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81.
In situ imaging techniques in conjunction with electrochemical measurements were used to study the behavior of steel surfaces in simple chloride solutions. The imaging method detected the presence of significantly thicker uniform layers than the original passive oxide. The layers were found to form in chloride after the steel was anodically polarized following reduction of the passive oxide film. The growth of the layer depended on the degree of prior passive oxide reduction. Formation of the layer was also sensitive to underlying structure and enabled rapid location of regions of higher corrosion rate across laser welds in steels. 相似文献
82.
83.
A new method of preparing CuO solar selective absorbing coating for medium temperature is presented. After pretreatment, brass
was overlaid with CuO by chemical plating. The effects of reactant concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time on
the absorptivity of CuO coating were investigated. The optimized condition of preparing CuO coating was obtained. The CuO
coating was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In order to prolong
the period of use, the CuO coating was protected by TiO2. The experiment shows that the TiO2/CuO coating is more heat-resistant, acid-resistant, and wear resistant than CuO coating, without losing absorptivity markedly.
The TiO2 coating can reduce emissivity and protect the CuO coating.
Translated from Journal of Tianjin University, 2006, 39(12): 1485–1489 [译自: 天津大学学报] 相似文献
84.
Koji Fushimi 《Electrochimica acta》2006,51(7):1255-1263
Micro-indentation test of passive iron electrode in deaerated pH 8.4 borate buffer solution was carried out to investigate the rupture and repair of passive film. During driving a conical diamond micro-indenter with a load of 0.1 N order downward to the electrode and driving upward from the electrode, a couple of anodic current peaks were observed. The first current peak spiked during loading was responsible for partial exposure of iron substrate to the solution due to rupture of the passive film when the indenter tip contacted. The second peak emerged during unloading when elastic deformation recovered, which was ascribed to repair at the ruptured sites. The second peak current was larger than the first one. Both peaks were sensitively influenced by electrode potential or concentration of sulfate ions containing in solution. The model for a series of rupture and repair processes of the passive film by micro-indentation was proposed to discuss the current transients. 相似文献
85.
A simple transient performance of floating cum tilted-wick type solar still has been presented by incorporating the effects of water flowing over a glass cover, heat capacity of tilted-wick water surface and floating-wick water surface. Explicit expressions for flowing water, glass, tilted-wick water surface and floating-wick water surface temperature and efficiency of the system have been derived. Numerical calculations have been carried out for a typical day in the month of March 2004. The relative standard deviations between the numerical and experimental results of different temperature components of the proposed still have been found. The results indicate that the relative standard deviations between theoretical and experimental results are less than 8% (glass cover), 2% (tiltedwick water surface), 1% (floating-wick water surface) and 2% (flowing water at the lower end of the glass cover) an average for the working hours of the day. Moreover, based on the numerical results, the following conclusions have been drawn: (i) glass cover temperature decreases significantly; (ii) the effect of water flowing over the glass cover has a fascinating effect on the production of distillate output during peak sunny hours; (iii) water flow rate of 1.5 m/s is optimum, and beyond it the efficiency decreases. Experimental investigations have been performed at Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India. 相似文献
86.
T. Hoshikawa 《Electrochimica acta》2006,51(25):5286-5294
Effects of the electrolyte of DSCs on impedance spectra were evaluated by changing concentration of redox couple, viscosity, and additives to electrolyte. The relation with current-voltage characteristics (I-V characteristics) was investigated. In many cases, the impedance component attributed to charge transfer at TiO2|electrolyte interface demonstrated strong relation with the I-V characteristics. The recombination of electrons in TiO2 with I3− in electrolyte was a key factor in determining performance of DSCs. To evaluate the effect of I3−, diffusion-limiting current in the electrolyte for various viscosities was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. When the short circuit current (SCC) was almost equal to the diffusion-limiting current, strong influence of the diffusion coefficient on the impedance spectra was observed: impedance arcs were enlarged as the diffusion coefficient was decreased. On the other hand, when the diffusion-limiting current was larger than the SCC, photo-excitation and electron injection processes became dominating factors in the DSCs performance. The SCC was regulated by the charge recombination process at TiO2|electrolyte interface, and thus the impedance component ω3 was related to the performance in such condition. 相似文献
87.
采用共形离子溶液模型(conformalionic solution model, CIS) 在二元熔盐体系相图的基础上,对三元熔盐体系LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3进行了相图计算,得到该三元体系最低共熔点为117.7℃,相应的摩尔分数组成分别为x(LiNO3) = 0.375,x(NaNO3) = 0.075,x(KNO3) = 0.550。按照热力学最低共熔点计算结果,采用熔融法制备了三元硝酸熔盐,通过DSC和TG实验测定其最低共熔点为118.3℃,这与计算得到的结果(117.7℃)基本一致。TG测试结果表明当温度低于587.2℃时,该三元熔盐体系较为稳定,其工作温度范围为118.3~587.2℃,该三元硝酸熔盐适合在太阳能热发电中作为高温传热蓄热材料使用。 相似文献
88.
The degradation and decolourization of direct dye (Everdirect supra turguoise blue, FBL), acidic dye (Isolan orange S-RL) and vat dye (Indanthren red FBB) have been investigated by solar/TiO2 process. The effects of solution pH, dye concentration, dosage of TiO2 and nano-size of TiO2 have been studied. The increase in initial pH (3, 5 and 11) and dye concentration decrease the removal rate. The treatment for FBB and FBL dye solutions is more efficient than that of S-RL.Under optimum conditions, the color removal is found to be almost complete for FBB and FBL while that of S-RL also reaches 95%. Langmuir adsorption isotherm and modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model (L-H model) have been fitted to the experimental data and found to correlate the adsorption patterns as well as the kinetics of the dyes studied. 相似文献
89.
90.
Guiqiang Wang Ruifeng Lin Yuan Lin Xueping Li Xiaowen Zhou Xurui Xiao 《Electrochimica acta》2005,50(28):5546-5552
A novel Pt counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) was prepared by thermal decomposition of H2PtCl6 on NiP-plated glass substrate. The charge-transfer kinetic properties of the platinized NiP-plated glass electrode (Pt/NiP electrode) for triiodide reduction were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Pt/NiP electrode has the advantage over the platinized FTO conducting glass electrode (Pt/FTO electrode) in increasing the light reflectance and reducing the sheet resistance leading to improve the light harvest efficiency and the fill factor of the dye-sensitized solar cells effectively. The photon-to-current efficiency and the overall conversion efficiency of DSC using Pt/NiP counter electrode is increased by 20% and 33%, respectively, compared to that of using Pt/FTO counter electrode. Examination of the anodic dissolution and the long-term test on the variation of charge-transfer resistance indicates the good stability of the Pt/NiP electrode in the electrolyte containing iodide/triiodide. 相似文献