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71.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(3):406-414
ABSTRACTIn this study, Anatolian black pine (ABP, Pinus nigra Arnold.) was evaluated as biosorbent for removal of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solution. The influence of operational parameters including solution pH, initial CV concentration, biosorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature were studied in batch systems. The adsorption data followed well Langmuir isotherm with a maximum biosorption capacity of 12.36 mg/g. The equilibrium data were better fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 ? 0.99). Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the CV biosorption was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic process. This study showed that ABP (Pinus nigra Arnold.) can be used to remove CV from aqueous solutions. 相似文献
72.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(10):1456-1462
The biosorption behavior of lanthanum and cerium ions from aqueous solution by leaf powder of Pinus brutia was separately studied in a batch system as a function of initial pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, temperature, and adsorbent amount. The uptake of lanthanum and cerium was increased when the initial pH of the solution was increased. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy (ΔH°), entropy (ΔS°) and free energy (ΔG°) were calculated and the results indicated that biosorption was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The biosorption of lanthanum and cerium on powdered leaf of Pinus brutia was investigated by the Freundlich, Langmuir, and D-R isotherms. The results show that lanthanum and cerium adsorption can be explained by the Langmuir isotherm model and monolayer capacity was found as 22.94 mg g?1 for lanthanum and 17.24 mg g?1 for cerium. Desorption of lanthanum and cerium was studied using 0.5 M HNO3 solution. The results suggested that powdered leaf of Pinus brutia may find promising applications for the recovery of lanthanum and cerium from aqueous effluents. 相似文献
73.
采集重大森林火烧迹地地盘松幼林的地表可燃物,以铁质燃烧床为主要实验仪器测试其燃烧特性。结果表明:地盘松幼林地表可燃物燃烧时产生的火强度属于低强度火,其中火焰热辐射、蔓延速率、火焰高度、火焰最高温度、火焰维持时间和火强度分别为(2.71±0.74) kW/m2、(0.41±0.11) m/min、(37.10±15.52) cm、(462.90±60.26) ℃、(4.24±1.07) min、(185.31±131.53) kW/m。无焰燃烧时的热辐射和温度分别为(2.40±1.52) kW/m2、(325.00±64.97) ℃。地盘松幼林的阻滞时间为100 s左右。距离火焰30~150 cm处,30~133 s内温度呈现急剧上升后急剧下降的趋势,且只有一个峰值;距离火焰10 cm处维持高温的时间较长,火灾隐患较大,灭火时应多注意防止发生复燃的现象。 相似文献
74.
本试验采用超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油,以萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间3个因素进行单因素试验,在单因素试验结果的基础上,利用响应面法中的Box-Behnken和中心旋转组合设计对超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油的提取工艺条件进行了优化。各个条件均做3次重复试验,以平均值作为最后结果。试验结果表明:萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间3个因素对松子出油率影响都显著。经过验证性试验后,最终得到超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油的最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度36.7℃、萃取压力40.6MPa和萃取时间112.6min,在最佳条件下的出油率24.68%。 相似文献
75.
J. Sánchez-Martín J. Beltrán-Heredia I. J. Seabra M. E. M. Braga H. C. de Sousa 《木材化学与工艺学杂志》2013,33(1):28-50
Abstract Pinus tannin gel (PTG) has proven to be an effective adsorbent for removing various cationic pollutants including heavy metals, dyes, and surfactants. The form of obtaining these condensed tannins from Pinus pinaster bark was conventional aqueous extraction using 5.0% ethanol as additive. The present study focused on the removal of the surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) from aqueous solutions using PTG. Kinetic studies showed that the Lagergren, Ho, and Elovich models all adequately explained the kinetics of CTAB adsorption onto PTG, with r2 correlation coefficients of around 0.98. The influences of pH and temperature were found not to be critical, and the CTAB-PTG system was modeled theoretically according to the Langmuir hypothesis using linear, nonlinear, and multiparametric forms, obtaining the values of the activation energies and such system constants as k l . 相似文献
76.
A drying stress model was established by considering that the total shrinkage of wood is the sum of free shrinkage, instantaneous strain, viscoelastic strain, and mechanosorptive strain. From the stress model, the stress can be calculated once the actual wood shrinkage and moisture content gradient are known. Based on this theory, on-line measurement of the drying stress has been realized by measuring the moisture content (MC) gradient between the surface and the core layers, and the actual shrinkage of the board for Pinus massoniana. A sensor for measuring wood shrinkage was developed based on electric resistance and strain relationship in a selected element material within the sensor. A resistance type of MC sensor was used for the MC gradient measurement. These sensors are reliable and can meet the requirement of the measurements in practical drying. The technique reported in this article for detecting drying stress from the on-line measurements of board shrinkage and MC gradient can be applied to develop optimized drying schedule in commercial drying. 相似文献
77.
78.
Francisco Márquez-Montesino Neil Torres-Figueredo Adela Lemus-Santana Fernando Trejo 《化学工程与技术》2020,43(9):1716-1725
Activated carbon (AC) was gained from Pinus montezumae (PM) wood sawdust and chemical activation with K2CO3 was used for obtaining activated carbons. Variations in reaction conditions such as temperature, impregnation ratio (IR), and activation time were carried out to study their influence on the specific surface area (SSA) and average pore volume (APV) in AC. Materials were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the functional groups, pore structure, and morphology of pine sawdust and activated carbons. Activated carbons were amorphous in nature with some crystalline regions. 相似文献
79.
Twigs from five ponderosa pine trees (Pinus ponderosa) used by Abert squirrels (Sciurus aberti) as feed trees and five nonfeed trees were collected every 45 days and their monoterpenoid and nutrient content determined. Thet tests (unpaired observations) detected no significant difference in the level of monoterpenoids in the outer bark of feed (0.77%) and nonfeed (0.75%) trees. The same was true for inner bark of feed (0.10%) and nonfeed (0.16%) trees. Monoterpenoid levels in outer bark (0.75%) were significantly higher than inner bark (0.13%). The inner bark is what is eaten by Abert squirrels. Protein and other nutrients did not differ significantly between feed and nonfeed trees. However, both outer and inner bark were easier to remove from the woody portion of the feed tree twigs than those twigs collected from nonfeed trees. Therefore, due to the lack of differences in monoterpenoid and nutrient content between feed and nonfeed trees, we attributed the use of certain trees for use as feed trees to the ease of peeling and separating outer from inner bark.Located at Shrub Sciences Laboratory, 735 North 500 East, Provo,Utah 84601. 相似文献
80.
Masaki Himejima Kenneth R. Hobson Toshikazu Otsuka David L. Wood Isao Kubo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1992,18(10):1809-1818
The oleoresin of the ponderosa pine,Pinus ponderosa (Pinaceae) exhibited broad antimicrobial activity. In order to identify the active compounds, the oleoresin was steam distilled
to give a distillate and residue. The distillate contained mainly monoterpenes and some sesquiterpenes, while the residue
consisted chiefly of four structurally related diterpene acids. An antimicrobial assay with the pure compounds indicated that
the monoterpenes were active primarily against fungi, but there was also some activity against gram-positive bacteria. The
diterpene acids, in contrast, only exhibited activity against gram-positive bacteria. Although not all of the identified sesquiterpenes
could be tested, longifolene showed activity only against gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, it appears that the oleoresin
ofP. ponderosa functions as a biochemical defense against microbial invasion. 相似文献