CSMA/CD的建模和性能分析

文章对CSMA／CD（载波侦听多址访问／冲突检测）网络建立分析模型,主要对其时延、吞吐量和介质利用率进行了性能分析,分析了该三项性能指标随网络参数的变化。最后总结出了CSMA／CD网络的优缺点。     

Isokinetic strength characteristics in wrist flexion and extension

A laboratory experiment was conducted to measure strength characteristics in dynamic (isokinetic) wrist flexion and extension. Twenty four college-age males exerted their maximum torque in both concentric flexion and extension at 60, 120, and 180°/s of angular velocity through a ±60° range of deviation from wrist neutral. Results show that velocity and motion direction significantly effected both peak torque as well as the postural displacement of peak torque. The value of peak torque decreased with an increase in velocity and the wrist angle at peak torque generally moved to a more deviated, flexed posture (from neutral) with increasing velocity as well. Peak torque for all velocity and motion-type conditions tested occurred in a flexed posture relative to neutral. It is anticipated that these results may be of use as biomechanically based considerations in the evaluation and design of upper extremity tasks involving wrist flexion/extension as well as to perhaps give insight into functional characteristics of the wrist. Finally, regression equations were developed to aid in the prediction of peak torque based upon task, individual and/or population parameters.

Relevance to industry

Results from this study should enhance the overall understanding of wrist functioning. Specifically, motion type, velocity of movement and wrist posture are important ergonomic design considerations. These results can also be used to modify existing biomechanical models that do not consider wrist variables.     

基于VB和XPC目标环境的轮胎压力监测数据采集系统

针对轮速信号的特点及轮胎压力监测系统的设计需求,利用VB的可视化编程语言和MATLAB实时仿真工具箱XPC Target及多种数据采集卡的支持,实现了汽车行驶中轮速信号的实时数据采集,并设计了基于VB和MATLAB的间接轮胎压力监测系统。     

FH4-060型高分辨堆积拒绝门

本文介绍一种用于快闪烁探测器能谱测量系统的堆积拒绝门,其分辨时间好于10ns。线路采用更新计时器,定时电容的更新时间包含在门宽度之内,原则上电路无死时间,输入计数率无上限,特别适用于高计数率的场合。电路内附反符合控制输入和门信号放大器,可实现对多道分析器的堆积拒绝和反符合控制。     

On the rate of heterogeneous catalytic reactions with ionic intermediates

A facile way to compute the rate law of a catalytic reaction with ionic intermediates is proposed, based on the theory of complex reactions. When the ionic nature of intermediates is taken into account it is necessary to add balance equations which correspond to the electroneutrality of the catalyst. Several mechanisms of the olefin hydrogenation were considered as examples.     

Fire fighting and its influence on the body

Working conditions for fire fighters can be described according to the environment temperature and the incident radiant heat flux. Measurements for this study in buildings for fire fighting training have shown that fire fighters are typically exposed to radiant heat fluxes of between 5 and 10 kWm ^-2 during this kind of exercise. The heat load can nevertheless be much higher. In one case, 42 kWm ^-2 was measured. The temperatures reached between 100 and 190°C at 1 m above ground, going up to 278°C in one case. Human trials have been performed with 17 fire fighters. After exercises (about 15 min) in a heated room, the mean core temperature of the fire fighters rose by 0.6°C with a surrounding temperature of 31°C and 1.0°C with 38°C. The sweat production varied from 0.7 to 2.1 lh ^-1; 16% to 45% of sweat remained in the clothing layers. During the exercises in the training buildings, a mean of 48°C has been measured between fire fighters' clothing and workwear. These conditions lead to an increase of the relative humidity in all the jackets up to 100%. When the fire fighters came out of the fire, the humidity remained at this level in the PVC coated jackets while it was in some cases strongly reduced in breathable jackets.     

Effect of varying levels of mental workload on startle eyeblink modulation

Previous research using punctuate reaction time and counting tasks has found that the startle eyeblink reflex is sensitive to attentional demands. The present experiment explored whether startle eyeblink is also modulated during a complex continuous task and is sensitive to different levels of mental workload. Participants (N = 14) performed a visual horizontal tracking task either alone (single-task condition) or in combination with a visual gauge monitoring task (multiple-task condition) for three minutes. On some task trials, the startle eyeblink reflex was elicited by a noise burst. Results showed that startle eyeblink was attenuated during both tasks and that the attenuation was greater during the multiple-task condition than during the single-task condition. Subjective ratings, endogenous eyeblink rate, heart period, and heart period variability provided convergent validity of the workload manipulations. The findings suggest that the startle eyeblink is sensitive to the workload demands associated with a continuous visual task. The application of startle eyeblink modulation as a workload metric and the possibility that it may be diagnostic of workload demands in different stimulus modalities is discussed.     

基于神经元网络的选择型问卷识别技术

在问卷调查数据自动识别和统计过程中,由于纸张的折叠、弯曲、变形及受污染等原因引起的数据误判时有发生,考虑到手工统计的繁杂性,开发一种自动、高效的智能处理系统具有相当大的实用价值。提出应用神经网络对调查问卷扫描图像进行识别处理的方法,建立基于MATLAB的Hopfield网络识别模型,并详细讨论了图像预处理、特征提取及Hopfield网络训练与识别这三个重要环节。针对建立好的识别模型,系统仿真情况下,符号识别率达到100%;在实际操作过程中,当训练样本数充足,样本来源可靠的情况下,识别率高达96%,基本实现预期效果。     

一种中继节点上的网络-信道编码联合设计方案

网络编码技术由于其能提高网络吞吐量、具有较好的鲁棒性、能有效提高中继节点转发效率等优点成为目前广泛关注的研究热点。在中继节点上,采用网络一信道编码联合设计方案能进一步提高系统的误码性能。基于Razaghi等人研究的两种双层LDPC码（Bilayer LDPC,分为删余型和延长型）,设计了一种在中继节点上联合设计的网络双层LDPC延长码（Network Bilayer Lengthened LDPC,NBL—LDPC）。给出了此码的编译码过程,并针对此码,对高斯密度进化算法进行改进,计算误码率并完成误码性能仿真。仿真结果表明,所提出的编码方案性能要优于利用双层LDPC删余码设计的网络双层LDPC删余码（Network Bilayer Expurgated LDPC,NBE—LDPC）。     

含缺陷压力管道可靠性研究特点及进展

从４个方面归纳总结了国外关于含缺陷压力管道可靠性的研究工作，分析了其局限性，进而提出了今后的研究方向。