Crosslinked acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives. 3. Effect of adherend on film formation

The reaction of isocyanate in pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) films adhered on to various adherends having different surface tensions was monitored by depth profiling using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.In the latter stages of crosslinking reaction, unreacted isocyanate and its derivatives exist more in the bulk of the PSA than in the interfaces between PSA and adherends which are Teflon sheet and PE film having relatively lower surface tensions. In the case of using stainless steel having relatively higher surface tension as adherend, opposite segregation was observed compared to Teflon and PE.From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it was revealed that N atoms exist more in surface than in bulk when stainless steel is used as adherend. We conclude that polyisocyanates migrate in the PSA film in order to minimize the magnitude of interfacial free energy between the PSA and the adherend, which leads to the change of surface tension of PSA film.     

薄壁压力容器筒体纵焊缝角变形对应力的影响

提出压力容器简体纵焊缝产生角变形的模型。用简明的解析方法和有限元方法,探讨由变形引起的应力集中系数K_(ta)。结果表明,利用应力集中系数估算焊缝棱角对应力的影响是较合实际的,其公式为:K_(ta)=1+6E/S,式中E为棱角度,S为筒体壁厚。     

液烃干燥器改造分析

通过对现有液烃干燥器排液,泄压操作运行状态研究分析,提出可行改造方案,优化液烃干燥器排放,泄压操作,达到液烃干燥器长周期运行,丙烯产品水含量合格,降低生产运行成本,节省能耗。     

A new design of foaming agent mixing device for a pneumatic foaming system used for mine dust suppression

To overcome the drawbacks of the conventional foam technology used for dust suppression,including large pressure loss,high water pressure and low driving pressure,a new pneumatic foaming system is introduced.Then an original design of foaming agent mixing device is proposed,and its performance is investigated and evaluated under different pressure compensations.Experimental results show that the maximum absorption amount increases by 2.9-6.7 times at a pressure compensation of 0.04-0.2 MPa compared with no pressure compensation.The pressure loss and pressure fluctuation both reduce significantly with increasing pressure compensation.The critical outlet pressure increases by30.4-240%.Field application indicates that the proposed mixing device ensures the reliable addition of foaming agent used for foam dust suppression.The effect of foam on dust suppression is remarkable,and the economic cost of foam is low.Therefore,there is reason to believe that the new mixing device will greatly promote foam technology to be widely used for suppressing dust in underground coal mines.     

天然气超深井井底压力计算与应用

钻井液喷空后的井底压力可以精确计算,为正确地保证井底压力大于或等于地层压力提供了科学的数据。钻井液喷空后的深井超深井的天然气井,关井后的静气柱压力不是很小。井内有钻井液(或修井液)井底进入天然气时,井底压力在合理地处理井内天然气在井内的运移(体积法放压法)与二次循环法压井循环出进入井内的天然气是相同的,为钻井井控现场为避免压裂套管鞋处或地层压力低的地层提供了可靠的依据。     

气体热载体干馏炉内压力降的研究

油页岩在气体热载体干馏炉内干馏过程中,由于块状堆料之间存在不同的空隙,导致气体在空隙中通过,由于阻力的作用,压力会产生损失,行成一定的压降。本研究采用散料层阻力损失计算公式和Ergun方程两种方法对干馏炉的压力降进行计算,并与实际压降进行比较,结果发现这两种方法所得理论值与实际值比较接近,而且变化趋势与实际值基本一致,利用Ergun方程更适用于工程运行。     

优化鼓冷工艺稳定焦炉炭化室压力

通过优化鼓风冷凝单元的工艺和操作等措施,稳定初冷器前煤气吸力和改善循环氨水质量等手段,保证7.63m焦炉炭化室PROven压力调节系统的正常运行,确保在结焦全过程炭化室内的压力基本保持恒定。     

多孔介质通道气液两相流型及压降特性研究

通过高速摄影仪研究多孔介质通道内气液两相流体垂直向上流动的流型,在实验参数范围内依次拍摄到泡状流、弹状流、脉冲流、雾状流4种典型流型,并总结了各种流型的特征。依据实验获得的两相流动阻力数据,分别对分相模型阻力关系式和均相模型阻力关系式进行了拟合,得到了适于实验特点的两类阻力关系式。改进后的两类模型均与实验数据实现了较好的吻合,但模型关系式定义中包含了影响阻力压降各要素的均相模型具有更高的预测精度,且该模型物理意义更加清楚,可以优先用于多孔介质通道气液两相流动的阻力计算。     

乙腈-水共沸体系的变压精馏模拟与优化

利用Aspen Plus化工模拟流程软件对乙腈-水共沸体系进行变压精馏模拟分离研究。选择UNIQUAC物性计算模型确定变压精馏的工艺流程,通过灵敏度分析模块分别考察高压塔和常压塔的进料板位置和回流比对分离效果的影响。模拟结果表明,当塔操作压力为350kPa,塔板为30块,进料板为第10块塔板,回流比为1.5,在塔底可以得到质量分数为99.7%的产品乙腈。     

压力梯度法定位管道泄漏点的数值模拟

受管道的自然寿命和人为因素等的影响,管道泄漏事故频繁发生,及时发现管道泄漏和确定泄漏点位置对减少损失、维护管道安全运行显得十分重要。针对成品油管道泄漏,利用CFD仿真模拟软件模拟了管道压力的变化。若管道始末端的压力发生改变,则说明管道的某处已发生泄漏,此时可根据管道始末端的压力梯度变化,利用压力梯度法最终确定泄漏点的位置。