航空发动机加工现场生产制造网络化协同系统

为解决航空发动机加工现场存在的物料管理手段缺乏、物料无法拉动、生产要素采集少、可视化手段少等问题,本文实现了一套面向航空发动机生产制造过程的网络化协同环境,对生产过程关键要素数据的采集、追踪、分析和处理,通过物料拉动配送系统、生产要素采集系统、可视化看板系统,实现物料线边拉动优化、数据展示端业务报表优化、生产关键要素信息采集、制造端数据集成等内容。     

Effects of an Inaccurate Sorting Procedure on Optimal Procurement and Production Decisions in a Remanufacturing System

Under the uncertainty of market demand and quality of returns, sorting prior to disassembly is effective for timely obtaining information about the remanufacturability of used products. In this article, we assume that the remanufacturable fraction of used products is a random variable and introduce an inaccurate sorting procedure of used products prior to disassembly. Then, three two-stage optimization models are formulated to maximize the expected profits of a remanufacturer in a single period with used products and/or new parts as inputs to meet the stochastic market demand. Moreover, the article provides a case study to explore the optimal decisions under different scenarios and analyzes the effects of parameters, such as the unit disassembly cost, unit sorting cost, and proportion of sorting errors. Finally, the results indicate that whether remanufacturing with sorting is more profitable than that without sorting mainly depends on the sorting accuracy and the relative value between disassembly cost and sorting cost. When considering or not considering a long lead time of new parts, the effects of sorting errors on procurement policies are different. A long lead time will result in lower expected profits. Finally, the diverse types of classification errors have different influences on procurement policies and corresponding expected profit.     

一类复杂生产调度问题的基于符号演绎的调度方法

针对带有时问不确定件的复杂生产过程调度问题,提出一种基于符号演绎的调度方法.首先将时间的不确定性信息看作符号型数据,并提出一种用于处理这些符号型数据的基于不确定区间的符号演绎方法;然后将此符号演绎方法与遗传算法相结合,提出一种预排调度计划与实时调度规则相结合的调度方法来求解上述复杂生产调度问题.实验表明,将基于符号演绎的调度方法用于求解带有时间不确定性的复杂生产过程调度问题,能够取得较好的调度效果.     

Fuzzy Bayesian reliability and availability analysis of production systems

To have effective production planning and control, it is necessary to calculate the reliability and availability of a production system as a whole. Considering only machine reliability in the calculations would most likely result unmet due dates. In this study, a new modelling approach for determining the reliability and availability of a production system is proposed by considering all the components of the system and their hierarchy in the system structure. Components of a production system are defined as production processes; components of the processes are defined as sub-processes. In this hierarchical structure we could model all kinds of failures such as material and supply, management and personnel, and machine and equipment. In the analysis, a fuzzy Bayesian method is used to quantify the uncertainties in the production environment. The suggested modelling approach is illustrated on an example. In the example, also a separate reliability and availability analysis is conducted which only considered machine failures, and the results of both analyses are compared.     

Project scheduling under resource constraints: Application of the cumulative global constraint in a decision support framework

This paper concerns project scheduling under resource constraints. Traditionally, the objective is to find a unique solution that minimizes the project makespan, while respecting the precedence constraints and the resource constraints. This work focuses on developing a model and a decision support framework for industrial application of the cumulative global constraint. For a given project scheduling, the proposed approach allows the generation of different optimal solutions relative to the alternate availability of outsourcing and resources. The objective is to provide a decision-maker an assistance to construct, choose, and define the appropriate scheduling program taking into account the possible capacity resources. The industrial problem under consideration is modeled as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). It is implemented under the constraint programming language CHIP V5. The provided solutions determine values for the various variables associated to the tasks realized on each resource, as well as the curves with the profile of the total consumption of resources on time.     

Theory and methodology on the global optimal solution to a General Reverse Logistics Inventory Model for deteriorating items and time-varying rates

In this paper, we present a unified general inventory model for integrated production of new items and remanufacturing of returned items for an infinite planning horizon. Our model considers a production environment that consists of three shops. The first shop is for remanufacturing returned items, the second shop is for manufacturing new items, while the third shop is for collecting returned items to be remanufactured in the first shop. The system is subject to joint production and remanufacturing options, the first one is to produce new items while the second one is to reproduce/recycle the returned items “as-good-as new”. Items deteriorate while they are in storage, and production, remanufacturing, demand, return, and deterioration rates are arbitrary functions of time. A closed form for the total relevant costs as well as a rigorous mathematical proof, which shows the global optimality of the solution to the underlying inventory system are introduced. Illustrative examples, which explain the application of the theoretical results as well as their numerical verifications, are also given.     

Analysis of the maximum level policy in a production-distribution system

We consider a production-distribution system, where a facility produces one commodity which is distributed to a set of retailers by a fleet of vehicles. Each retailer defines a maximum level of the inventory. The production policy, the retailers replenishment policies and the transportation policy have to be determined so as to minimize the total system cost. The overall cost is composed by fixed and variable production costs at the facility, inventory costs at both facility and retailers and routing costs. We study two different types of replenishment policies. The well-known order-up to level (OU) policy, where the quantity shipped to each retailer is such that the level of its inventory reaches the maximum level, and the maximum level (ML) policy, where the quantity shipped to each retailer is such that the inventory is not greater than the maximum level. We first show that when the transportation is outsourced, the problem with OU policy is NP-hard, whereas there exists a class of instances where the problem with ML policy can be solved in polynomial time. We also show the worst-case performance of the OU policy with respect to the more flexible ML policy. Then, we focus on the ML policy and the design of a hybrid heuristic. We also present an exact algorithm for the solution of the problem with one vehicle. Results of computational experiments carried out on small size instances show that the heuristic can produce high quality solutions in a very short amount of time. Results obtained on a large set of randomly generated problem instances are also shown, aimed at comparing the two policies.     

基于数据的生产过程调度方法研究综述

生产过程调度是自动化、工业工程和管理工程等领域的热点研究方向. 迄今, 在生产过程调度方法研究上已取得很多成果, 其主要涉及生产过程调度问题建模和优化方法. 本文在对常用生产过程调度方法的国内外研究状况进行简要综述的基础上, 主要针对复杂生产过程调度问题, 论述了基于数据的生产过程调度方法的研究背景、涵义和研究现状.     

Production scheduling and vehicle routing with time windows for perishable food products

We propose a nonlinear mathematical model to consider production scheduling and vehicle routing with time windows for perishable food products in the same framework. The demands at retailers are assumed stochastic and perishable goods will deteriorate once they were produced. Thus the revenue of the supplier is uncertain and depends on the value and the transaction quantity of perishable products when they are carried to retailers. The objective of this model is to maximize the expected total profit of the supplier. The optimal production quantities, the time to start producing and the vehicle routes can be determined in the model simultaneously. Furthermore, we elaborate a solution algorithm composed of the constrained Nelder–Mead method and a heuristic for the vehicle routing with time windows to solve the complex problem. Computational results indicate our algorithm is effective and efficient.     

台达机电产品在塑料薄膜生产线上的应用

本文主要介绍了台达机电产品（触摸屏、PLC、变频器、温控器等）在塑料薄膜生产线上的整合应用。该控制系统操作界面友好简单,结合台达HMI、PLC和变频器等工控产品,实现了设备的技术升级与高效节能,体现出台达自动化产品较高的性价比。运行实践证明,台达产品稳定可靠,控制效率高,值得业界同行借鉴和推广。