无机盐水基解卡液的研究及其在长5井的应用

酒泉盆地长沙岭构造砂泥岩段长,存在高压盐水层,平均钻井液密度在1.98-2.02 g/cm3之间,压井过程中压差卡钻事故频繁发生,过去通常采用油基解卡液浸泡解卡,配方复杂且污染钻井液。通过对无机盐、加重剂、渗透剂的优选,开发了一种由无机盐和OT为主要成分的新型的水基解卡液,提高了解卡速度和成功率。该解卡液防塌性好,在长时间浸泡后不会造成井塌复杂,解卡后可配合降滤失剂和稀释剂混入钻井液中,进一步提高钻井液的防塌性。通过室内评价实验,该解卡液抗温能力在140℃以上。在解卡仪上测得解卡时间最短为85 min,而油基解卡液的解卡时间最短为100 min。该解卡液荧光级别低,不会对录测井造成影响。     

Quadratic Optical Nonlinearities of N‐Methyl and N‐Aryl Pyridinium Salts

Four series of dyes with dimethylamino electron donor groups and N‐R‐pyridinium (R = methyl Me, phenyl Ph, 2,4‐dinitrophenyl 2,4‐DNPh, or 2‐pyrimidyl 2‐Pym) electron acceptors are studied as their hexafluorophosphate salts. The intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) energies (E_max) of these compounds decrease within each of the series in the order R = Me > Ph > 2,4‐DNPh > 2‐Pym, as the electron‐accepting ability of the pyridinium ring increases. Hyper‐Rayleigh scattering with femtosecond 1300 or 800 nm lasers yields fluorescence‐free first hyperpolarizabilities β, and static first hyperpolarizabilities β₀[H] are obtained via the two‐state model. Dipole moment changes Δμ₁₂ for the ICT transitions obtained from Stark spectroscopy afford β₀[S] values by using β₀ = 3Δμ₁₂(μ₁₂)²/2(E_max)² (μ₁₂ = transition dipole moment). The β₀[S] data show that the combination of pyridyl N‐arylation with conjugation extension affords large increases in β₀. The β₀[H] data generally agree with this conclusion, but resonance effects may explain some apparent anomalies. X‐ray structural studies on various salts reveal that the use of tosylate anions is not a generally applicable approach to engineering noncentrosymmetric structures of pyridinium salts. However, trans‐N‐phenyl‐4‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl‐4‐buta‐1,3‐dienyl)pyridinium hexafluorophosphate adopts the polar space group Cc, and shows a very large powder second harmonic generation efficiency from a 1907 nm laser, which is similar to that of the well‐studied material trans‐4′‐(dimethylamino)‐N‐methyl‐4‐stilbazolium tosylate (DAST).     

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浙江沿海平原浅层天然气主要赋存于第四纪全新世和晚更新世地层中。气样组分分析表明，该区天然气属甲烷型生物成因气。有机地球化学分析表明，生物气气源层具强—较强的还原环境，同时具有较高的有机质丰度、较好的有机质类型等有利条件。结合钻井资料，将该区由上而下划分为第一含气层系（全新统）和第二含气层系（上更新统）。其中浙北第一含气层系内的第三储气层，浙东南第一含气层系内的下储气层、第二含气层内的晚更新世第一砂砾层分别为各自的主力气层。储气层为含砂贝壳、含贝壳粉细—细砂、含贝壳砂砾层。古河口湾、受海侵影响的河漫滩和海湾滨岸分布区是寻找具商业价值气藏的主要领域，气藏圈闭类型为岩性型、背斜型及复合型等。据地质、地理、生储盖组合、圈闭条件和地球化学环境，优选出八个一类区块     

Comparative studies on the performance of immobilized quaternary ammonium salt catalysts for the addition of carbon dioxide to glycidyl methacrylate

