XRD测定炭素材料的石墨化度

介绍了用X射线衍射(XRD)测定炭素材料石墨化度的原理和方法,指出:用高纯硅粉作内标校准测量误差是必要的;当炭石墨的衍射线呈现不对称时,必须进行多重峰分离,这说明试样含有不同石墨化度的组分,同时可计算出它们相应的含量。     

一种新的群排序方法——对信息流动法的改进与完善

用信息论的思想,对信息流动法提出了改进的方法,同时给出了计算程序框图。     

C2C商家信任度动态分类机制研究

在C2C电子商务的交易中,买家因交易目的不同,对商家信任度的粒度要求是不同的。为提高交易的成功率,应建立商家信任度的动态分类机制,以满足不同应用的需求。为此,从买家对商家信任的本质出发,首先通过使用模糊集合理论的隶属度概念,提出了信任的定量描述方法;其次,引进模糊聚类分析方法,建立了商家信任度的动态分类机制;最后,通过实验仿真分析,验证了该方法的有效性和合理性。     

Localizable imaging study for the noninvasive diagnosis of lesions with the backscattering polarized light

The asymmetry appearing in the degree of polarization (DOP) distribution of the backscattering polarized light from tissues is investigated by using polarized Monte Carlo simulation. When the incident point is close to the boundary of the lesion inside the tissue, high asymmetry emerges regardless of the polarized direction of the incident light. A noninvasive method based upon the DOP asymmetry of the backscattering light is proposed to locate lesions hidden in live tissues by scanning a point light source. Imaging of the front projection on complicated lesion structures is demonstrated with this method. Its transverse resolution, which is affected by the wavelength of incident light and the size of the scattering particle, can reach the diameter of the lesion scattering particle theoretically while the best longitudinal detection depth can be achieved by choosing a suitable incident wavelength according to the scattering characters of the tissue.     

子图直方图相关的图像置乱效果盲评判

为客观、自动地评价图像置乱效果,提出了一种基于子图直方图相关的图像置乱盲评判方法。该方法首先分析理想置乱图像的定义和特征,归纳总结最优置乱图像的直方图特点;然后,将待评判的置乱图像进行分块处理,建立各子图的直方图序列,利用各序列间的相关度给出置乱程度的评判测度。两种不同类型的置乱效果评判实验显示,与基于SNR的置乱评价方法相比,该方法不仅高效、灵活,评判不需要原始图像做参考,而且评判结果与人类视觉系统的主观感知相吻合,可快速有效判断图像置乱程度。     

基于文本挖掘的WUI火灾致灾因子网络构建及特征分析

为预防和减少WUI火灾的发生, 挖掘WUI火灾关键致灾因子, 厘清致灾因子间的作用机制. 本文首先基于本文挖掘技术从WUI火灾事故案例中得到致灾因子, 使用Apriori算法得到致灾因子之间的关联规则. 然后使用复杂网络理论构建WUI火灾致灾因子网络, 计算网络拓扑特征参数, 探析WUI火灾致灾因子网络特征. 最后引入WUI火灾致因链风险度指标, 挖掘出高风险连边, 并提出断链措施. 结果表明: WUI火灾致灾因子网络具有小世界特性, 高温、强风、干旱等对其他致灾因子影响较大. 燃烧废弃物、植物起火、应急响应速度、人为纵火、强风在不同致灾因子转换中具有重要作用, 应加强管控. 网络中风险度最高的边是燃烧废弃物→植物起火, 通过颁布禁止擅自燃烧废弃物等规定, 即可切断该风险链, 实现对WUI火灾的预防和主动控制.     

中国大陆Internet物理特征的测量与分析

结合网络测量技术和复杂网络理论对中国大陆地区Internet物理特征展开测量与分析。首先阐述了Internet网络测量的研究现状,然后形式化地定义了Internet物理特征的3个重要表征量：Internet直径、聚类系数、度分布。其次,研究人员经过18个月的测量与分析中国大陆地区Internet物理特征,计算出未加权Internet直径是14.9跳,聚类系数为0.32,度值为5.68。最后,对Internet直径进行了加权处理,计算出加权的Internet直径为15.6±3.1跳,加权后的Internet直径分布特征能更加精确地反映Internet特性。     

Known-key distinguishers on type-1 Feistel scheme and near-collision attacks on its hashing modes

We present some known-key distinguishers for a type-1 Feistel scheme with a permutation as the round function. To be more specific, the 29-round known-key truncated differential distinguishers are given for the 256-bit type-1 Feistel scheme with an SP (substitution-permutation) round function by using the rebound attack, where the S -boxes have perfect differential and linear properties and the linear diffusion layer has a maximum branch number. For two 128-bit versions, the distinguishers can be applied on 25-round structures. Based on these distinguishers, we construct near-collision attacks on these schemes with MMO (Matyas-Meyer-Oseas) and MP (Miyaguchi-Preneel) hashing modes, and propose the 26-round and 22-round near-collision attacks for two 256-bit schemes and two 128-bit schemes, respectively. We apply the near-collision attack on MAME and obtain a 26-round near-collision attack. Using the algebraic degree and some integral properties, we prove the correctness of the 31-round known-key integral distinguisher proposed by Sasaki et al. We show that if the round function is a permutation, the integral distinguisher is suitable for a type-1 Feistel scheme of any size.     

基于内容的图像检索系统

文章介绍了基于内容的图像检索技术及其优势，并举了几个例子。     

汽车逆向物流系统绿色度评价研究

面对日益短缺的自然资源和严重破坏的生态环境,为促进报废汽车得到有效回收与利用,以循环经济的“3R”原则为基础,构建了汽车逆向物流系统结构模型;基于绿色度评价准则,构建了汽车逆向物流系统的评价指标体系;并提出了模糊综合评判法、数据包络分析、层次分析法相结合的综合评价方法;最后以一个案例对提出的理论与方法进行了说明与验证,为汽车逆向物流的有效运作提供参考。