JH-4548芳胺型聚醚多元醇的研制

介绍了JH-4548芳胺型聚醚多元醇的制备方法,讨论了聚醚起始剂种类、配比及合成工艺对JH-4548芳胺型聚醚多元醇质量及其合成的聚氨酯仿木结构硬泡性能的影响.结果表明,以芳胺化合物质量分数15%～20%,蔗糖5%～20%,山梨醇10%,甘油50%～70%制成复合起始剂;首批环氧丙烷(PO)加入量占总PO质量分数的25%时,与起始剂聚合所得聚醚的活性高,粘度适中,由它制备的聚氨酯仿木结构硬泡,可应用于汽车仪表盘骨架.     

全水发泡中高密度超软聚氨酯泡沫的制备

采用软化剂与降低TDI指数相结合的方法制备了中等密度的超软聚氨酯泡沫,泡沫性能和当前的软化剂与二氯甲烷结合体系的相当。使用自制聚醚多元醇,全水发泡,制备了高密度超软PU泡沫,25％压陷硬度25～38N,65％／25％压陷比大于2．8。     

无CFC硬泡用低粘度聚醚多元醇

介绍了一种具有自乳化性、高羟值低粘度聚醚多元醇。以该聚醚多元醇为基础,制备了无ＣＦＣ或ＣＦＣ减半ＰＵ硬泡,包括ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ减关体系、正（异）戊烷发泡体系、全水发泡及ＣＦＣ－１１减半体系。实验结果表明,该聚醚与ＨＣＦＣ－１４１ｂ、戊烷及水等相溶性好,组合料贮存稳定,硬泡物性优良,说明该聚醚可广泛应用于各种无ＣＦＣ ＰＵ硬泡体系。     

两种工艺制备聚醚多元醇ZS-4110Ⅱ的比较

通过对在两种不同催化合成工艺条件下生产聚醚ZS-4110Ⅱ的研究,比较了该产品在成本、收集、质量指标及应用性能等方面的差异。二甲胺催化生产的聚醚ZS-4110ⅡA在生产效率、制造成本等方面有明显的优势,而氢氧化钾催化生产的聚醚ZS-4110ⅡK在产品的内在质量以及应用性能方面要优于胺工艺聚醚。     

Polymer brush coatings for combating marine biofouling

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional biocides. This review summarizes recent developments in marine antifouling polymer brushes and coatings that are tethered to material surfaces and do not actively release biocides. Polymer brush coatings have been designed to inhibit molecular fouling, microfouling and macrofouling through incorporation or inclusion of multiple functionalities. Hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydrogels, zwitterionic polymers and polysaccharides, resist attachment of marine organisms effectively due to extensive hydration. Fouling release polymer coatings, based on fluoropolymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers, minimize adhesion between marine organisms and material surfaces, leading to easy removal of biofoulants. Polycationic coatings are effective in reducing marine biofouling partly because of their good bactericidal properties. Recent advances in controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry have also allowed better molecular design and engineering of multifunctional brush coatings for improved antifouling efficacies.     

Preparation of semirigid polyurethane foam with liquefied bamboo residues

Bamboo residues were liquefied by using a solvent mixture consisting of polyethylene glycol 400 and crude glycerol (4/1, w/w) with 98% sulfuric acid as catalyst at 160°C for 120 min. The liquefied bamboo had hydroxyl values from 178 to 200 mg KOH/g and viscosities from 507 to 2201 mPa S. The obtained bamboo‐based polyols were reacted with various amounts of polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate (PAPI), using distilled water as blowing agent, silicone as surfactant, and triethylenediamine and dibutyltine dilaurate as cocatalyst to produce semirigid polyurethane (PU) foams. The [NCO]/[OH] ratio was found to be an important factor to control the mechanical properties of PU foams. At a fixed [NCO]/[OH] ratio, both density and compressive strength of PU foams decreased with the increase of bamboo content. The microstructure of PU foams indicates that [NCO]/[OH] ratios are important for cell formation and chemical reactions. The uniformity and cell structure of the foams are comparable to their corresponding compressive strengths. Moreover, the thermogravimetry analysis showed that all the semirigid PU foams had approximately the same degradation temperature of about 250 to 440°C. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

适用于HFC134A制冷剂的多元醇酯型制冷压缩机油

介绍了适用于不破坏大气臭氧层制冷剂ＨＦＣ１３４Ａ（１，１，１，２－四氟乙烷）的ＲＩＰＰＲＥＦＯＬＳＬ制冷压缩机油的各种理化性能。以多元醇酯为基础油并加有多种添加剂所组成的ＳＬ制冷压缩机油具有较好的与ＨＦＣ１３４Ａ的互溶性和热化学安定性，良好的润滑性、抗水解性和低温性能，适用于不同类型、不同要求的以ＨＦＣ１３４Ａ作制冷剂的制冷压缩机中。还评述了ＨＦＣ１３４Ａ和氟里昂ＣＦＣ１２制冷剂对制冷压缩机油性能要求上的异同以及酯类油和烃类冷冻机油在性能方面的差异。     

Freeze-dried ammonia borane-polyethylene oxide composites: Phase behaviour and hydrogen release

A solid-state hydrogen storage material comprising ammonia borane (AB) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been produced by freeze-drying from aqueous solutions from 0% to 100% AB by mass. The phase mixing behaviour of AB and PEO has been investigated using X-ray diffraction which shows that a new ‘intermediate’ crystalline phase exists, different from both AB and PEO, as observed in our previous work (Nathanson et al., 2015). It is suggested that hydrogen bonding interactions between the ethereal oxygen atom (–O–) in the PEO backbone and the protic hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom (N–H) of AB molecules promote the formation of a reaction intermediate, leading to lowered hydrogen release temperatures in the composites, compared to neat AB. PEO also acts to significantly reduce the foaming of AB during hydrogen release. A temperature-composition phase diagram has been produced for the AB-PEO system to show the relationship between phase mixing and hydrogen release.     

Crosslinked polymer electrolytes of high pyridine contents for HT-PEM fuel cells

This report evaluates a new family of pyridine containing aromatic polyether sulfones as polymer electrolytes for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HTPEM FCs). The polymers are prepared by high temperature polyetherification reactions, yielding highly soluble polymers even with pyridine contents as high as 90%. Along with the pyridine content, crosslinking density is also tuned, leading to the enhancement of membrane properties such as film integrity, dimensional stability and doping ability in acidic media. The completion of the crosslinking reaction is enabled by a short thermal pre-treatment, preceding the doping step in H₃PO₄ 85%. Both the linear and the crosslinked membranes show high thermal and oxidative stability. Membranes before and after crosslinking are integrated in single cells where their conductivity and performance are monitored, revealing conductivities above 7 × 10⁻² S/cm at temperatures higher than 180 °C.     

The study of palm‐oil‐based bio‐polyol on the morphological,acoustic and mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane foams

The focus of this paper was to explore the acoustic properties of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam modified by palm‐oil‐based polyol (POP). The presence of POP showed a marked influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FPU foam. A smaller mean pore diameter can be observed at lower POP content. Indeed, the introduction of POP caused a higher closed pore ratio and an increased air‐flow resistivity, which consequently improved the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss. In particular, the acoustic performance of the all bio‐based FPU foam was enhanced at low frequency, and the density was lower than that of the reference foam. Additionally, the addition of POP also improved the compressive strength. Conversely, the tensile strength of FPU foam declined with increasing POP content. From this study, the outstanding acoustic ability of bio‐based FPU foam has been proved, with additional advantages of lower density and higher compressive strength. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry