The role of price as a product attribute in the organic food context: An exploration based on actual purchase data

High prices are often quoted as an obstacle to consumer purchase of organic food products. This article investigates the market performance of organic food products at different price levels and whether high price is necessarily a disadvantage for organic food products, especially with regard to generating repeat purchase. Based on analyses of panel purchase data from 2011 in Denmark, the study explores the effects of production method (organic vs. conventional) and price on consumers’ repeat purchase and cross-purchase across four product categories: red meat, chicken, milk and hard cheese. Results show that a high price is a disadvantage for generating repeat purchase of organic food products. Although organic products enjoy higher repeat purchase than conventional products overall, a high price generates less repeat purchase of organic products than a low or a medium price in all product categories; whereas in the case of conventional food products the situation is the reverse. At the same time, the cross-purchase analysis reveals that consumers who buy organic products from the high price tier are less likely to switch to other price tiers than consumers who buy low or medium price organic products (i.e. there is a spillover of high price organic food purchases to other product categories). Implications for pricing strategies for organic food products are discussed.     

Final contractor selection using the analytical hierarchy process

Some contractor selection methods currently in existence are criticized as incomplete and biased, and lacking consideration in terms of the contractor's ability to achieve simultaneously, time, cost, quality and safety standards. This research examines an alternative contractor selection model called the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which will help construction clients to identify contractors with the best potential to deliver satisfactory outcomes in a final contractor selection process which is not based simply on the lowest bid. The AHP comprises three parts: hierarchic structure, prioritization procedure, and calculation of results. This model is tested by a hypothetical scenario where three contractor candidates are evaluated. The criteria used for contractor selection in the model have been identified, and the significance of each criterion has been arrived at by conducting a questionnaire survey in public organizations in Hong Kong. Comparisons are made by ranking the aggregate scores of each candidate with regard to their performance against each of the criteria, and the candidate associated with the highest scores is the best contractor on this occasion.     

Matching housing supply and demand: an empirical study of Hong Kong's market

This paper has the objective of improving on the issue of forecasting new housing construction, and highlights differences between space demand and investment demand in housing markets. Further, it indicates how these differences will affect construction decisions. The first step is to identify the factors associated with estimating residential property prices in Hong Kong, based on a demand-supply adjustment process. Specifically, this study examines the role of population growth, transaction volume, inflation and interest rate in determining house prices. Second, based on these estimations, a methodology is developed to estimate the investment demand schedule and new construction of residential property.     

关于矿业权市场和矿业权评估中几个问题的探讨

针对我国现阶段矿业权市场存在的问题，提出了要加强对矿产资源有偿使用的认识，加强矿产资源保护和开发利用的规划，建议尽快废除矿业权出让的双轨制，建立公开、公正、公平的矿业权市场；结合具体事例，针对矿业权评估中的生产规模和服务年限对采矿权价款的影响、矿业权出让中政策倾斜等有关问题进行了探讨。     

一种基于优化组合的供电公司电价管制模型

分析了目前国外公司采用的垄断行业定价方案,结合我国电力行业现状提出了一种基于优化组合的供电公司电价管制模型。首先综合考虑了各地消费水平与环境差异性等因素并得到某一地区的基准供电公司模型,然后以此模型为基础结合价格上限管制方法得出了各供电公司的电价管制模型,该模型同样适用于大区级供电公司的电价管制。最后通过算例说明了该模型的具体应用方法。     

一种改进的最优化流控模型

在前人提出的最优化流控模型的基础上,采用非线性优化理论中的DFP算法计算链路价格,提出了一种改进的最优化流控模型。     

基于数据挖掘技术的天然气价格预测方法研究

天然气价格是影响天然气企业经营决策与运营效益的重要因素,在此背景下,如何准确地预测未来天然气价格自然成为产业界关注的热点话题。此外,在数据挖掘技术快速发展的时代,如何将该技术应用于传统的天然气行业,融入天然气价格的预测当中,也是学术界所探讨的重要话题。基于此,本文首先回顾了以往天然气价格预测方法,然后以传统数据挖掘技术中的模式序列相似性搜索方法(PSS)为基础,通过对该方法中历史序列搜索匹配机制及结果处理机制的改进,提出了一种新的改进模式序列相似性搜索(APSS)天然气价格预测方法。在方法构建之后,采用美国天然气日度现货价格数据对该方法的有效性进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,本文提出的基于数据挖掘技术的APSS方法能够实现对天然气价格的合理预测,且与传统的PSS方法相比,APSS方法的预测结果具有更高的预测精度。     

借鉴国际经验 推进天然气价格改革

天然气价格改革对于我国天然气工业的可持续发展尤为迫切和重要。为了更好地推进我国天然气价格体制改革,有必要借鉴国外成熟市场的经验。本文在分析此次价格改革对企业、居民和社会影响的基础上,结合国际天然气定价方式,对我国天然气价格改革进程中可能遇到的难题进行了分析,并提出相关对策建议。     

当前矿业权出让若干问题的探讨

矿业权出让是国家对矿业权处置的一种方式,是矿业权市场建设中的一个重要方面。针对当前矿业权出让实际操作中存在的矿业权价款数额的确定、矿业权价款的决定程序等问题进行了探讨,以实现矿业权出让市场的公平、公正,对矿业权市场建设有所借鉴。     

2006年中国铁矿业面临的形势

分析了2005年我国的钢铁生产及铁矿石供应情况：2005年中国钢铁工业产量继续增长,供大于求显现,库存增加,价格下降,效益滑坡;2005年铁矿石供给主要表现在国产铁矿石产量快速增长,进口增速放缓,供需矛盾缓解,价格合理回归,海运费的大幅下降使进口矿到岸价比2004年增长有限。预计在钢铁产量增幅减缓,国际铁矿石产能大幅增加的情况下,铁矿石价格将有一定回落,铁矿采选业出现新的投资风险。