Grain‐Boundary “Patches” by In Situ Conversion to Enhance Perovskite Solar Cells Stability

The power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells has increased rapidly, but the device stability remains a big challenge. Previous studies show the grain boundary (GB) can facilitate ion migration and initiate device degradation. Herein, methimazole (MMI) is employed for the first time to construct a surface “patch” by in situ converting residual PbI₂ at GBs. The resultant MMI–PbI₂ complex can effectively suppress ion migration and inhibit diffusion of the metal electrodes. The origin of the surface “patch” effect and their working mechanisms are investigated experimentally and theoretically at the microscopic level. It hence demonstrates a simple and effective method to prolong the device stability in the context of GB engineering, which could be extensively applied to perovskite‐based optoelectronics.     

风能、太阳能储能用铅蓄电池的开发前景

分析了风能、太阳能独立发电系统储能蓄电池的使用状况,探讨了储能蓄电池使用环境对蓄电池的要求,认为储能蓄电池开发和应用面临着很多困难,需从板栅合金、铅膏配方、固化、化成等各工序进行分析研究,力争有所突破。     

基于ST7单片机的太阳能直流供电系统控制器设计

设计一种用ST7单片机构成的全数字化太阳能直流供电系统控制器。系统在ST7单片机的控制下,能将太阳能电池转换的直流电进行有效存储和合理使用。系统充分利用了ST7单片机的软件资源,最大程度地简化了硬件电路,使电源具有较高的性价比和可靠性。     

太阳能发电技术在500kV芝堰变电站的应用

光伏发电技术是可再生能源技术的一个重要组成部分。介绍了500 kV芝堰变电站光伏并网发电系统,采集了光伏并网发电的数据,分析、模拟计算太阳能光伏系统的效益,在此基础上总结光伏发电系统使用中的优点及存在的问题。     

江西电网光伏电源规模化接入的对策探讨

介绍了国内外太阳能光伏发电的研究与应用现状,结合太阳能光伏发电的原理与主电路结构,详细分析了光伏并网中可能出现的电压偏差、电压波动、谐波与直流偏磁、不平衡和故障状态及保护配置等方面的问题。阐述了江西省太阳能资源的分布和近期的规划建设情况,以拟建设的新余10MW光伏并网电站为例,初步探讨了其并网可能产生的影响。针对江西电网光伏电源可能出现的规模化接入问题,从技术研究和管理手段两方面提出了相应建议。     

Attraction and Repulsion of Nucleons: Sources of Stellar Energy

The potential energy of a nuclide is enhanced by about 10 MeV per nucleon from the repulsion between like nucleons, and diminished by about 20 MeV per nucleon from the attraction between unlike nucleons. Nuclear stability results mostly from the interplay of these opposing forces, plus Coulomb repulsion of positive charges. Whereas fusion may be the primary mechanism by which first generation stars produce energy, repulsion between like nucleons may cause neutron emission from the collapsed core (neutron star) produced in a terminal supernova explosion and initiate luminosity in second generation stars that accrete on such objects. As noted earlier [1], the scarcity of solar neutrinos, the enrichment of light isotopes in the solar wind, and the presence of abundant short-lived nuclides and interlinked chemical and isotopic heterogeneities in the early solar system might also be explained if the Sun formed in this manner.     

基于红外辐射特性的单波段红外图像被动测距

以单波段红外图像被动测距为研究背景,首先分析了凝视型红外探测系统的工作原理,将其工作过程分为入瞳前和入瞳后两个不同的阶段,其中第一阶段与目标距离相关,而第二阶段则决定于红外探测系统本身的传递函数,而后对图像像素灰度与入瞳处辐亮度之间的关系进行了表述;然后针对点目标与面目标的成像特点,分别计算了相应的目标与背景的入瞳处幅亮度差,得出:两者的红外辐射特性存在一致性.基于短时间内目标近似匀速运动的假设,推导了单波段红外图像被动测距方法.最后利用外场实测中长波红外图像对该算法进行了验证,并对测距结果和测距误差进行了详细分析.     

Solvent‐Assisted Low‐Temperature Crystallization of SnO2 Electron‐Transfer Layer for High‐Efficiency Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

A high‐quality polycrystalline SnO₂ electron‐transfer layer is synthesized through an in situ, low‐temperature, and unique butanol–water solvent‐assisted process. By choosing a mixture of butanol and water as a solvent, the crystallinity is enhanced and the crystallization temperature is lowered to 130 °C, making the process fully compatible with flexible plastic substrates. The best solar cells fabricated using these layers achieve an efficiency of 20.52% (average 19.02%) which is among the best in the class of planar n–i–p‐type perovskite (MAPbI₃) solar cells. The strongly reduced crystallization temperature of the materials allows their use on a flexible substrate, with a resulting device efficiency of 18%.     

FY-2C卫星太阳电池阵在轨性能分析

风云二号气象卫星(C星)在轨工作近六年,该卫星电源系统采用BSFR太阳电池阵,这是空间电源工程首次在地球静止轨道上应用。母线电流遥测数据分析表明,太阳电池阵在同步轨道四年衰降约11%。     

New Linkage with Linear Actuator for Tracking PV Systems with Large Angular Stroke

This paper focuses on the development of an optimized photovoltaic tracking system involving low-cost, relative simple mechanisms, with linear actuators able to insure strokes comparable with those resulted when using gear rotary actuators. Starting with a rhombus linkage, with a linear actuator on the diagonal used for the elevation motion till 90°, a new performance solution is generated. This new linkage allows large angular strokes by using an asymmetric rhombus and an eccentrically positioned linear ac...