The addition of carbon dioxide to glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was investigated in a semi-batch reactor using immobilized quaternary ammonium chloride catalysts. Five different catalysts were prepared with the following supports: (1) soluble poly(ST-co-VBC)[C1], (2) insoluble poly(ST-DVB-VBC)[C2], (3) macroporous poly(ST-DVB-VBC)[C3], (4) poly(ST-co-VBC)-MMT[C4], (5) modified MCM-41[C5]. The addition of carbon dioxide to GMA can be considered as pseudo first-order with the concentration of GMA. The soluble poly(ST-co-VBC)-supported catalyst containing benzyltributylammonium chloride group showed the highest reaction rate. The order of the pseudo first-order rate constant for the catalysts was C1 > C3 > C2 > C4 > C5. The activation energy for the C1–C5 catalysts was 11.5, 28.1, 20.8, 36.6 and 39.3 kJ/mol, respectively. The immobilized catalysts can be reused for at least four successive runs without any considerable loss of their initial reactivities.     

Substitution of lead catalysts by zirconium in the oxidative polymerization of linseed oil

In this study, the oxidation of linseed oil was used as a model for oxidative alkyd paint system. A comparative study between cobalt, lead and zirconium octoates as catalysts for oxidative polymerization of linseed oil has been performed. The cobalt salt catalyzes the oxidation step, and the lead and zirconium catalyze the polymerization step. Under the same reaction conditions, the zirconium catalyst is more efficient than lead. As the use of lead compounds is associated with toxicological problems, our results suggest use of the zirconium salt as a substitute for lead compounds in industrial applications.     

低品位铁矿石生产锶铁氧体材料新工艺

本文介绍了低品位铁矿石直接还原和盐熔法相结合制备锶铁氧体新工艺，且采用该新工艺其磁性能指标达Br≥0．20T，BHc≥143kA／m，（BH）max≥8.0kJ／m3，并研究了配方、加杂及盐熔焙烧工艺对磁性能影响。     

有机熔盐电镀铝的研究进展

在有机熔盐电镀铝体系的构成、物理和电化学性质的基础上,对卤化烷基吡啶类、卤化烷基咪唑啉类、氯化烷芳基铵盐类电镀铝及铝合金的研究现状进行了阐述,并对这3种有机熔盐电镀铝体系的优缺点进行了归纳总结。最后,指出了有机熔盐电镀铝体系的应用前景和发展方向。     

ICP-AES法测定陶瓷UO_2芯块粉末标准物质中Al、Ba、Co、Ta、Ti和V

采用２３７季铵萃淋树脂和萃取色谱分离技术，在６．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＮＯ３介质中定量分离陶瓷ＵＯ２芯块粉末标准物质中铀与待测杂质元素。用ＩＣＰ直读光谱仪同时测定流出液中Ａｌ、Ｂａ、Ｃｏ、Ｔａ、Ｔｉ和Ｖ。分析结果均在标准值的置信区间内，相对标准偏差ｓｒ＜７．５％。取样３００ｍｇ时，测定下限为（０．０１６—０．２５０）×１０－６。     

Electrochemical reduction of silicon chloride in a non-aqueous solvent

The electrodeposition of silicon was engaged in propylene carbonate containing SiCl₄ and tetrabutylammonium chloride. Cyclic voltammograms showed the possibility of electrodeposition of Si at −3.6 V versus Pt quasi-R.E. Potentiostatic electrolysis yielded a porous and white deposit with the thickness of 50 μm at −3.6 V for 1 h. Raman spectroscopic analysis of the deposit immersed in pure propylene carbonate soon after the electrolysis confirmed that the electrodeposit was amorphous silicon. Moreover, EDX and XPS results indicated that the electrodeposited Si was so active that it was oxidized immediately in the air. Finally, the electrodeposition process of Si film is discussed based on chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry.     

Boric Ester-Type Molten Salt via Dehydrocoupling Reaction

Novel boric ester-type molten salt was prepared using 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride as a key starting material. After an ion exchange reaction of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride with lithium (bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide) (LiNTf₂), the resulting 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium NTf₂ was reacted with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) to give the desired boric ester-type molten salt in a moderate yield. The structure of the boric ester-type molten salt was supported by ¹H-, ¹³C-, ¹¹B- and ¹⁹F-NMR spectra. In the presence of two different kinds of lithium salts, the matrices showed an ionic conductivity in the range of 1.1 × 10⁻⁴–1.6 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 51 °C. This was higher than other organoboron molten salts ever reported.