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61.
采用溶液还原法,以硫酸镍为原料,水合肼为还原剂制备了超细和纳米镍粉。研究了不同分散剂对镍粉粒度和粒度分布的影响。X射线衍射结果表明,所得粉末为纯Ni相,晶粒尺寸约13nm;激光粒度分布测试结果表明,Ni粉粒度分布较窄,中位径集中在0．7～0．8μm,最大粒径不超过2．0μm。透射电镜照片显示粉末近球形,一次颗粒粒径在50～100nm之间,有轻微团聚。改变分散剂种类（PVP、PEG1500、PEG20000、CTAC）和用量可使超细镍粉的比表面积在3．24～57．88m^2／g间变化。 相似文献
62.
Pure Ni and Ni alloy tapes with sharp cube texture and low-angle grain boundaries prepared by thermomechanical process were extensively used as substrates for coated conductor. The thermomechanical process usually includes hot forging and cold rolling. In this study, a hot-rolling process between hot forging and cold rolling was induced. The influence of hot rolling on the cube texture of pure Ni was discussed. Sharp cube texture on pure Ni was obtained by suitable hot rolling, cold rolling, and recrystallization treatment. This deformation texture of tape was studied using orientation distribution function （ODF）. Orientation mapping, content of the cube texture, and grain boundary distribution were performed using an EBSD system mounted on LEO-1450 SEM. The results show that the substrates that are hot rolled have a sharp cube texture and low-angle grain boundaries. 相似文献
63.
K.A. Weidenmann C. Fleck V. Schulze D. Lhe 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2005,36(7):307-312
Analysis of the microstructure and the residual stress state of aluminium extrusions reinforced with ropes Closed profiles of the aluminium wrought alloy EN AW‐6060 have been in‐situ‐reinforced during the extrusion process with ropes built by wires drawn of the nickel‐based alloy Inconel 601 (2.4851). These profiles have been investigated with non‐destructive and semi‐destructive testing methods regarding the residual stresses evolving during cooling from extrusion temperature to room temperature. The results obtained via X‐ray diffraction and hole drilling method have been compared with simulations using a simplified model of the compound investigated. Thereby, compressive residual stresses appearing during the cooling process have been detected parallel to the rope axis nearby the rope‐matrix‐interface because of plastic flow of the matrix material. Additionally, the microstructure of the extruded composite has been analysed focussing on the contingent formation of intermetallic phases at the rope‐matrix‐interface and on the influence of the reinforcements on the longitudinal weld. 相似文献
64.
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT, 52/48) thin film capacitors were prepared on electroless Ni coated Cu foil by chemical solution deposition for printed wiring board embedded capacitor applications. Phase development, dielectric properties, and leakage characteristics of capacitors were investigated, in particular as a function of the process temperature. Dielectric properties of the capacitors were dependent on the crystallization temperature, and capacitance densities of more than 350 nF/cm2 and loss tangent of less than 0.03 were measured for capacitors crystallized below 600 °C. Lowest leakage current densities (around 2 × 10− 7 A/cm2 at 10 V direct current (DC)) and highest breakdown fields could be obtained for capacitors crystallized at 650 °C.Capacitors with different thickness and a two-layer capacitor model were used in analyzing the interface layer between PZT and the underlying electroless Ni. From the capacitance and leakage measurements, it is suggested that the interface reaction layer has low permittivity (K around 30) and high defect concentration, which has an important effect on the electrical properties of capacitors. This interface is from the reaction of the electroless nickel layer with the adjacent PZT, and may specifically be moderated by the nickel phosphide (Ni-P) phase, transformed from amorphous Ni during the annealing step.The results have significant implications for embedded capacitors in printed wiring boards. They demonstrate that the process can be tuned to produce either voltage independent capacitors with low leakage and high breakdown fields (above 30 V DC), or the more usual hysteretic, switching, ferroelectric capacitors with higher capacitance densities. 相似文献
65.
Th. Lampke Prof. M. Zacher D. Dietrich B. Wielage 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2008,39(12):897-900
Deposition and structure of electroplated composite layers The electrodeposition of nickel layers with incorporated ceramic nanoparticles, TiO2 and Al2O3 was carried out with the aid of ultrasound during electroplating. The ultrasound guarantees a permanent desagglomeration of nanoparticles in the electrolyte. Therefore, nanoparticles were incorporated homogeneously and fine‐dispersedly. The incorporation of nanoscaled particles, the changes of the layer structure and the crystallites were investigated in comparison to conventionally electrodeposited nickel layers by means of SEM, EDX, EBSD and XRD. 相似文献
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68.
J. P. Xiao Y. Xie R. Tang M. Chen X. B. Tian 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2001,13(24):1887-1891
69.
70.
In the recent situation of a historically high nickel price, austenitic stainless steels, such as 1.4301, became too expensive compared to their actual technical value in many applications. This paper presents two new stainless steel grades developed by ArcelorMittal to replace 1.4301. The first one is a 20%Cr ferritic grade. The second one is a low‐Ni Cu‐bearing austenitic grade. The choices in the compositions are described as a function of the technical requirements, economical target and the production process limitations. The final properties are discussed as a function of the composition and compared with 1.4301 and other existing stainless steels. Finally, the complementarities of these two new grades are highlighted in regard to the different application markets considered. 相似文献