气相色谱法测定化妆品中的多元醇保湿剂

建立了气相色谱(GC)同时测定化妆品中5种多元醇(1,2-丙二醇、乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甘醇和甘油)保湿剂的方法.试样用甲醇提取过滤后,采用GC对样品进行定量分析.结果显示,5种多元醇保湿剂的质量浓度与其相应的峰面积呈线性关系,线性范围分别为10 μg/mL～1 200 μg/mL(1,2-丙二醇和1,3-丁二醇),10 μg/mL～1 100 μg/mL(乙二醇),10 μg/mL～1 000 μg/mL(二甘醇),10 μg/mL～1 300 μg/mL(甘油),相关系数r＞0.99.应用此法测定化妆品中5种多元醇保湿剂的质量分数,回收率在93.6%～102.4%,相对标准偏差为0.84%～1.75%.该方法简便快速,结果稳定准确,可用于化妆品中多元醇保湿剂含量的质量控制.     

水性聚氨酯的制备

要制得性能优良的木器用水性聚氨酯乳液,要从制备水性聚氨酯用的原料聚酯二元醇入手,文章设计分子量为1000的聚酯二元醇,它使用邻苯二甲酸酐和己二酸以摩尔比40∶60混合后再与乙二醇反应,制得的水性聚氨酯乳液,其化学稳定性、涂膜硬度,相对于单独用脂肪族聚酯二元醇制备的水性聚氨酯的性能要优。     

国内外聚醚多元醇开发进展

评述了聚醚多元醇的生产技术与产品开发进展,以及世界和中国的聚醚多元醇市场分析,并提出了发展建议。     

Effect of support type and synthesis conditions on the oxygen reduction activity of RuxSey catalyst prepared by the microwave polyol method

Ru_xSe_y nanoparticles supported on different carbon substrates were synthesized by microwave heating of ethylene glycol solutions of Ru(III) chloride and sodium selenite at different pH and Ru/Se mole ratios. The resulting catalysts were used for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution. The electrochemical activity was highest for the supported catalyst synthesized at pH 8. Increasing the Se concentration of the catalyst up to 15 mol% increased the catalytic activity for the ORR; at this Se concentration, the activity of the catalyst was considerably higher than that observed for pure Ru catalyst synthesized at exactly the same conditions. The influence of the type of carbon support on the activity of the electrocatalyst was also investigated. Among the different supports, including carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R) (C1), and nanoporous carbons synthesized from resorcinol- (C2) and phloroglucinol-formaldehyde (C3) resins, the Ru_xSe_y catalyst supported on C3 exhibited highest activity for ORR.     

用于可焊性漆包线漆的聚酯多元醇的合成及性能测定

发展了一种聚酯多元醇,可望应用于制备新型的直焊性耐热漆包线漆。采用间苯二甲酸、己二酸、乙醇胺或乙二醇、三乙醇胺或甘油,通过熔融共缩聚合成一系列聚酯多元醇,然后用甲醚化氨基树脂及溶剂混合、配制成溶液,再涂制成漆包线。研究结果表明系列聚酯多元醇的分子量、酸值均符合漆包线漆制备的技术要求;采用乙醇胺代替乙二醇、三乙醇胺代替甘油在聚酯多元醇的合成反应中具有较高的缩聚反应活性,由此制备的聚酯多元醇具有在350℃至400℃的范围内更快速分解和分解残渣较少的特点,采用此聚酯多元醇作为主要成分、涂制的漆包线在400℃至460℃范围内下可直焊,介质损耗曲线的拐点温度可达到162℃、意味着耐热等级较高。     

纺织用有机硅消泡剂的研究进展

有机硅消泡剂由于其良好的化学惰性和低表面张力,广泛应用于纺织及化工领域。本文重点介绍了有机硅消泡剂的消泡原理、二甲基硅油消泡剂、聚醚改性硅油消泡剂的特性及制备方法,展望了有机硅消泡剂的发展。     

UASB工艺处理聚酯多元醇废水的研究

采用高负荷UASB工艺处理聚酯多元醇废水,分析了UASB有机负荷对CODCr去除率影响及其进水、出水pH的变化。研究表明,在中温(37±2℃)环境下,UASB有机负荷7 kg/(m3.d)时,CODCr去除率在85%以上,运行稳定。     

基于甘蔗渣的生物降解材料研究(Ⅰ)甘蔗渣的液化反应和聚醚酯多元醇的制备

通过对甘蔗渣液化反应的研究。以探索一种甘蔗渣新的利用方法。在以硫酸为催化剂的条件下讨论了液化试剂，液固比及反应温度等因素对甘蔗渣液化反应的影响。结果表明，甘蔗渣在PEG#400中的液化率可达到96%，而且其中的木质素全部被液化，所得液化物为聚醚酯多元醇，羟值为280mgKOH/g-380mgKOH/g，能满足中强度硬质聚氨酯泡沫的要求。     

聚氨酯和聚醚改性环氧树脂分子结构和性能的探讨

分子复合结构设计是将一种树脂的特性赋予其他种类树脂，来达到改性和提高固化物性能的目的。本文对聚氨酯和聚醚改性环氧树脂的分子结构及性能作了简要的论述。     

In vitro calcification of UHMWPE/PU composite membrane

Polyurethane composite made from biaxially drawn ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (BDUHMWPE) is likely an alternative for polyurethane currently being plagued for medical applications. In this study, an in vitro calcification protocol was used to determine the relative resistance to calcification of the composite membranes. The results demonstrated that the composite membranes were susceptible to extrinsic calcification that was closely related to the matrix polyurethane material used. The calcification of the composite was different from that of the solution cast polyurethane membranes. The incorporation of hydrophobic reinforcement BDUHMWPE effectively postponed the calcification. The differences of calcification between composite and polyurethane were greatly due to the differences in surface structures and properties of the as-cast polyurethane.