术后感染率有一定程度的降低。结论对肿瘤术后感染相关因素进行护理干预,可明显降低术后感染率。     

图像处理在机器人辅助外科手术中的应用状况

在综述了目前外科和一些介入式手术的图像导航技术和成果基础上,对图像导航系统中的关键技术进行了分析。提出了将来图像导航系统的可能技术组成,并展望了这些技术在诊断和治疗中将达到微创化、智能化和人性化所起到的作用。     

Proteome alterations induced in human white blood cells by consumption of Brussels sprouts: Results of a pilot intervention study

Epidemiological studies indicate a correlation of cruciferous vegetables consumption with reduced incidence of cancer. This study was designed to investigate molecular mechanisms, which may help to understand the beneficial effects of Brussels sprout consumption. In order to avoid the limitations of in vitro model systems, we performed a dietary intervention study with five participants. We investigated, whether sprout consumption affects the proteome profile of primary white blood cells. In order to achieve maximal sensitivity in detecting specific adaptive proteome alterations, we metabolically labelled freshly isolated cells in the presence of ³⁵S‐methionine/cysteine and performed autoradiographic quantification of protein synthesis. Proteins were separated by 2‐DE and spots of interest were cut out, digested and identified by MS. After the intervention, we found a significant up‐regulation of the synthesis of manganese superoxide dismutase (1.56‐fold) and significant down‐regulation of the synthesis of heat shock 70 kDa protein (hsp70; 2.27‐fold). Both proteins play a role in malignant transformation of cells. Hsp‐70 is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, which leads to elimination of cancer cells, while SOD plays a key role in protection against reactive oxygen species mediated effects. Our findings indicate that the alteration of the synthesis of these proteins may be involved in the anticarcinogenic effects of cruciferous vegetables, which was observed in earlier laboratory studies with animals.     

Exhaust ventilation in attached garages improves residential indoor air quality

Previous research has shown that indoor benzene levels in homes with attached garages are higher than homes without attached garages. Exhaust ventilation in attached garages is one possible intervention to reduce these concentrations. To evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention, a randomized crossover study was conducted in 33 Ottawa homes in winter 2014. VOCs including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and air exchange rates were measured over four 48‐hour periods when a garage exhaust fan was turned on or off. A blower door test conducted in each garage was used to determine the required exhaust fan flow rate to provide a depressurization of 5 Pa in each garage relative to the home. When corrected for ambient concentrations, the fan decreased geometric mean indoor benzene concentrations from 1.04 to 0.40 μg/m³, or by 62% (P<.05). The garage exhaust fan also significantly reduced outdoor‐corrected geometric mean indoor concentrations of other pollutants, including toluene (53%), ethylbenzene (47%), m,p‐xylene (45%), o‐xylene (43%), and carbon monoxide (23%) (P<.05) while having no impact on the home air exchange rate. This study provides evidence that mechanical exhaust ventilation in attached garages can reduce indoor concentrations of pollutants originating from within attached garages.     

英国食品监督检查良好实践研究

英国在食品监督检查方面有着许多良好的方法值得国内的学习和借鉴,本文通过介绍英国食品监督检查手段和分析实例数据,总结其监督检查实践经验,从而提出适合中国食品监管的合理建议。首先,简述了英国食品安全现行法律法规、相兲食品监管部门,以及食品监管部门的权职划分,详述了主要监管手段干预(特别是检查工作)的具体内容,以及基于风险的干预分级和干预频率。然后对英联邦地区近年的实例数据迚行了搜集和分析,其中包括:2016~2017各类干预工作执行的数量情况;2014~2017 3个年度检查和采样检验数量的变化情况;2014~20173个年度食品监管部门为各地区食品企业配备的检查员数量情况。同时,分析了检查和采样检验数量之间的兲系及其对食品安全的影响。最后,基于英国食品监督检查良好实践,结合国内食品监管具体情况总结了经验,幵提出了迚一步优化食品安全管理的建议。     

主动干预模式心理咨询对大学生心理健康的影响

针对大学生在心理咨询中存在主动性差的问题,笔者以辽东学院2011级"问题大学生"为研究对象,运用文献法、实验法以及测量法研究与探讨了心理咨询主动干预实践对大学生心理健康产生的积极影响。研究结果表明,心理咨询主动干预与大学生心理健康水平存在着一定的正相关,因此,建议在大学中应采取主动干预的心理咨询模式,积极探求解决大学生心理健康问题的新方法与新思路,从而促进大学生心理健康水平的提高。     

Efficacy of a brief worksite intervention to reduce smoking: The roles of behavioral and implementation intentions.

The effectiveness of worksite interventions to reduce smoking needs to be enhanced because randomized controlled trials to date have produced mixed findings. The present study tested the ability of social-cognitive variables to mediate the past behavior-future behavior relationship and the effectiveness of implementation intentions to break the past behavior-future behavior relationship in a brief theory-based worksite intervention designed to reduce smoking. Smoking behavior and psychosocial orientation to quit (operationalized by theory of planned behavior variables and temptations) were measured at baseline; participants (N=90) randomized to the experimental condition were also asked to form an implementation intention in their place of work. Identical measures taken 2 months postbaseline revealed that intention was a potent mediator of the past behavior-future behavior relationship. More important, significantly more people quit smoking in the experimental condition than in the control condition. Decomposition of these effects showed that implementation intentions worked best for individuals who were more motivated to quit at baseline and suggest that harnessing both motivational and volitional processes might enhance the effectiveness of worksite smoking cessation programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

大学生考试作弊心理干预研究

大学生考试作弊被考务人员发现并形成事实是大学校园客观存在的一种现象,极易引发学生产生严重的心理危机.在总结考试作弊被发现后大学生心理危机特点的基础上,根据心理危机干预原理,提出了考试作弊后心理危机干预的方法和措施.     

A randomized controlled trial study of the ABRACADABRA reading intervention program in grade 1.

This study reports a randomized controlled trial evaluation of a computer-based balanced literacy intervention, ABRACADABRA (http://grover.concordia.ca/abra/version1/abracadabra.html). Children (N = 144) in Grade 1 were exposed either to computer activities for word analysis, text comprehension, and fluency, alongside shared stories (experimental groups), or to balanced literacy approaches delivered by their classroom teachers (control group). Two computer-based interventions—a phoneme-based synthetic phonics method and a rime-based analytic phonics method—were contrasted. Children were taught 4 times per week for 12 weeks in small groups. There were significant improvements in letter knowledge in the analytic phonics program and significant improvements in phonological awareness, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension at immediate posttest and in phonological awareness and reading fluency at a delayed posttest in the synthetic phonics program. Effect size analyses confirmed that both interventions had a significant impact on literacy at both posttests. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)