纤维增强聚氨酯泡沫塑料技术及应用

综述了纤维增强聚氨酯泡沫塑料(FFU)的种类、性能特点以及应用领域,讨论了纤维对FFU相关性能的影响以及FFU的增强和破坏机理,并展望了本领域的未来发展方向。     

不同比例注料技术在家用电冰箱发泡上的应用研究

介绍了家用电冰箱注料量的初始估算方法和不同比例注料技术在家用电冰箱发泡上的应用。通过对电冰箱内注入相对于充盈注料量不同比例值的聚氨酯隔热泡沫,解剖并分析电冰箱内的发泡层落料点、反应、爬升、汇集等外观现象,采集数据,进行理论分析及研究,可以保证电冰箱在实际生产中的发泡层质量,降低生产成本。     

PU合成革在汽车内饰中的应用

阐述了汽车内饰革由传统的聚氯乙烯(PVC)人造革逐渐向高性能聚氨酯(PU)合成革发展的趋势,对各类汽车内饰革的不同生产工艺、制作方法及性能特点进行了分析,同时提出了汽车内饰革发展循环经济的目标。     

SiO2对聚氨酯杂化膜微孔结构及性能的影响

用热致相分离法制备了PU/SiO2杂化膜,研究了不同SiO2及其用量对PU/SiO2/溶剂体系微孔膜微孔结构的影响,并测试了膜的水通量.结果表明:具有不同结构的SiO2能够提高溶剂二氧六环的结晶温度,即冷却速率加快,使微孔膜的微孔尺寸细化,同时使微量水的结晶温度也有所不同,水的冻结温度与孔尺寸的大小直接相关.在冷却速率较快的体系中,形成的微孔尺寸较小,因此其水的冻结温度较低;而冷却速率较慢,形成的微孔尺寸较大,因此其水的冻结温度较高.SiO2的结构将影响与PU之间界面成孔的形态不同,SiO2的粒径越小,其与PU膜接触面积加大,增加了膜孔的连通性,使PU膜的水通量增大.     

一种新型软泡聚醚多元醇的研制

在碱性催化剂作用下,甘油与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷进行混聚成粗聚醚多元醇,经中和、干燥、过滤得到软泡聚醚多元醇。该聚醚多元醇的质量指标为羟值54～58mg/g,粘度400～600mPa.s,酸值0.05mg/g,pH值5～7。     

PU/PVC复合膜的制备及应用

采用湿法相转化法制备了PU/PVC/SiO2复合膜,并用膜性能测试仪、扫描电子显微镜测试了膜的性能与结构.结果显示:SiO2的加入,可改善PU杂化膜的微孔结构并优化膜的性能,在该体系中加入PVC和PU共混,可以提高成膜速度及微孔结构,水通量和截留率得到了明显的提高.将制得的超滤膜用于处理麻杆蒸煮废液取得了较好的效果,与PU复合膜的对卵清蛋白的截留测试结果是一致的.     

衬布用聚氨酯热熔胶粉的研究

衬布业界非常期盼聚氨酯热熔胶粉的面世,以进一步提高衬布的品质.但自上世纪90年代以来的研究报道却表明,这一设想并不乐观.首先现有的聚氨酯热熔胶并不完全能满足衬布业的需要,其次对聚氨酯的粉碎有一定的困难.通过研究,采用化学粉碎法,用不同细化助剂进行粉碎实验,找到了一种可以使普通聚氨酯热熔胶粉碎成胶粉的有效途径.可制备出满足衬布行业性能要求的粉末.结果表明,相同粘接条件下,聚氨酯热熔胶粉的剥离强度比聚乙烯衬布用热熔胶粉大一倍以上.     

紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的研究进展

介绍了UV固化PUA水性涂料和PUA粉末涂料的研究进展,并对PUA涂料在多官能度树脂、双固化体系和有机一无机复合涂料等几个方面的进展进行了综述。     

Control of growth and inflammatory response of macrophages and foam cells with nanotopography

ABSTRACT: Macrophages play an important role in modulating the immune function of the human body, while foam cells differentiated from macrophages with subsequent fatty streak formation play a key role in atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that nanotopography modulates the behavior and function of macrophages and foam cells without bioactive agent. In the present study, nanodot arrays ranging from 10 to 200 nm were used to evaluate the growth and function of macrophages and foam cells. In the quantitative analysis, the cell adhesion area in macrophages increased with 10- to 50-nm nanodot arrays compared to the flat surface, while it decreased with 100- and 200-nm nanodot arrays. A similar trend of adhesion was observed in foam cells. Immunostaining, specific to vinculin and actin filaments, indicated that a 50-nm surface promoted cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization. On the contrary, 200-nm surfaces hindered cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization. Further, based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data, expression of inflammatory genes was upregulated for the 100- and 200-nm surfaces in macrophages and foam cells. This suggests that nanodots of 100 and 200 nm triggered immune inflammatory stress response. In summary, nanotopography controls cell morphology, adhesions, and proliferation. By adjusting the nanodot diameter, we could modulate the growth and expression of function-related genes in the macrophages and foam cell system. The nanotopography-mediated control of cell growth and morphology provides potential insight for designing cardiovascular implants.     

Influence of the glass–calcium carbonate mixture's characteristics on the foaming process and the properties of the foam glass

We prepared foam glasses from cathode-ray-tube panel glass and CaCO₃ as a foaming agent. We investigated the influences of powder preparation, CaCO₃ concentration and foaming temperature and time on the density, porosity and homogeneity of the foam glasses. The results show that the decomposition kinetics of CaCO₃ has a strong influence on the foaming process. The decomposition temperature can be modified by varying the milling time of the glass–CaCO₃ mixture and thus for a specific CaCO₃ concentration an optimum milling time exists, at which a minimum in density and a homogeneous closed porosity are obtained. Under the optimum preparation conditions the samples exhibit a density of 260 kg/m³. The thermal conductivity of the foam glass was measured to be 50–53 mW/(m K). The observed dependence of the foaming process on the decomposition kinetics of the foaming agent can be applied as a universal rule for foaming processes based on thermal decomposition.