德国用环戊烷代替氟里昂（CFC）作为硬质PU泡沫发泡剂的新技术

本文介绍了环戊烷的运输，多元醇／环戊烷混合装置及混合料储存的技术并详细叙述使用环戊烷作为发泡剂的安全方法。     

Preparation and properties of microcapsule with EVA core‐PU shell structure

Microcapsule with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinylacetate) (EVA) core‐polyurethane (PU) shell structure was synthesized by interfacial polymerization in aqueous polyol dispersion with ethylene diamine as the chain extender of toluene diisocyanate in poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solution as the stabilizing agent. The effects of polyol constituent on the average particle size and distributions, morphologies, color strength, and friction fastness of core‐shell particles were investigated to design microcapsule. The friction fastness of printed fabrics with EVA core‐PU shell microcapsules became the increase to 4–5 grades. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 893–902, 2007     

传感器用双组分加成型硅凝胶的研究

以聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷为基胶、含氢硅油为交联剂、氯铂酸配合物为催化剂、含乙烯基的MQ树脂为补强填料、含环氧基的硅氧烷为增粘剂 ,配制加成型双组分硅凝胶 ;研究了聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷基胶摩尔质量、交联剂的用量、催化剂的用量、MQ树脂的用量、增粘剂的用量等对硅凝胶性能的影响。结果表明 :选用粘度为 12 0 0～ 15 0 0mPa·s的基胶 ,按基胶质量计交联剂用量为 3 5 %～ 4 0 % ,MQ树脂用量为 6 0 %～ 8 0 % ,增粘剂用量为 0 9% ,铂催化剂用量 60× 10 - 6 ,可制得外观无色透明 ,硫化时间 3～ 6h、针入度大于 10 0的硅凝胶     

中空玻璃用热熔密封胶的研制

采用丁基橡胶研制用于中空玻璃单道密封的热熔胶.研究主体树脂品种、增黏剂、改性剂、填料的类型及用量对材料性能的影响.实验采用正交方法对胶料成分进行配比,在开放式塑炼机的混炼下得到热熔密封胶胶料,并测得胶料与玻璃的黏接性、拉伸性及流变性.实验结果表明：加入具有良好增黏作用的低分子聚异丁烯以及石蜡,都有利于提高胶条的黏接性能,丁基橡胶对胶条的拉伸性能影响最大,加入少量石蜡,可以降低黏度,增加其流动性.     

Properties and pervaporation separation of hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene‐based polyurethane/poly(methyl metharcylate) interpenetrating networks membranes

Hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), 4,4′‐dicyclohexyl methane diiscyanate (H₁₂MDI), and 1,4‐butane diol are used to synthesize polyurethane (PU) solutions by two‐stage process. Interpenetrating networks (IPNs) of HTPB‐based PU and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with HTPB/MMA (wt/wt % ratio) = 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 1.5, 0.8, and 0.6, which are designated as IPN1 to IPN5, respectively, are synthesized by sequential polymerization technique. Thermal properties, tensile strength, and contact angle of membranes increase with the increase of MMA content, while the elongation of membranes show the reverse trend. Characterization of membranes are investigated by C?C/C?O absorption ratio and infrared absorption frequency shiftment. These PU and IPN membranes are used for the separation of ethanol/water and isopropanol/water solution by pervaporation test. IPN3 membrane possesses the largest pervaporation permeability and the separation factor. The pervaporation results of ethanol/water feed has the same trend as that of isopropyl alcohol (IPA)/water solution. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Thermo gravimetric analysis and morphological behavior of castor oil based polyurethane–polyester nonwoven fabric composites

Castor oil (CO) based polyurethane (PU)– polyester nonwoven fabric composites were fabricated by impregnating the polyester nonwoven fabric in a reactive composition containing CO and diisocyanate. Composites were fabricated with two different isocyanates such as toluene‐2, 4‐diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies of the composites were performed to establish the thermal stability and their mode of thermal degradation. It was found that degradation of neat PU takes place in two steps and that of polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced PU composites takes place in three steps. From the TGA thermograms, a little improvement in thermal stability incase of polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced PU composites were noticed compared to unreinforced PUs. Degradation kinetic parameters were obtained for the composites using Broido, Coats and Redfern, and Horowitz and Metzger methods. Tensile fractured composite specimens were used to analyze the morphology of the composites by scanning electron microscopic technique. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

导电有机硅密封剂的研究

以镀银镍粉为导电填料、端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基胶、经硅烷表面处理的白炭黑为补强填料,有机锡为催化剂,制成了高导电室温硫化双组分有机硅密封剂;研究了导电机理、镀银镍粉的加入量对有机硅密封剂的导电性能和电磁屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明,当镀银镍粉的体积分数超过25%时,有机硅密封剂的电性能明显提高;当镀银镍粉的体积分数达到35%以上时,有机硅密封剂的体积电阻率下降近10个数量级;当镀银镍粉的体积分数为50.5%时,有机硅密封剂在高频率范围具有良好的电磁屏蔽性能。     

纳米CaSO_4晶须改性聚氨酯密封胶的制备

通过三种聚醚制成的密封胶进行对比,具体考察了CaSO4晶须对密封胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,在单组分湿固化聚氨酯密封胶中添加纳米CaSO4晶须后,密封胶的剪切强度得到提高,硬度和弹性变化不大。使用CaSO4晶须替代气相二氧化硅,在降低成本的同时,密封胶的触变性仍然很好。     

聚氨酯/聚四氟乙烯耐磨防腐涂层表面结构的研究

研究了以聚氨酯和γ辐照的聚四氟乙烯组成的耐磨防腐涂层的耐磨寿命及耐水性。用付里叶红外和ESCA等分析了涂层表面的化学结构及形貌,揭示了涂层表面富集的聚四氟乙烯与聚氨酯树脂形成牢固的结合时,涂层具有良好的耐磨性及抗腐蚀性.     

耐水聚烯烃聚氨酯涂料的研制

以端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB），甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDD）以及有关配合剂为原料，制备了无溶剂双组分的聚烯烃聚氨酯涂料，经过组分贮存稳定性和涂料吸水性，加速老化，自然贮存等试验，结果表明涂料的各项性能稳定，具有良好的耐水腐蚀作用，是比较优越的耐水腐蚀性涂料。