温度和气氛对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FetO渣系磷容量的影响

采用气-渣-金平衡法测定CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FetO渣系的磷容量,用钼坩埚作为反应容器,Ag-0.2%P合金作为气-渣-金平衡的熔剂,CO-CO2-Ar混合气体提供体系的氧分压,分析了温度和气氛对该渣系磷容量的影响.结果表明,对于一定成分的炉渣,当体系CO、CO2、Ar组成一定时,随着温度由1 723 K增加到1 823 K,CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FetO渣系的磷容量降低;在1 773 K,气氛中氧分压由3.6×10-5 Pa增大到7.2×10-4 Pa时,磷容量随着氧分压的增大而增大.     

硅渣中金属离子的分离和利用

本实验研究了硅渣用盐酸处理后，加入动物胶，分离出硅，然后通过调节pH值，让溶液中的钙、钠、铝分离开。钙、铝的化合物，过滤后回到氧化铝流程，进行再利用，溶液通过浓缩结晶，回到生产硅产品的流程中去，氧化钠回收利用。本试验为探索出硅渣处理，促进氧化铝生产的发展，搞好环境保护和提高经济效益，提供重要方法。     

用底注包连续浇注铸钢车轮产生夹渣缺陷的分析

用流体力学原理解释了用底注包连续浇注铸钢车轮过程中产生规律性夹渣缺陷的原因———是由于钢液在孔口出流时产生的真空 ,使钢液中的气体连同它所吸附的氧化渣一起析出附着在产生真空的水口砖表面上 ,当多到一定程度脱落流入铸型中造成的 ,并提出解决这一问题的办法。强化真空过滤的析渣效果 ,分渣除之 ;弱化真空析渣效果使杂质分散在铸件机体中不形成集中夹渣缺陷。     

含B2O3渣系的热力学计算模型

根据炉渣结构的共存理论和相图，推导了ＣａＯＢ２Ｏ３和ＦｅＯＦｅ２Ｏ３Ｂ２Ｏ３渣系的热力学计算模型。结果表明：（１）理论计算的ＣａＯＢ２Ｏ３渣系的作用浓度ＮＣａＯ及ＮＢ２Ｏ３与实测的活度ａＣａＯ及ａＢ２Ｏ３一致；（２）理论计算的ＦｅＯＦｅ２Ｏ３Ｂ２Ｏ３渣系的氧化能力ＮＦｅｔＯ与实测的炉渣ＦｅｔＯ的活度值相符合。这说明本文提出的热力学计算模型是合理的。     

钒铁渣在七星水库面板加固中的应用

钒铁渣作为水泥基材料的掺和料,有明显的补偿收缩和提高抗裂性作用。单掺粉煤灰、复掺钒铁渣和粉煤灰混凝土的压拉强度比（抗压强度／劈拉强度）均高于纯水泥混凝土,尤其以复掺钒铁渣和粉煤灰混凝土更优。将其应用于混凝土面板中,能够抑制收缩,减少裂缝,提高混凝土结构的耐久性。     

Phase Equilibrium studies in the system “FeO”–SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO at 1200 °C and Po2 10-8atm

Iron oxides and silica are the major components of copper smelting slag. The oxides of aluminum, calcium and magnesium are also present in the slag that is introduced through copper concentrate, flux and refractories. Liquidus temperatures of the copper smelting slags are usually controlled by Fe/SiO₂. The concentrations of Al₂O₃, CaO and MgO, and FeO/Fe₂O₃ in the slag can also affect the liquidus temperatures where FeO/Fe₂O₃ is a function of oxygen partial pressure. High temperature equilibration under controlled oxygen partial pressure followed by quenching and electron probe microanalysis were used to determine the compositions of the liquid and solid phases at 1200 °C and Po₂ 10^-8 atm. The experimental results are presented in the forms of pseudo-ternary sections “FeO”-CaO-SiO₂ at fixed 2, 4 and 6 wt pct MgO, and 2 + 2, 4 + 4 and 6 + 6 wt pct MgO + Al₂O₃. Spinel and tridymite are the major primary phases in the composition range investigated. In addition, CaSiO₃, pyroxene, olivine, and melilite are also present. The isotherms in the spinel and tridymite primary phase fields move towards higher SiO₂ concentration directions with increasing CaO, Al₂O₃, and MgO concentrations. The experimentally determined results are compared with the FactSage calculations.     

