Household electricity demand in Latin America and the Caribbean: A meta-analysis of price elasticity

Studying the price elasticity of demand is essential when considering rate policies in the electricity sector. This research aims to perform a meta-analysis and a meta-regression of the price elasticity of electricity demand for the residential sector in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Results show that the true value of the short-term price elasticity is between −0.197 and −0.468 and, for the long-term, is between −0.252 and −0.331. Findings differ substantially when studies are classified by their quality in econometric procedures. The long-term price elasticity seems to be lower than estimates found for other regions.     

黑龙江省甜菜按糖收购计价标准的研究

13年糖分资料数理分析结果表明，相邻积温带间甜菜含糖率差异高度显著，均达到1％显著水准。将黑龙江省划分为3个甜菜按糖计价区域，其糖分标准分别为14.9％～15．5％、16．1％～16．7％和16．8％～17．4％。甜菜基本价为310元／t，超糖分标准每增加0．1°S加价2．5～28元／t，低于糖分标准每降低0．1°S减价2．5～3．0元／t。     

Australian retail electricity prices: Can we avoid repeating the rising trend of the past?

After a stable or declining real trend that persisted for more than half a century, Australian retail electricity prices have experienced a substantial increase, in real terms, since 2007. This has mainly been driven by increases in the cost of electricity distribution and to a lesser degree in the cost of electricity generation. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which is a bipartisan political goal in Australia, will likely deliver further increases in generation costs due to the expected higher cost of low emission technology. Participating in global negotiations on emission reduction targets and designing efficient policy mechanisms have been a major focus of governments over the last several decades. In contrast, managing distribution system costs has received less attention. While there were a number of factors which drove historical increases in distribution costs, management of peak demand growth could help contain or reduce the extent to which consumers, particularly households, experience further increases in distribution costs. The paper demonstrates how different combinations of carbon price and peak demand scenarios could impact future residential and industrial retail electricity prices to 2050 and discusses some behavioural and technological solutions to manage peak demand and potential barriers to their deployment.     

普通出口陶瓷的现状分析及有关技术问题探讨

分析了中国陶瓷在国际市场上只能处于较低价位的原因，并提出了发展普通出口陶瓷所应采取的对策，尤其对其有关技术问题作了较为详尽的探讨。     

An Empirical Analysis of the Price Discovery Function of Shanghai Fuel Oil Futures Market

This paper analyzes the role of price discovery of Shanghai fuel oil futures market by using methods, such as unit root test, co-integration test, error correction model, Granger causality test, impulse-response function and variance decomposition. The results showed that there exists a strong relationship between the spot price of Huangpu fuel oil spot market and the futures price of Shanghai fuel oil futures market. In addition, the Shanghai fuel oil futures market exhibits a highly effective price discovery function.     

不平衡报价法在投标报价中的运用

工程项目总报价基本确定后，通过采取不平衡报价法投标，运用资金时间价值，以期既不提高总报价，不影响中标，又能在结算时得到更理想的经济效益．     

煤炭市场与国际市场接轨的分析

论述了随着我国成为世界贸易组织正式成员，煤炭市场与国际接轨的现实性已经形成。首先是煤炭体系的接轨，其次是市场经济理念方式的接轨，还要实现煤炭价格与国际市场价格的接轨和贸易方式的接轨。     

Challenges of recycled water pricing

Recycled water has posed new challenges for conventional water supply and wastewater provision models, as it interconnects different related services. The reclaimed water sector faces the arduous task of setting specific pricing policies since rules for potable water and wastewater charges may not be appropriate for it. This article addresses a review of current challenges in pricing policies for recycled water based on case studies available worldwide, highlighting the most common tariff structures in use and the principles applied, providing a guideline for recycled water pricing based on the barriers, drivers, and practices found around the global experiences and academic literature. The results show that different tariff structures are adopted based on local socioeconomic factors and water authorities’ objectives. We conclude that the local environmental conditions, the institutional arrangement, technical and economic specificities are influence factors that decision-makers should consider when setting recycled water charges.     

峰谷电价下居民用电聚合响应特性分析

通过问卷调研和相关文献分析居民用电负荷特性,介绍居民用户电价响应经济学机理。根据南京市典型居民小区历史数据研究电价变化点负荷增长率,分析峰谷电价下居民小区用电聚合响应特性,对比多区域居民负荷增长率并引进峰谷电量比分析,总结居民峰谷电价用电特性及影响因素,分析原因并提出建议。     

EPON技术在平价商店物价监管平台建设中的应用

为满足物价部门对平价商店信息点价格数据采集和物价监管的需要,从网络系统的安全性、灵活性和易维护性等角度考虑,采用EPON组网技术,设计了一套平价商店物价监管网络服务支撑平台解决方案,并以六安市物价监管平台建设为例,阐述了网络建设中的网络架构、光分配网设计和多业务控制网关数据配置等具体实践。