Treatment of log yard runoff in a couch grass infiltration wetland in Sweden

Sprinkling is often used in Scandinavia to protect round wood stored for industrial use from fungal and insect attack and drying cracks. Log yard runoff can be harmful for the water recipient due to eutrophication and oxygen depletion. A wetland system for treatment of log yard runoff is being evaluated in central Sweden. The purification capacity of a sloping couch grass (Elytrigia repens L.) field was examined when log yard runoff was applied to the field through a sprinkling system. Water samples were taken from groundwater pipes during four summer seasons (May to September, 2002–2005) and analysed for total organic carbon, total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen and distillable phenols to evaluate the purification capacity of the infiltration wetland. Results from 2002 to 2004 were compared with results from 2005 when the irrigation intensity was considerably lower. Overall, the results showed good purification capacity although the concentrations of TP in the groundwater increased during 2005. The reduced hydraulic load did not increase purification.     

Long-term impact of anaerobic reaction time on the performance and granular characteristics of granular denitrifying biological phosphorus removal systems

Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus (P) from wastewater is successfully and widely practiced in systems employing both granular sludge technology and enhanced biological P removal (EBPR) processes; however, the key parameter, anaerobic reaction time (AnRT), has not been thoroughly investigated. Successful EBPR is highly dependent on an appropriate AnRT, which induces carbon and polyphosphate metabolism by phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs). Therefore, the long-term impact of AnRT on denitrifying P removal performance and granular characteristics was investigated in three identical granular sludge sequencing batch reactors with AnRTs of 90 (R1), 120 (R2) and 150 min (R3). The microbial community structures and anaerobic stoichiometric parameters related to various AnRTs were monitored over time. Free nitrite acid (FNA) accumulation (e.g., 0.0008–0.0016 mg HNO₂–N/L) occurred frequently owing to incomplete denitrification in the adaptation period, especially in R3, which influenced the anaerobic/anoxic intracellular intermediate metabolites and activities of intracellular enzymes negatively, resulting in lower levels of poly-P and reduced activity of polyphosphate kinase. As a result, the Accumulibacter-PAOs population decreased from 51 ± 2.5% to 43 ± 2.1% when AnRT was extended from 90 to 150 min, leading to decreased denitrifying P removal performance. Additionally, frequent exposure of microorganisms to the FNA accumulation and anaerobic endogenous conditions in excess AnRT cases (e.g., 150 min) stimulated increased extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production by microorganisms, resulting in enhanced granular formation and larger granules (size of 0.6–1.2 mm), but decreasing anaerobic PHA synthesis and glycogen hydrolysis. Phosphorus removal capacity was mediated to some extent by EPS adsorption in granular sludge systems that possessed more EPS, longer AnRT and relatively higher GAOs.     

贵州瓮福磷矿区某磷矿的可选性试验研究

某磷矿石以碳酸盐类矿物为主，脉石矿物主要有白云石、方解石、石英等矿物。对该矿石进行了选别试验，以达到脱离脉石矿物的目的。通过对矿石进行磨矿动力学分析，确定了磨矿细度：利用小型浮选机进行反浮选实验，确定了最佳药剂制度。结果表明，该磷矿石经洗选后，其质量可满足目前市场对磷矿石质量的要求。     

无卤阻燃剂复配阻燃HIPS的性能研究

研究了不同配比的红磷阻燃母料(RPM)与氢氧化镁(MH)协同阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)体系的阻燃性能和机械性能。并选取最佳红磷阻燃母料与氢氧化镁的配比,再分别与其他无卤阻燃剂如酚醛树脂、氧化锌、氰尿酸三聚氰胺盐、有机纳米蒙脱土复配来共同阻燃HIPS,并分别对其体系的机械性能和阻燃性能进行了研究。结果表明,在RPM/MH质量比为1,总质量分数为30%时,与7%的酚醛树脂或有机纳米蒙脱土复配,都可以使阻燃HIPS材料达到1.6 mm UL94的V-1级。     

乙酰丙酮氧钒的合成与应用

乙酰丙酮氧钒作为助催化剂与烷基过氧化物及其它氧化剂结合可以氧化很多有机官能团,介绍了其在有机合成中的应用,并以五氧化二钒、乙酰丙酮以及双氧水为原料合成目标产物,收率85%。     

含钒高岭土空白制粒回转窑焙烧-低酸浸出提取五氧化二钒试验研究

对含钒高岭土进行了制粒-回转窑焙烧-低酸浸出-离子交换提取五氧化二钒的半工业试验,试验结果表明,回转窑焙烧过程钒的转化率达到74%以上,全流程五氧化二钒回收率达到71.82%,产品质量达到国家标准GB3283-87要求.     

Wittig试剂及其反应在精细合成中众多的新应用

Wittig试剂及其反应和改良型Wittig—Homer试剂及其反应,在合成最新系列的高级的不同种类的精细有机化学品中,比如在合成各种昆虫信息素、绿色的除菌与除草农药、乙烷类液晶、新型医药及其中间体、重要的抗生素、有机发光材料和光到体等中,都得到了众多的应用。     

Klärschlammverbrennung in einer stationären Wirbelschicht mit integrierter Phosphor-Rückgewinnung

Currently, wet-chemical and thermochemical processes in particular are being discussed for the future obligatory recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge. The coupling of phosphorus recovery with incineration in stationary fluidized bed incinerators, the dominant mono-incineration technology, offers potential advantages in terms of aftertreatment costs and economic efficiency. Tests have shown that by adjusting the incineration conditions and adding additives, an ash could be produced that corresponds to the fertilizer ordinance (DüMV) and can, therefore, potentially be used as phosphorus recyclate.     

磷对高锰钢热塑性的影响

奥氏体高锰钢的锻造工艺性能十分差,它一直是工程中难以解决的技术问题.利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机测试不同杂质含量高锰钢的热塑性,研究磷对高锰钢热塑性的影响规律.利用KYKY-2800型扫描电子显微镜分析高锰钢试样合金元素和杂质元素的成分分布.同时,研究了锻造高锰钢的常规力学性能,并与铸造高锰钢进行对比.结果分析表明,磷显著降低高锰钢的零塑性温度、缩小高锰钢的塑性温度区间,并且,高锰钢零塑性温度与磷含量之间的关系为:T=1 220-1 520·wp%.因此,磷是导致高锰钢锻造工艺性能差的主要原因.其原因是它在奥氏体晶界偏析形成Fe-(Fe Mn)3P类低熔点共晶组织.锻造高锰钢的力学性能明显优于铸造高锰钢,因此,锻造处理将使高锰钢的应用领域进一步扩大.     

掺磷渣粉预拌砂浆的性能研究

本文针对磷渣粉对水泥浆体的凝结时间、砂浆稠度、保水率和强度的影响规律进行了试验研究。结果表明,掺入15%~25%的磷渣粉,对稠度、保水率影响较小,对砂浆28天强度影响不显著,同时可以明显延长水泥浆体的凝结时间。选用合适的原材料,并用20%的磷渣粉取代水泥,可以配制出强度等级从M10到M30全等级的预拌砂浆。