Iron working at Zambana el Vato (TN), Italy

ABSTRACT

The workshop of Zambana el Vato (region Trentino, Northern Italy), is dated to the period between the 7th-6th and the 5th century BC. Iron working activities are clearly recognizable from the various finds. Among them there are working slag, heated clay, fragments of hearth or forge, hammerscale and more residues that can be referred to iron technology. A number of selected specimens were sectioned and mounted for photomicroscopy to identify the structure and some of the mounted samples were also examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using both a back scattered electron detector and energy dispersive (EDS) x-ray analysis. This paper presents the results of these studies. The hearths were regularly repaired, as their fragments were found mixed with working slag. The hammerscale samples indicate that there were three iron-working areas. The fragments of forge with traces of tuyeres indicate that bellows were employed. Refining slag was identified among the debris. This is particularly significant as for the moment no iron refining centers are known in this area.     

钢渣沥青混凝土技术及其应用研究进展

钢渣常被当成工业废弃物处置,但其碱性强、棱角丰富,兼具有优异的力学特性,可以改善沥青混凝土的抗水损害、抗高温变形以及耐磨和抗滑等性能,被认为是可替代天然矿质集料的理想筑路材料。近年来道路建设对集料用量的高需求与天然集料短缺之间的矛盾越来越突出,钢渣沥青混凝土技术因而成为备受关注的热点。概述了钢渣的材料特性以及钢渣沥青混凝土的设计与性能,介绍了钢渣沥青混凝土的实际应用情况,研究了钢渣沥青混凝土长期应用后的路面性能变化,最后对钢渣沥青混凝土未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

锂渣粉作为辅助胶凝材料在水泥基材料中的研究进展

锂渣是生产锂盐过程中产生的工业废渣,其含有大量活性SiO_2和Al_2O_3,有作为辅助胶凝材料的应用潜力。从物理性质、化学成分与矿物组成、活性评价与活性激发等方面介绍了锂渣自身的物理化学特性和水化活性潜质。从力学性能、工作性、耐久性、水化反应与微结构四方面重点综述了锂渣粉对水泥基材料各方面性能的影响,并进行了理论分析与总结。最后指出锂渣粉用于水泥基材料需要在活性提高、高含量SO_3和多孔结构的改善及利用等方面加强研究。     

Evaluation of rutting potential for asphalt concrete mixes containing copper slag

Copper slag (CS) is a by-product of the copper extraction process, which can be used as coarse and/or fine aggregate in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. This study used CS as a replacement of the fine aggregate with a percentage of up to 40% by total aggregate weight. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CS on the rutting potential of the asphalt concrete mix using two methods. One method is based on the Dynamic modulus |E*| testing result. Actual pavement temperature data from a test section were used with the developed |E*| master curves. EverStressFE finite element program was used to perform a linear elastic load-deformation analysis for a pavement section and to determine the vertical resilient strain in a 40-mm HMA surface layer. The M-E PDG permanent deformation model was used with and Excel Visual Basic for Applications code to predict the accumulated rutting for different CS mixes for 10 million ESALs. The other method used the data from the flow number (FN) test. Based on the |E*| approach, the results indicated that adding 5% CS in the mix increased the predicted rutting from 0.59 to 0.98 mm at 10 million ESALs (increase by 68%). When 40% CS was used, rutting increased by more than 700% compared with the control mix. After analysing the FN results with the Francken model, the results indicated a decrease in FN as CS content is increased, indicating higher rutting potential. The decrease in FN ranged from 9% for 5% CS to 95% for 40% CS. The mixes containing up to 10% CS satisfied the minimum FN criteria for rutting. A calibration process for the M-E PDG distress prediction models that allows the use of waste and by-product materials such as CS should be considered in the future.